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Nucleoside modified mRNA-lipid nanoparticles as a new delivery platform for the repair of the injured spinal cord

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2311-2312页

作者： Krisztián Pajer tamás Bellák Antal Nógrádi Department of Anatomy Histology and EmbryologyAlbert Szent-Györgyi Medical SchoolUniversity of SzegedSzegedHungary

Spinal cord injury and treatment opportunities:The adult mammalian spinal cord has a very limited capacity for spontaneous regeneration due to various intrinsic molecular and cellular *** the spinal cord neurons have the capacity to regenerate their axons,the expression of growth inhibitory factors,lack or suppression of proper guidance cues,and profound inflammatory responses do not permit successful regeneration(Khyeam et al.,2021).

关键词： injured capacity modified

Privacy-preserving explainable AI: a survey

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 23-56页

作者： Thanh tam NGUYEN Thanh Trung HUYNH Zhao REN Thanh Toan NGUYEN Phi Le NGUYEN Hongzhi YIN Quoc Viet Hung NGUYEN School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University School of Computer and Communication Sciences Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Bremen Faculty of Information Technology HUTECH University Department of Computer Science Hanoi University of Science and Technology School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Queensland

As the adoption of explainable AI(XAI) continues to expand, the urgency to address its privacy implications intensifies. Despite a growing corpus of research in AI privacy and explainability, there is little attention on privacy-preserving model explanations. This article presents the first thorough survey about privacy attacks on model explanations and their countermeasures. Our contribution to this field comprises a thorough analysis of research papers with a connected taxonomy that facilitates the categorization of privacy attacks and countermeasures based on the targeted explanations. This work also includes an initial investigation into the causes of privacy leaks. Finally, we discuss unresolved issues and prospective research directions uncovered in our analysis. This survey aims to be a valuable resource for the research community and offers clear insights for those new to this domain. To support ongoing research, we have established an online resource repository, which will be continuously updated with new and relevant findings.

关键词： privacy-preserving explainable AI privacy attacks privacy defences PrivEx PPXAI

New Optimization Method, the Algorithms of Changes, for Heat Exchanger Design

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2012年第1期25卷 55-62页

作者： tam Houkuan tam Lapmou tam Sikchung CHIO Chouhei GHAJAR Afshin J Department of Electromechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Macao Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Macao School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Oklahoma State University

Heat exchangers are widely used in the process engineering such as the chemical industries, the petroleum industries, and the HVAC applications etc. An optimally designed heat exchanger cannot only help the optimization of the equipment size but also the reduction of the power consumption. In this paper, a new optimization approach called algorithms of changes (AOC) is proposed for design and optimization of the shell-tube heat exchanger. This new optimization technique is developed based on the concept of the book of changes (I Ching) which is one of the oldest Chinese classic texts. In AOC, the hexagram operations in I Ching are generalized to binary string case and an iterative process, which imitates the I Ching inference, is defined. Before applying the AOC to the heat exchanger design problem, the new optimization method is examined by the benchmark optimization problems such as the global optimization test functions and the travelling salesman problem (TSP). Based on the TSP results, the AOC is shown to be superior to the genetic algorithms (GA). The AOC is then used in the optimal design of heat exchanger. The shell inside diameter, tube outside diameter, and baffles spacing are treated as the design (or optimized) variables. The cost of the heat exchanger is arranged as the objective function. For the heat exchanger design problem, the results show that the AOC is comparable to the GA method. Both methods can find the optimal solution in a short period of time.

