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Pouteria campechiana leaf extract and its bioactive compound myricitrin are mosquitocidal against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第7期12卷 321-328页

作者： Raju Sangeetha Tamilselvan Pratheeba Chinnasamy Ragavendran Devarajan natarajan Natural Drug Research Laboratory Department of Biotechnology Periyar University

Objective: To test the mosquitocidal potential of leaf extracts of Pouteria campechiana prepared with different solvents and elucidate the structure of an isolated mosquitocidal compound. Methods: The leaf extracts of Pouteria campechiana prepared with three solvents(petroleum benzene, ethyl acetate and acetone) and potential bioactive fractions were tested against various stages of Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus by using the WHO protocols, and the chemical profile and its functional groups were identified by GC-MS and Fourier transmissioninfrared spectroscopy(FT-IR). The structure of bioactive compound was characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectral technique. Results: The preliminary phytochemical results revealed the presence of alkaloids, amino acids, flavonoids, quinones, saponins, steroids, tannins, and terpenoids in the acetone extract. A significant toxic potential was observed in the acetone extract against both Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. The acetone extract exhibits remarkable larvicidal(LC50: 12.232 μg/mL and LC90: 63.970 μg/mL), pupicidal(LC50: 18.949 μg/mL and LC90: 167.669 μg/m L) and adulticidal(LC50: 20.689 μg/mL and LC90: 72.881 μg/mL) effects against Aedes aegypti. Furthermore, the same extract was subjected to isolation of bioactive compound by GCMS and FT-IR analysis. GC-MS results showed the presence of 5 major compounds, and octacosane(18.440%) was detected as the predominant compound. The FT-IR result of acetone extract demonstrated the presence of various functional groups like alkanes/alkynes, ester, aromatic and amides. The NMR spectrum results of isolated compound were well matched to glycoside linked flavonoids. Based on the chromatography and spectral techniques the isolate molecule was identified as myricitrin by FT-IR and nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data. Conclusion: The isolated compound myricitrin possesses a significant toxic effect in all stages of Aedes aegypti and Culex qu

关键词： Pouteria campechiana Myricitrin Aedes aegypti Culex quinquefasciatus Mosquitocidal

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A Cell-Based Linear Smoothed Finite Element Method for Polygonal Topology Optimization

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第6期131卷 1615-1634页

作者： Changkye Lee Sundararajan natarajan Seong-Hoon Kee Jurng-Jae Yee University Core Research Center for Disaster-Free&Safe Ocean City Construction Dong-A UniversityBusan49315Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai600036India Department of Architectural Engineering Dong-A UniversityBusan49315Korea

The aim of this work is to employ a modified cell-based smoothed finite element method(S-FEM)for topology optimization with the domain discretized with arbitrary *** the present work,the linear polynomial basis function is used as the weight function instead of the constant weight function used in the standard *** improves the accuracy and yields an optimal convergence *** gradients are smoothed over each smoothing domain,then used to compute the stiffness *** the proposed scheme,an optimum topology procedure is conducted over the smoothing *** materials are distributed over each smoothing domain and the filtering scheme relies on the smoothing *** tests are carried out to pursue the performance of the proposed optimization by comparing convergence,efficiency and accuracy.

关键词： Smoothed finite element method linear smoothing function topology optimization solid isotropic material with penalization(SIMP) polygonal finite element cell

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Gymnema montanum improves endothelial function via inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress by activating Nrf2 signaling

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第8期10卷 379-386页

作者： Dornadula Sireesh natarajan Suganya Suvro Chatterjee Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar SRM Research Institute SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur-603203Tamil NaduIndia Department of Biotechnology School of BioengineeringSRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur-603203Tamil NaduIndia Vascular Biology Lab AU-KBC Research CentreAnna UniversityChromepetChennai-600044Tamil NaduIndia

