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Acceleration of Cell Growth by Xyloglucan Oligosaccharides in Suspension-Cultured Tobacco Cells

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Molecular Plant 2010年第3期3卷 549-554页

作者： Rumi Kaid Satoko Sugawara Kanako Negoro Hisae Maki Takahisa Hayashi Takako S. Kaneko Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences Japan Women's University Tokyo 112-8681 Japan Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere Kyoto University Kyoto 611-0011 Japan Institute of Sustainability Science Kyoto University Kyoto 611-0011 Japan

The incorporation of xyloglucan oligosaccharide （XXXG） into the walls of suspension-cultured tobacco cells accelerated cell expansion followed by cell division, changed cell shape from cylindrical to spherical, decreased cell size, and caused cell aggregation. Fluorescent XXXG added to the culture medium was found to be incorporated into the surface of the entire wall, where strong incorporation occurred not only on the surface, but also in the interface walls between cells during cell division. Cell expansion was always greater in the transverse direction than in the longitudinal direction and then, immediately, expansion led to cell division in the presence of XXXG; this process might result in the high level of cell aggregation seen in cultured tobacco cells. We concluded that the integration of this oligosaccharide into the walls could accelerate not only cell expansion, but also cell division in cultured cells.

关键词： Xyloglucan oligosaccharide ceil expansion cell division wall loosening suspension-cultured cells.

Loosening Xyloglucan Accelerates the Enzymatic Degradation of Cellulose in Wood

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Molecular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 904-909页

作者： Rumi Kaida Tomomi Kaku Kei'ichi Baba Masafumi Oyadomari Takashi Watanabe Koji Nishida Toshiji Kanaya Ziv Shani Oded Shoseyov Takahisa Hayashi Kyoto University RISH Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan Kyoto University Institute for Chemical Research Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan CBD Technologies Rehovot 76100 Israel Institute of Sustainability Science Kyoto University Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan

In order to create trees in which cellulose, the most abundant component in biomass, can be enzymatically hydrolyzed highly for the production of bioethanol, we examined the saccharification of xylem from several transgenic poplars, each overexpressing either xyloglucanase, cellulase, xylanase, or galactanase. The level of cellulose degradation achieved by a cellulase preparation was markedly greater in the xylem overexpressing xyloglucanase and much greater in the xylems overexpressing xylanase and cellulase than in the xylem of the wild-type plant. Although a high degree of degradation occurred in all xylems at all loci, the crystalline region of the cellulose microfibrUs was highly degraded in the xylem overexpressing xyloglucanase. Since the complex between microfibrils and xyloglucans could be one region that is particularly resistant to cellulose degradation, loosening xyloglucan could facilitate the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose in wood.

关键词： Overexpression of xyloglucanase saccharification transgenic poplar xylem.

HsfAld, a Protein Identified via FOX Hunting Using Thellungiella salsuginea cDNAs Improves Heat Tolerance by Regulating Heat-Stress-Responsive Gene Expression

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Molecular Plant 2013年第2期6卷 411-422页

作者： Yukari Higashi Naohiko Ohama Tomoko Ishikawa Taku Katori Ayaka Shimura Kazuya Kusakabe Kazuko Yamaguchi-Shinozaki Junko Ishida Maho Tanaka Motoaki Seki Kazuo Shinozaki Yoichi Sakata Takahisa Hayashi Teruaki Taji Department of Bio-Science Tokyo University of Agriculture 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka Setagaya Tokyo 156-8502 Japan Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-8657 Japan RIKEN Yokohama Institute 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho Tsururni-ku Yokohama 230-0045 Japan