关键词： optimization genetic algorithms (GA) travelling salesman problem (TSP) heat exchanger design algorithms of changes (AOC)

A novel recombinant,VPAC2-selective agonist enhancing insulin release and glucose disposal

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第4期28卷 526-533页

作者： Ngai-lik tam Bio-engineering Institute of Ji-nan University

Aim:To obtain the recombinant,VPAC2-selective ( VPAC2:type 3 receptor ofpituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide which shared by vasoactiveintestinal peptide) agonist with effects on glucose disposal by intein-mediated,single column ***:A gene encoding 32-amino acid peptidenamed rMBAY was designed and synthesized and cloned into Escherichia coliexpression vector,pKYB (NEB,USA).The recombinant vector was transferredinto E coli ER2566 strain and the target protein was overexpressed as a fusion tothe N-terminus of a self-cleavable affinity *** the fusion protein was puri-fled by chitin-affinity chromatography,the self-cleavage activity of the intein wasinduced by β-mercaptoethanol and the target peptide,rMBAY,was released fromthe chitin-bound intein ***:Approximately 53 mg rMBAY with the purityover 95% was obtained by single column purification from 1 L induced culturefermented in 5 L *** results of the competitive binding assay andcAMP accumulation assay indicated that the recombinant rMBAY had specialbinding selectivity and potency for *** recombinant peptide,rMBAY,enhanced insulin release and decreased the plasma glucose level after intraperito-neal injection (50 ng/kg) with a high concentration of glucose (1.8 mmol/kg) in theNIH ***:An efficient production procedure of a recombinant VPAC2-selective agonist with corresponding effects on glucose disposal was established.

关键词： intein recombinant VPAC2 agonist insulin

Effects of used lubricating oil on two mangroves Aegiceras corniculatum and Avicennia marina

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第11期19卷 1355-1360页

作者： YE Yong tam N FY State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China Department of Biology and Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

An outdoor experiment was set up to investigate the effects of used lubricating oil （5 L/m^2） on Aegiceras corniculatum Blanco. and Avicennia marina （Forsk） Vierh., two salt-excreting mangroves. A. marina was more sensitive to used lubricating oil than A. corniculatum and canopy-oiling resulted in more direct physical damage and stronger lethal effects than base-oiling. When treated with canopy-oiling, half of A. corniculatum plants survived for the whole treatment time （90 d）; but, for A. marina, high mortality （83%） resulted from canopy-oiling within 3 weeks and no plants survived for 80 d. Base-oiling had no lethal effects on A. corniculatum plants even at the termination of this experiment, but 83% of A. marina plants died 80 d after treatment. Forty days after canopyoiling, 93% ofA. corniculatum leaves fell and no live leaves remained on A. marina plants. By the end of the experiment, base-oiling treatment resulted in about 45% ofA. corniculatum leaves falling, while all A. mar/na leaves and buds were burned to die. Lubricating oil resulted in physiological damage to A. corniculatum leaves, including decreases in chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, nitrate reductase, peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities, and increases in malonaldehyde contents. For both species, oil pollution significantly reduced leaf, root, and total biomass, but did not significantly affect stem biomass. Oil pollution resulted in damage to the xylem vessels of fine roots but not to those of mediate roots.

关键词： used lubricating oil mangrove Aegiceras corniculatum Avicennia marina

Multi-wavelength Study for Gamma-Ray Nova V1405 Cas

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年第2期 226-233页

作者： Zi-Wei Ou Pak-Hin Thomas tam Hui-Hui Wang Song-Peng Pei Wen-Jun Huang Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Physics and Astronomy Sun Yat-Sen University CSST Science Center for the Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Greater Bay Area Sun Yat-Sen University School of Physics and Electrical Engineering Liupanshui Normal University

Novae are found to have GeV to TeV γ-ray emission,which reveals the shock acceleration from the white ***,V1405 Cas was reported to radiate suspicious γ-ray by Fermi-LAT with low signi?cance （4.1σ） after the optical *** observations reveal that it is one of the?ve brightest novae surrounded by low-density ionized gas *** we report a continuous search for GeV γ-ray from *** γ-ray was *** V1405 Cas the?ux level is lower than other well-studied Fermi novae,and the γ-ray maximum appears at t0+145 days.γ-ray of V1405 Cas is used to search potential γ-ray *** γ-ray periodicity was found during the time of *** comparing multi-wavelength data,the γ-ray upper limit to optical?ux ratio with a value at around 10-4is obtained to constrain the shock ***-term analysis from Swift-XRT gets X-ray spectral in the post-shock phase,which indicates that V1405 Cas became a super-soft *** best-?t black body temperature at the super soft state is 0.11–0.19 keV.