Objective:To investigate the effects of Gymnema montanum leaf extract against endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress-induced toxicity in endothelial ***:The immortalized endothelial hybrid cell,***926 was treated with different concentrations of Gymnema montanum leaf extract(0–100μg/mL)and the ER stress inducer,*** cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT as well as lactate dehydrogenase and malondialdehyde levels were *** levels of ER stress markers,GRP78 and CHOP were analysed by Western blot *** Gymnema montanum leaf extract-mediated activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2)was assessed by cell-based luciferase enzyme fragment complementation assay and antioxidant responsive element driven luciferase reporter *** levels of phosphoproteins of the MAPK pathway were analyzed using the Bioplex ***:A dose-dependent cytoprotective effect of Gymnema montanum leaf extract was observed in tunicamycin-induced *** montanum leaf extract significantly reduced lactate dehydrogenase activity and malondialdehyde levels in ER stress-induced endothelial *** also suppressed ER stress markers dose dependently and inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK,ERK,MEK and p38 MAPK in tunicamycin-induced endothelial ***,Gymnema montanum leaf extract increased the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream targets in endothelial ***:Gymnema montanum leaf extract attenuates ER stress by increasing the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream genes.

关键词： ER stress Gymnema montanum Nrf2 Endothelial cells

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An innovative approach to minimize excess sludge production in sewage treatment using integrated bioreactors

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第5期30卷 67-77页

作者： Mahesh Mannacharaju Prabhakaran natarajan Arivizhivendhan Kannan Villalan Madasamy Jothieswari Swarnalatha Somasundaram Sekaran Ganesan Department of Environmental Science and Engineering CSIR–Central Leather Research Institute(CLRI)

The present investigation deals with an application of integrated sequential oxic and anoxic bioreactor（SOABR） and fluidized immobilized cell carbon oxidation（FICCO） reactor for the treatment of domestic wastewater with minimum sludge generation. The performance of integrated SOABR-FICCO system was evaluated on treating the domestic wastewater at hydraulic retention time（HRT） of 3 hr and 6 hr for 120 days at organic loading rate（OLR）of 191 ± 31 mg/（L·hr）. The influent wastewater was characterized by chemical oxygen demand（COD） 573 ± 93 mg/L; biochemical oxygen demand（BOD5） 197 ± 35 mg/L and total suspended solids（TSS） 450 ± 136 mg/L. The integrated SOABR-FICCO reactors have established a significant removal of COD by 94% ± 1%, BOD5 by 95% ± 0.6% and TSS by 95% ± 4% with treated domestic wastewater characteristics COD 33 ± 5 mg/L; BOD59 ± 0.8 mg/L and TSS 17 ± 9 mg/L under continuous mode of operation for 120 days. The mass of dry sludge generated from SOABR-FICCO system was 22.9 g/m3. The sludge volume index of sludge formed in the SOABR reactor was 32 mL/g and in FICCO reactor it was 46 mL/g. The sludge formed in SOABR and FICCO reactor was characterized by TGA, DSC and SEM analysis. Overall, the results demonstrated that the integrated SOABR-FICCO reactors substantially removed the pollution parameters from domestic wastewater with minimum sludge production.

关键词： Sequential oxic and anoxicbioreactor (SOABR) FICCO reactor Domestic wastewater Immobilized cell reactor

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Understanding the “Horizontal Dimension” of Molecular Evolution to Annotate, Classify, and Discover Proteins with Functional Domains

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2010年第1期25卷 82-94页

作者： Gloria Rendon Mao-Feng Ger Ruth Kantorovitz Shreedhar natarajan Jeffrey Tilson Eric Jakobsson National Center for Supercomputing Applications University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Center for Biophysics and Computational Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Department of Mathematics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Department of Biology University of Pennsylvania Renaissance Computing Institute

Protein evolution proceeds by two distinct processes： 1） individual mutation and selection for adaptive mutations and 2） rearrangement of entire domains within proteins into novel combinations, producing new protein families that combine functional properties in ways that previously did not exist. Domain rearrangement poses a challenge to sequence alignment-based search methods, such as BLAST, in predicting homology since the methodology implicitly assumes that related proteins primarily differ from each other by individual mutations. Moreover, there is ample evidence that the evolutionary process has used （and continues to use） domains as building blocks, therefore, it seems fit to utilize computational, domain-based methods to reconstruct that process. A challenge and opportunity for computational biology is how to use knowledge of evolutionary domain recombination to characterize families of proteins whose evolutionary history includes such recombination, to discover novel proteins, and to infer protein-protein interactions. In this paper we review techniques and databases that exploit our growing knowledge of “horizontal” protein evolution, and suggest possible areas of future development. We illustrate the power of the domain-based methods and the possible directions of future development by a case history in progress aiming at facilitating a particular approach to understanding microbial pathogenicity.

