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Translating Pathological Brain Activity Primers in Parkinson’s Disease Research

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 735-752页

作者： Daniela Mirzac svenja L.Kreis Heiko J.Luhmann Gabriel Gonzalez-Escamilla Sergiu Groppa Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation Department of NeurologyFocus Program Translational NeuroscienceRhine Main Neuroscience NetworkUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55131 MainzGermany Institute of Physiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55131 MainzGermany

Translational experimental approaches that help us better trace Parkinson’s disease(PD)pathophysiological mechanisms leading to new therapeutic targets are urgently *** this article,we review recent experimental and clinical studies addressing abnormal neuronal activity and pathological network oscillations,as well as their underlying mechanisms and *** aim is to enhance our knowledge about the progression of Parkinson's disease pathology and the timing of its symptom’s ***,we present mechanistic insights relevant for the generation of aberrant oscillatory activity within the cortico-basal ganglia *** summarize recent achievements extrapolated from available PD animal models,discuss their advantages and limitations,debate on their differential applicability,and suggest approaches for transferring knowledge on disease pathology into future research and clinical applications.

关键词： clinical knowledge insight

Subpopulations of regulatory T cells are associated with subclinical atherosclerotic plaques,levels of LDL,and cardiorespiratory fitness in the elderly

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 288-296,I0002页

作者： Tim Böttrich Pascal Bauer Vincent Gröβer Magdalena Huber Hartmann Raifer Torsten Frech svenja Nolte Theresa Dombrowski Franz Cemic Natascha Sommer Robert Ringseis Klaus Eder Karsten Krüger Christopher Weyh Department of Exercise Physiology and Sports Therapy Institute of Sports ScienceJustus-Liebig-UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Department of Cardiology and Angiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35392Germany Institute for Systems Immunology Center for Tumor und ImmunologyMarburg 35032Germany TH Mittelhessen Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of Applied Sciences GiessenGiessen 35390Germany Department of Internal Medicine Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center(UGMLC)Member of the German Center for Lung Research(DZL)Giessen 35394Germany Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary Institute(CPI) Justus-Liebig UniversityGiessen 35394Germany Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology Justus-Liebig-University GiessenGiessen 35390Germany

Background:Atherosclerosis forms the pathological basis for the development of cardiovascular *** pathological processes initially develop without clinically relevant symptoms,the identification of early markers in the subclinical stage plays an important role for initiating early *** is evidence that regulatory T cells(Tregs)are involved in the development of ***,the present study aimed to identify and investigate associations with Tregs and their subsets in a cohort of healthy elderly individuals with and without subclinical atherosclerotic plaques(SAP).In addition,various lifestyle and risk factors,such as cardiorespiratory fitness,were investigated as associated ***:A cross-sectional study was performed in 79 participants(male:n=50;age=63.6±3.7 years;body mass index=24.9±3.1 kg/m2;mean±SD)who had no previous diagnosis of chronic disease and were not taking *** of the carotids to identify SAP,cardiovascular function measurement for vascular assessment and a cardiorespiratory fitness test to determine peak oxygen uptake were ***,tests were conducted to assess blood lipids and determine glucose *** of Tregs and their subtypes(resting(rTregs)and effector/memory(mTregs))was performed by 8-chanel flow *** were categorized according to atherosclerotic plaque *** and logistic regression models were used to analyze associations between ***:SAP was detected in a total of 29 *** participants with plaque were older(64.8±3.6 years vs.62.9±3.5 years)and had higher peripheral systolic blood pressure(133.8±14.7 mmHg vs.125.8±10.9 mmHg).The participants with SAP were characterized by a lower percentage of rTregs(28.8%±10.7%vs.34.6%±10.7%)and a higher percentage of mTregs(40.3%±14.7%vs.30.0%±11.9%).Multiple logistic regression identified age(odds ratio(OR)=1.20(95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.011.42))and

关键词： Cardiorespiratory fitness Elderly Regulatory T cells Subclinical atherosclerosis

A new perspective on immune evasion:escaping immune surveillance by inactivating tumor suppressors

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第2期7卷 337-338页

作者： svenja Mergener Samuel Peña-Llopis Translational Genomics in Solid Tumors German Cancer Consortium(DKTK)and German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)at University Hospital EssenHufelandstrasse 55D-45147 EssenGermany Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology German Cancer Consortium(DKTK)and German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)D-69120 HeidelbergGermany

Inactivating mutations in tumor suppressor genes(TSGs)are known to drive tumorigenesis by decoupling proliferation and survival from tight regulatory *** a recent study published in Science,Martin et al.1 shed light on an unappreciated role of TSGs in preventing immune evasion by demonstrating enrichment of TSG inactivation in tumor cell transplants in mice when facing an intact adaptive immune system.