Thellungiella salsuginea （formerly T. halophila）, a species closely related to Arabidopsis （Arabidopsis thali-ana）, is tolerant not only to high salt levels, but also to chilling, freezing, and ozone. Here, we report that T. salsuginea also shows greater heat tolerance than Arabidopsis. We identified T. salsuginea HsfAld （TsHsfAld） as a gene that can confer marked heat tolerance on Arabidopsis. TsHsfAld was identified via Full-length cDNA Over-eXpressing gene （FOX） hunt-ing from among a collection of heat-stress-related T. salsuginea cDNAs. Transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing TsHsfAld showed constitutive up-regulation of many genes in the Arabidopsis AtHsfA1 regulon under normal growth tempera-ture. in Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts, TsHsfAld was localized in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm. TsHsfAld also interacted with AtHSP90, which negatively regulates AtHsfAls by forming HsfA1-HSP90 complexes in the cytoplasm. It is likely that the partial nuclear localization of TsHsfAld induced the expression of the AtHsfAld regulon in the transgenic plants at normal temperature. We also discovered that transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing AtHsfAldwere more heat-tolerant than wild-type plants and up-regulated the expression of the HsfAld regulon, as was observed in TsHsfAld-overexpressing plants. We propose that the products of both TsHsfAld and AtHsfAld function as positive regulators of Arabidopsis heat-stress response and would be useful for the improvement of heat-stress tolerance in other plants.

关键词： Thellungiella salsuginea heat-stress tolerance HsfA1 FOX hunting.

Xyloglucan for Generating Tensile Stress to Bend Tree Stem

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Molecular Plant 2009年第5期2卷 893-903页

作者： Kei'ichi Baba Yong Woo Park Tomomi Kaku Rumi Kaida Miyuki Takeuchi Masato Yoshida Yoshihiro Hosoo Yasuhisa Ojio Takashi Okuyama Toru Taniguchi Yasunori Ohmiya Teiji Kondo Ziv Shani Oded Shoseyov Tatsuya Awano Satoshi Serada Naoko Norioka Shigemi Norioka Takahisa Hayashi Kyoto University RISH Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan Graduate School of Bioagricultural-Sciences Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8601 Japan Forest Tree Breeding Center Hitachi Ibaraki 319-1301 Japan CBD Technologies Rehovot 76100 Israel Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8502 Japan Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences Osaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan Institute of Sustainability Science Kyoto University Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan

In response to environmental variation, angiosperm trees bend their stems by forming tension wood, which consists of a cellulose-rich G （gelatinous）-Iayer in the walls of fiber cells and generates abnormal tensile stress in the secondary xylem. We produced transgenic poplar plants overexpressing several endoglycanases to reduce each specific polysaccharide in the cell wall, as the secondary xylem consists of primary and secondary wall layers. When placed horizontally, the basal regions of stems of transgenic poplars overexpressing xyloglucanase alone could not bend upward due to low strain in the tension side of the xylem. In the wild-type plants, xyloglucan was found in the inner surface of G-layers during multiple layering. In situ xyloglucan endotransglucosylase （XET） activity showed that the incorporation of whole xyloglucan, potentially for wall tightening, began at the inner surface layers S1 and S2 and was retained throughout G-layer development, while the incorporation of xyloglucan heptasaccharide （XXXG） for wall loosening occurred in the primary wall of the expanding zone. We propose that the xyloglucan network is reinforced by XET to form a further connection between wall-bound and secreted xyloglucans in order to withstand the tensile stress created within the cellulose G-layer micro fibrils.

关键词： G-layer tensile stress xyloglucan xyloglucan endotransglucosylase

Finite Abelian Groups of K3 Surfaces with Smooth Quotient

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2023年第1期44卷 99-162页

作者： Taro hayashi Faculty of Agriculture Kindai UniversityNakamaticho 3327-204NaraNara 631-8505Japan

The quotient space of a K3 surface by a finite group is an Enriques surface or a rational surface if it is smooth.Finite groups where the quotient space are Enriques surfaces are known.In this paper,by analyzing effective divisors on smooth rational surfaces,the author will study finite groups which act faithfully on K3 surfaces such that the quotient space are smooth.In particular,he will completely determine effective divisors on Hirzebruch surfaces such that there is a finite Abelian cover from a K3 surface to a Hirzebrunch surface such that the branch divisor is that effective divisor.Furthermore,he will decide the Galois group and give the way to construct that Abelian cover from an effective divisor on a Hirzebruch surface.Subsequently,he studies the same theme for Enriques surfaces.