关键词： domain-based discovery domain-based orthology domain interactions InterPro MEME/MAST

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Computational identification and analysis of neurodegenerative disease associated protein kinases in hominid genomes

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Genes & Diseases 2016年第3期3卷 228-237页

作者： Saranya Jayapalan Devika sub.amanian Jeyakumar natarajan Data Mining and Text Mining Lab Department of BioinformaticsBharathiar UniversityCoimbatoreIndia

Protein kinases play an important role in the incidence of neurodegenerative *** their incidence in non-human primates is found to be very *** differences among the genomes might influence the disease *** present study deals with finding the genetic differences of protein kinases in humans and their three closest evolutionary partners chimpanzee,gorilla and orangutan for three neurodegenerative diseases namely,Alzheimer’s,Parkinson’s and Huntington’s *** total 47 human protein kinases associated with three neurodegenerative diseases and their orthologs from other three nonhuman primates were identified and analyzed for any possible susceptibility factors in *** sequence alignment and pairwise sequence alignment revealed that,18 human protein kinases including DYRK1A,RPS6KB1,and GRK6 contained significant indels and *** phosphorylation site analysis revealed that eight kinases including MARK2 and LTK contained sites of phosphorylation exclusive to human genomes which could be particular candidates in determining disease susceptibility between human and non-human *** pathway analysis of these eight kinases and their targets revealed that these kinases could have long range consequences in important signaling pathways which are associated with neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： Hominids Interaction analysis Neurodegenerative diseases Phosphorylation sites Protein kinases

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An artificial neural network based deep collocation method for the solution of transient linear and nonlinear partial differential equations

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 1296-1310页

作者： Abhishek MISHRA Cosmin ANITESCU Pattabhi Ramaiah BUDARAPU Sundararajan natarajan Pandu Rang VUNDAVILLI Timon RABCZUK School of Mechanical Sciences Indian Institute of TechnologyBhubaneswar 752050India Institute of Structural Mechanics Bauhaus University of WeimarWeimar 99423Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036India

A combined deep machine learning(DML)and collocation based approach to solve the partial differential equations using artificial neural networks is *** developed method is applied to solve problems governed by the Sine–Gordon equation(SGE),the scalar wave equation and *** methods are studied:one is a space-time formulation and the other is a semi-discrete method based on an implicit Runge–Kutta(RK)time *** methodology is implemented using the Tensorflow framework and it is tested on several numerical *** on the results,the relative normalized error was observed to be less than 5%in all cases.

关键词： collocation method artificial neural networks deep machine learning Sine-Gordon equation transient wave equation dynamic scalar and elasto-dynamic equation Runge-Kutta method

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Effect of Low Feed Rate FSP on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Extruded Cast 2285 Aluminum Alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2007年第5期23卷 614-618页

作者： L.Karthikeyan V.S.Senthilkumar D.Viswanathan S.natarajan Department of Mechanical Engineering Panimalar Engineering CollegeChennai-103TamilNaduIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering College of EngineeringAnna UniversityChennai-025TamilNaduIndia

Friction stir processing （FSP）, a variation of FSW （friction stir welding） is an emerging surface engineering technology that can locally eliminate casting defects and refine microstructures, thereby improving the mechanical properties of material. FSP can also produce fine grained microstructures through the thickness to impart superplasticity. The technology involves plunging a rapidly rotating, non consumable tool, comprising a profiled pin and larger diameter shoulder, into the surface and then traversing the tool across the surface. The pin and the shoulder friction heat the surface which alters the grain structure in the processed area thereby improving the mechanical properties. This paper presents the effects of FSP on microstructure and mechanical properties of extruded cast 2285 aluminum alloy at three different feed rates viz. 10, 12 and 15 mm/min. With the increase in the feed speed the material was observed to have increased impact strength. FSP also increased the tensile and yield strengths with increases in hardness and ductility values also. The observation has been listed in detail and pictorially represented.