关键词： suppressor immune

Recent advances in electrooxidative radical transformations of alkynes

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第3期66卷 703-724页

作者： Yan Zhang Zhenzhi Cai svenja Warratz Chanchan Ma Lutz Ackermann Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials Drug Discovery&Innovation CenterCollege ofChemistry and Life SciencesZhejiang Normal UniversityJinhua 321000China Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie and Woehler Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry(WISCh) Georg-August-Universität GöttingenGermany

During the past few years,electrochemical oxidative reactions through radical intermediates have emerged as an environmentally-benign,powerful platform for the facile formation of C–E(E=C,N,S,Se,O and Hal)bonds through singleelectron-transfer(SET)processes at the *** unsaturated molecules and unusual structural motifs can,for instance,be directly constructed under exceedingly mild reaction conditions through initial radical attack onto *** minireview highlights the recent advances in electrooxidation in radical reactions until June 2022,with a particular focus on radical additions onto alkynes.

关键词： electrosynthesis electrooxidation radicals alkynes additions difunctionalization

Pulsed electrolysis of carbon dioxide by large-scale solid oxide electrolytic cells for intermittent renewable energy storage

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Carbon Energy 2023年第4期5卷 2-12页

作者： Anqi Wu Chaolei Li Beibei Han Wu Liu Yang Zhang svenja Hanson Wanbing Guan Subhash C.Singhal Key Laboratory of Advanced Fuel Cells and Electrolyzers Technology of Zhejiang Province Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingboZhejiangChina Faculty of Science and Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingboZhejiangChina

CO_(2) electrolysis with solid oxide electrolytic cells(SOECs)using intermittently available renewable energy has potential applications for carbon neutrality and energy *** this study,a pulsed current strategy is used to replicate intermittent energy availability,and the stability and conversion rate of the cyclic operation by a large-scale flat-tube SOEC are *** hundred cycles under pulsed current ranging from -100 to -300 mA/cm^(2) with a total operating time of about 800 h were carried *** results show that after 100 cycles,the cell voltage attenuates by 0.041%/cycle in the high current stage of−300 mA/cm^(2),indicating that the lifetime of the cell can reach up to about 500 *** total CO_(2) conversion rate reached 52%,which is close to the theoretical value of 54.3% at -300 mA/cm^(2),and the calculated efficiency approached 98.2%,assuming heat *** study illustrates the significant advantages of SOEC in efficient electrochemical energy conversion,carbon emission mitigation,and seasonal energy storage.

关键词： carbon dioxide cyclic electrolysis pulse current solid oxide electrolytic cells

Dual atomic catalysts from COF-derived carbon for CO_(2)RR by suppressing HER through synergistic effects

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Carbon Energy 2023年第6期5卷 92-103页

作者： Minghao Liu Sijia Liu Qing Xu Qiyang Miao Shuai Yang svenja Hanson George Zheng Chen Jun He Zheng Jiang Gaofeng Zeng CAS Key Laboratory of Low‐Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering Shanghai Advanced Research Institute(SARI)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)ShanghaiPeople's Republic of China Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingboPeople's Republic of China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople's Republic of China Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of ScienceShanghaiPeople's Republic of China Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of NottinghamNottinghamUK

The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)for highvalue-added products is a promising strategy to tackle excessive CO_(2) ***,the activity of and selectivity for catalysts for CO_(2)RR still need to be improved because of the competing reaction(hydrogen evolution reaction).In this study,for the first time,we have demonstrated dual atomic catalytic sites for CO_(2)RR from a core-shell hybrid of the covalent-organic framework and the metal-organic *** to abundant dual atomic sites(with CoN_(4)O and ZnN_(4) of 2.47 and 11.05 wt.%,respectively)on hollow carbon,the catalyst promoted catalysis of CO_(2)RR,with the highest Faradic efficiency for CO of 92.6%at-0.8 V and a turnover frequency value of 1370.24 h^(-1) at-1.0 *** importantly,the activity and selectivity of the catalyst were well retained for 30 *** theoretical calculation further revealed that CoN_(4)O was the main site for CO_(2)RR,and the activity of and selectivity for Zn sites were also improved because of the synergetic roles.

关键词： carbon dioxide reduction reaction covalent-organic frameworks dual atomic catalysts metal-organic frameworks single-atom catalysts

Apoplastic barriers of Populus×canescens roots in reaction to different cultivation conditions and abiotic stress treatments

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Stress Biology 2023年第1期3卷 269-282页

作者： Paul Grunhofer Ines Heimerich Lena Herzig svenja Pohl Lukas Schreiber Department of Ecophysiology Institute of Cellular and Molecular BotanyUniversity of BonnKirschallee 153115 BonnGermany

Populus is an important tree genus frequently cultivated for economical ***,the high sensitivity of poplars towards water deficit,drought,and salt accumulation significantly affects plant productivity and limits biomass *** cultivation and abiotic stress conditions have been described to significantly induce the formation of apoplastic barriers(Casparian bands and suberin lamellae)in roots of different monocotyledonous crop ***,this study aimed to investigate to which degree the roots of the dicotyledonous gray poplar(Populus×canescens)react to a set of selected cultivation conditions(hydroponics,aeroponics,or soil)and abiotic stress treatments(abscisic acid,oxygen deficiency)because a differing stress response could potentially help in explaining the observed higher stress *** apoplastic barriers of poplar roots cultivated in different environments were analyzed by means of histochemistry and gas chromatography and compared to the available literature on monocotyledonous crop ***,dicotyledonous poplar roots showed only a remarkably low induction or enhancement of apoplastic barriers in response to the different cultivation conditions and abiotic stress *** genetic optimization(e.g.,overexpression of biosynthesis key genes)of the apoplastic barrier development in poplar roots might result in more stress-tolerant cultivars in the future.