关键词： K3 surface Finite Abelian group Abelian cover of a smooth rational surface

Re-evaluation of physical interaction between plant peroxisomes and other organelles using live-cell imaging techniques

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第7期61卷 836-852页

作者： Kazusato Oikawa Makoto hayashi Yasuko hayashi Mikio Nishimura Biomacromolecules Research Team RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science2-1 HirosawaWakoSaitama 351-0198Japan Department of Bioscience Nagahama Institute of Bio-Scie nee and Technology1266 Tamura-ChoNagahama 526-0829Japan Department of Biology Faculty of scienceNiigata UniversityNiigata 950-2181Japan Department of Cell Biology National Institute for Basic BiologyOkazaki 444-8585Japan

The dynamic behavior of organelles is essential for plant survival under various environmental conditions. Plant organelles, with various functions,migrate along actin filaments and contact other types of organelles, leading to physical interactions at a specific site called the membrane contact site. Recent studies have revealed the importance of physical interactions in maintaining efficient metabolite flow between organelles.In this review, we first summarize peroxisome function under different environmental conditions and growth stages to understand organelle interactions. We then discuss current knowledge regarding the interactions between peroxisome and other organelles, i.e., the oil bodies, chloroplast, and mitochondria from the perspective of metabolic and physiological regulation, with reference to various organelle interactions and techniques for estimating organelle interactions occurring in plant cells.

关键词： physical interaction plant peroxisomes live-cell

Flexible Förster resonance energy transfer-assisted optical waveguide based on elastic mixed molecular crystals

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Aggregate

Aggregate 2023年第6期4卷 95-100页

作者： Takumi Matsuo Koki Ikeda Shotaro hayashi School of Engineering Science Kochi University of TechnologyKochiJapan

Flexible molecular crystal waveguides based on elastic molecular crystals(EMCs)are essential inﬂexible and compact optical materials.An increased loss coefﬁ-cientαdue to self-absorption is often a problem in optical waveguides(OWGs)ofﬂuorescent chemical materials waveguiding photons in active mode.Herein,the development of anthracene-based elastic mixed molecular crystals(EMMCs)is reported for Förster Resonance Energy Transfer(FRET)-assisted OWG.To yield a FRET crystal system based on elastic molecular crystals,1%–5%accep-tor doping forﬂuorescent molecular crystals of 9,10-dibromoanthracene 1 was successful by selecting the same regioisomer having electron-withdrawing group,9,10-diformylanthracene 2,as a dopant.In addition to conversion to the mixed system,there is a difference in the elastic modulus and hardness in EMC C1 and EMMC C2@1.However,the elastic behaviour was also shown in a few percent doping of the acceptor.Theαvalue of this EMMC,composed of 1 including 1%of 2(0.0077 dB/μm),is much lower than that of EMC composed of 1(0.1258 dB/μm)because of reducing self-absorption in the FRET system.An efﬁcient andﬂexible OWG was successfully developed by selecting an appropriate acceptor molecule and its low doping rate for mixed crystal construction.This method is a practical approach in various functional andﬂexible crystal systems.

关键词： anthracene elastic mixed molecular crystals ﬂexible Förster resonance energy transfer optical waveguide

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小心,不要碰水母!

科学大众(小学版) 2024年第6期 44-49页

作者：陈珂 hayashi

Novel therapeutic approaches targeting L-type amino acid transporters for cancer treatment

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2017年第1期9卷 21-29页

作者： Keitaro hayashi Naohiko Anzai Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine Department of Pharmacology Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine

L-type amino acid transporters(LATs) mainly assist the uptake of neutral amino acids into cells. Four LATs(LAT1, LAT2, LAT3 and LAT4) have so far been identified. LAT1(SLC7A5) has been attracting much attention in the field of cancer research since it is commonly up-regulated in various cancers. Basic research has made it increasingly clear that LAT1 plays a predominant role in malignancy. The functional significance of LAT1 in cancer and the potential therapeutic application of the features of LAT1 to cancer management are described in this review.

关键词： LAT1 氨基酸 transporter 分子的目标药氨基酸饥饿反应信号 transduction