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Pathological mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第3期17卷 543-549页

作者： Yaojun Ju Kin Yip tam Faculty of Health Sciences University of MacaoAvenida de UniversidadeTaipaMacao Special Adiministrative RegionChina

Alzheimer's disease is a rather complex neurodegenerative disease,which is attributed to a combination of multiple *** the many pathological pathways,synaptic dysfunctions,such as synapses loss and deficits in synaptic plasticity,were thought to be strongly associated with cognitive *** deficiencies in various sorts of neurotransmissions are responsible for the multifarious neurodegenerative symptoms in Alzheimer's disease,for example,the cholinergic and glutamatergic deficits for cognitive decline,the excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission dyshomeostasis for synaptic plasticity deficits and epileptiform symptoms,and the monoamine neurotransmission for neuropsychiatric *** cascade hypothesis is the most popular pathological theory to explain Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis and attracts considerable *** lines of genetic and pathological evidence support the predominant role of amyloid beta in Alzheimer's disease *** tangles assembled by microtubule-associated protein tau are other important histopathological characteristics in Alzheimer's disease *** of tau toxicity was proved to lead to neuron damage,neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in *** is the main risk factor of neurodegenerative diseases,and is associated with inflammation,oxidative stress,reduced metabolism,endocrine insufficiencies and organ *** aging related risk factors were also proved to be some of the risk factors contributing to Alzheimer's *** Alzheimer's disease drug development,many good therapeutic strategies have been investigated in clinical ***,complex mechanism of Alzheimer's disease and the interplay among different pathological factors call for the come out of allpowerful therapies with multiple curing *** review seeks to summarize some of the representative treatments targeting different pathological pathways currently under clinical ***

关键词： Alzheimer's disease pathological pathways drug development multiple pathologies

Industrial and medical applications of fiber Bragg gratings(Invited Paper)

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Chinese Optics Letters 2016年第12期14卷 25-29页

作者： Zhengyong Liu Hwa-Yaw tam Photonics Research Center Department of Electrical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University

The uses of optical fibers are numerous, and over the past few decades, they have extended from optical fiber communications to a wide variety of sensing applications. In particular, fiber Bragg grating（FBG） sensors inscribed in single-mode optical fibers offer significant advantages over more conventional electrical sensors and have been successfully deployed in many different industries. In this Review, we review the applications of intrinsic FBG pressure and flow sensors in oil and gas and the deployment of FBG sensing networks in *** promising prospect of using polymer FBGs in wearable medical devices is also described.

关键词： Bragg numerous deployment grating intrinsic prospect railway attractive specialty experienced

Clinical management of portopulmonary hypertension

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2007年第5期6卷 464-469页

作者： Nga Lei tam Organ Transplantation Center First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China

BACKGROUND: Portopulmonary hypertension (PPH) is defined as the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with increased pulmonary vascular resistance complicated by portal hypertension, with or without advanced hepatic disease. In spite of the relatively rare prevalence, the clinical implications of PPH are significant. It has high perioperative morbidity and mortality. This review is an update of current pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of PPH. DATA SOURCES: An English-language literature search was conducted using PubMed (1980-2006) on portopulmonary hypertension. RESULTS: Echocardiographically identified patients with elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (>50 mmHg) receive right heart catheterization. Epoprostenol (prostacyclin), a potent pulmonary and systemic vasodilator with anti-platelet aggregating activity, and bosentan, an endothelin receptor antagonist, have so far proven beneficial to patients with PPH. CONCLUSIONS: After an accurate diagnosis of PPH treatment should (at a minimum) focus on reduction of mean pulmonary arterial pressure to less than 35 mmHg prior to orthotopic liver transplantation. However, orthotopic liver transplantation currently remains the only therapy to resolve PPH.

关键词： portopulmonary hypertension current development pathogenesis diagnosis therapy