关键词： Hydroponics Aeroponics Soil Abscisic acid(ABA) Oxygen deficiency Poplar root suberin

Synthesis of a highly recoverable 3D MnO2/rGO hybrid aerogel for efficient adsorptive separation of pharmaceutical residue

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第8期34卷 194-203页

作者： Billie Yan Zhang Hiew Wan Ting Tee Nicholas Yung Li Loh Kar Chiew Lai svenja Hanson Suyin Gan Suchithra Thangalazhy-Gopakumar Lai Yee Lee Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham MalaysiaJalan Broga43500 SemenyihSelangor Darul EhsanMalaysia Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham Ningbo ChinaNingbo 315100China

Water contamination by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,such as acetaminophen,is an emerging ecological *** this study,a newthree-dimensionalmanganese dioxideengrafted reduced graphene oxide(3D MnO_(2)/rGO)hybrid aerogel was developed for acetaminophen *** synthesis involved firstly the self-assembly of GO aerogel,followed by thermal reduction and in-situ MnO_(2) growth by *** aerogel demonstrated interlinked planes with smooth surfaces deposited with MnO_(2) nanospheres and pores of 138.4–235.3μm *** influences of adsorbent dosage,initial pH,acetaminophen concentration,temperature and contact time were *** was determined that the adsorption of acetaminophen occurred on uniform sorption sites in the aerogel,as suggested by the best fit of data to the Langmuir isotherm,yielding a maximum adsorption capacity of 252.87 mg/*** highest adsorption performance of the 3D MnO_(2)/rGO aerogel was attained at a dosage of 0.6 g/L,initial pH of 6.2 and temperature of 40℃.The process kinetics were in-line with the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetics at 10 and 20–500 mg/L concentrations,*** assay showed the spontaneity and endothermicity features of the 3D MnO_(2)/rGO-acetaminophen *** acetaminophen adsorption mechanisms were mainly hydrogen bonding and pore ***,the as-synthesised aerogel was effectively regenerated using acetone and re-utilised in four adsorption-desorption ***,the results highly recommend the implementation of the 3D MnO_(2)/rGO hybrid aerogel for purification of wastewater polluted by acetaminophen residue.

关键词： Acetaminophen Adsorption Adsorption mechanism 3D reduced graphene oxide Manganese oxide nanoparticles Regeneration

Comparative effectiveness of medical treatment *** surgery for histologically proven non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis:a matched network meta-analysis

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2022年第5期11卷 696-708,I0008-I0011页

作者： Adrian T.Billeter Beatrice Reiners svenja E.Seide Pascal Probst Eva Kalkum Christian Rupp Beat P.Müller-Stich Department of General Visceral and Transplant SurgeryUniversity of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics University of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany The Study Center of the German Surgical Society(SDGC) HeidelbergGermany Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany

Background:Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)comprises a major healthcare problem affecting up to 30%of patients with obesity and the associated risk for cardiovascular and liver-related *** new drugs for NASH-treatment are currently *** study thus far directly compared surgical and non-surgical therapies for *** network meta-analysis compares for the first time the effectiveness of different therapies for NASH using a novel statistical ***:The study was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines for network ***,CENTRAL and Web of Science were searched without restriction of time or language using a validated search *** investigating therapies for NASH in adults with liver biopsies at baseline and after at least 12 months were *** with liver cirrhosis were *** of bias was assessed with ROB-2 and ROBINS-I-tools.A novel method for population-adjusted indirect comparison to include and compare single-arm trials was *** outcomes were NASH-resolution and improvement of ***:Out of 7,913 studies,twelve randomized non-surgical studies and twelve non-randomized surgical trials were ***-resolution after non-surgical intervention was 29%[95%confidence interval(CI):23-40%]and 79%(95%CI:72-88%)after *** network meta-analysis showed that surgery had a higher chance of NASH-resolution than medication[odds ratio(OR)=2.68;95%CI:1.44-4.97]while drug treatment was superior to placebo(OR=2.24;95%CI:1.55-3.24).Surgery(OR=2.18;95%CI:1.34-3.56)and medication(OR=1.79;95%CI:1.39-2.31)were equally effective to treat fibrosis compared to placebo without difference between *** results did not change when only new drugs specifically developed for the treatment of NASH were ***:Metabolic surgery has a higher effectiveness for NASH-therapy than medical therapy while both were equally effective regarding improvement of *** d

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) metabolic surgery fatty liver