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Endocrine Disruptors and Fetal Programming

Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2017年第1期7卷 59-76页

作者： tatiane andreazza lucchese Naiana Grunow Ian Werner Ana Luísa de Jesus Alberto Krayyem Arbex Division of Endocrinology IPEMED Medical School (IPEMED) S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Chemistry School Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Diabetology Department Malteser Krankenhaus St. Franziskus-Hospital Flensburg Germany

The concept “fetal programming” shows who still in the intrauterine life, can interfere in factors related to the genesis and development of diseases in childhood, adolescence and adult life. The literature shows that children born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk for the development of obesity in adulthood, it becomes fundamental to study more about the subject. Obesity is a disease of multifactorial etiology, resulting from complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. However, the marked increase in its incidence, precocity and severity are not yet fully understood. Several findings suggest that stressor stimuli (e.g. diabetes, nutritional changes) during intrauterine development may promote epigenetic changes, as well as affect mitochondrial metabolism, which may modulate fetal development and predispose to the late development of diseases. Despite the considerable amount of evidence accumulated about intrauterine programming for diseases of adult life, the determinant mechanisms of such programming are not yet clear.

关键词： Fetal Programming Obesity Diabetes Mellitus

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Health, Physical Activity and the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic Games: Legacy or Fallacy?

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Health 2016年第1期8卷 9-17页

作者： Vagner Rosa Bizarro tatiane andreazza lucchese Amanda Maia Breis Karine Rucker Minelli Salles Alves Fernandes Mikele Torino Paletti Ana Luísa Conceição de Jesus Raphael Calafange Marques Pereira Denise Rosso Tenório Wanderley Rocha Alberto Krayyem Arbex Division of Endocrinology IPEMED Medical School Rio de Janeiro Brazil Division of Rehabilitation Sciences UNISUAM Rio de Janeiro Brazil Harvard School of Public Health Harvard University Boston USA

It is generally expected that the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games will bring health and social benefits to their host city and to Brazil. This assumption comes from “common sense”, as a logical conclusion arising from the fact that host cities “inspire” and stimulate lifestyle changes. Benefits are also expected on tourism, self-image, architecture and the economy of the country as a whole. But are these expectations real and evidence-based? What parts of these “facts” are concrete and which ones are not? This paper suggests available ways of quantifying positive effects of hosting an Olympic Game, and puts the focus of this approach on the Rio de Janeiro 2016 Olympic Games and their true legacy, seeking scientific certainties.

关键词： Physical Activity Olympic Games Paralympic Games Olympic Legacy Rio de Janeiro Rio 2016

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Diabetes, Obesity and the Nutrition Transition in the Mercosur

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2016年第1期6卷 28-37页

作者： tatiane andreazza lucchese Amanda Maia Breis Karine Rucker Vagner Rosa Bizarro Lis Marina Mesquita Araújo Alessandre Gomes Mikele Torino Paletti Ana Luísa Conceição de Jesus Marcella Garcez Duarte Denise Rosso Tenório Wanderley Rocha Alberto Krayyem Arbex Division of Endocrinology IPEMED Medical School (IPEMED) Sao Paulo Brazil Brazilian Association of Nutrology (ABRAN) Catanduva Sao Paulo Brazil Visiting Scholar Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Harvard University Boston USA

Diabetes and obesity are major health hazards in Latin America nowadays. Their prevalence has steadily increased since the eighties. Today, more than 50% of the population are overweight, 15% has obesity and 6% to 15% has diabetes. The nutrition transition is a long-term process that brings chronic metabolic diseases as an undesired consequence, whilst ultra processed foods become increasingly part of daily food choices. These changes bring impacts in all fields of daily life, especially in the economic and legal fields—the “Right to Health”—and regarding autonomy of the individual and their choices, when confronted with an ideal of health and well-being. Governments and citizens struggle to propose new pathways and find effective solutions to control both epidemics and solve these issues. This article poses the evolution of diabetes and obesity in the Mercosur, seeking a better understanding of these chronic, non-communicable diseases, and looking for concrete, effective solutions towards health in South America.

关键词： Obesity Diabetes Mercosur Nutrition Transition Right to Health South America

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