关键词： Friction stir processing Feed rate Fine grain microstructure

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Investigation on mechanical properties of aluminium 7075-boron carbide-coconut shell fly ash reinforced hybrid metal matrix composites

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China Foundry 2018年第6期15卷 449-456页

作者： Balasubramani subramaniam Balaji natarajan Balasub.amanian Kaliyaperumal Samson Jerold Samuel Chelladurai Department of Mechanical Engineering Sri Eshwar College of EngineeringCoimbatore-641202Tamilnadulndia Department of Mechanical Engineering Sri Krishna College of Engineering and TechnologyCoimbatore-641008India

The present research work reports the fabrication and evaluation of the mechanical properties of hybrid aluminium matrix composites(HAMC). Aluminium 7075(Al7075) alloy was reinforced with particles of boron carbide(B_4 C) and coconut shell fly ash(CSFA). Al7075 matrix composites were fabricated by stir casting method. The samples of Al7075 HAMC were fabricated with different weight percentages of(0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 wt.%) B_4 C and 3 wt.% of CSFA. The mechanical properties discussed in this work are hardness, tensile strength, and impact strength. Hardness of the composites increased 33% by reinforcements of 12 wt.% B_4 C and 3 wt.% CSFA in aluminium 7075 alloy. The tensile strength of the composites increased 66% by the addition of 9 wt.% B_4 C and 3 wt.% CSFA in aluminium 7075 alloy. Further addition of reinforcements decreased the tensile strength of the composites. Elongation of the composites decreased while increasing B_4 C and CSFA reinforcements in the matrix. The impact energy of the composites increased up to 2.3 J with 9 wt.% B_4 C and 3 wt.% CSFA addition in aluminium alloy. Further addition of reinforcement decreased the impact strength of the composites. The optical micrographs disclosed the homogeneous distribution of reinforcement particles(B_4 C and CSFA) in Al7075 matrix. The homogeneously distributed B_4 C and CSFA particles added as reinforcement in the Al7075 alloy contributed to the improvement of hardness, tensile strength, and impact strength of the composites.

关键词： aluminium 7075 boron carbide fly ash casting hardness tensile strength impact energy

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Cytogenetic studies of chromium(Ⅲ) oxide nanoparticles on Allium cepa root tip cells

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第12期27卷 150-157页

作者： Deepak Kumar A.Rajeshwari Pradeep Singh Jadon Gouri Chaudhuri Anita Mukherjee natarajan Chandrasekaran Amitava Mukherjee Centre for Nanobiotechnology VIT University Centre of Advanced Study Department of BotanyUniversity of Calcutta

The current study evaluates the cytogenetic effects of chromium（Ⅲ） oxide nanoparticles on the root cells of Allium *** root tip cells of *** were treated with the aqueous dispersions of Cr2O3 nanoparticles（NPs） at five different concentrations（0.01,0.1,1,10,and 100 μg/m L） for 4 *** colloidal stability of the nanoparticle suspensions during the exposure period were ascertained by particle size *** 4 hr exposure to Cr2O3 NPs,a significant decrease in mitotic index（MI） from 35.56%（Control） to 35.26%（0.01 μg/m L）,34.64%（0.1 μg/m L）,32.73%（1 μg/m L）,29.6%（10 μg/m L） and 20.92%（100 μg/m L） was *** optical,fluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopic analyses demonstrated specific chromosomal aberrations such as-chromosome stickiness,chromosome breaks,laggard chromosome,clumped chromosome,multipolar phases,nuclear notch,and nuclear bud at different exposure *** concentration-dependent internalization/bio-uptake of Cr2O3 NPs may have contributed to the enhanced production of anti oxidant enzyme,superoxide dismutase to counteract the oxidative stress,which in turn resulted in observed chromosomal aberrations and cytogenetic *** results suggest that *** root tip assay can be successfully applied for evaluating environmental risk of Cr2O3 NPs over a wide range of concentrations.

关键词： A.cepa Bio-uptake Chromosomal aberration C2O3 nanoparticles Mitotic index SOD

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