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Exploring the percentage of COVID-19 cases reported in the community in Canada and associated case fatality ratios

Infectious Disease Modelling 2021年第1期6卷 123-132页

作者： Brendan P.Dougherty Ben a.smith Carolee A.Carson Nicholas H.Ogden Centre for Food-borne and Environmental Zoonotic Infectious Diseases Public Health Agency of Canada370 Speedvale Ave W.GuelphONN1H 7M7Canada Public Health Risk Sciences Division National Microbiology LaboratoryPublic Health Agency of Canada370 Speedvale Ave W.GuelphONN1H 7M7Canada Public Health Risk Sciences Division National Microbiology LaboratoryPublic Health Agency of CanadaSt.HyacintheQCJ2S 2M2Canada

While surveillance can identify changes in COVID-19 transmission patterns over time and space,sections of the population at risk,and the efficacy of public health measures,reported cases of COVID-19 are generally understood to only capture a subset of the actual number of *** primary objective was to estimate the percentage of cases reported in the general community,considered as those that occurred outside of long-term care facilities(LTCFs),in specific provinces and Canada as a *** applied a methodology using the delay-adjusted case fatality ratio(CFR)to all cases and deaths,as well as those representing the general *** second objective was to assess whether the assumed CFR(mean=1.38%)was appropriate for calculating underestimation of cases in *** were developed for the period from March 11th,2020 to September 16th,*** of the percentage of cases reported(PrCR)and CFR varied spatially and temporally across *** the majority of provinces,and for Canada as a whole,the PrCR increased through the early stages of the *** estimated PrCR in general community settings for all of Canada increased from 18.1%to 69.0%throughout the entire study *** were greater when considering only those data from outside of *** estimated upper bound CFR in general community settings for all of Canada decreased from 9.07%on March 11th,2020 to 2.00%on September 16th,***,the true CFR in the general community in Canada was likely less than 2%on September *** to our analysis,some provinces,such as Alberta,Manitoba,Newfoundland and Labrador,Nova Scotia,and Saskatchewan reported a greater percentage of cases as of September 16th,compared to British Columbia,Ontario,and *** could be due to differences in testing rates and criteria,demographics,socioeconomic factors,race,and access to healthcare among the *** investigation into these factors could reveal differences among provinc

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Underestimation Coronavirus disease Long term care facilities Case fatality ratio

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Utilization of RNA sequencing to investigate olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps:A pilot study

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 29-36页

作者： Jorge A.Gutierrez III Jeremy L.Barth Rodney J.Schlosser Thomas S.Edwards Timothy L.smith Zachary M.Soler Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Department of Regenerative Medicine&Cell Biology Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA

Objectives:Prior research on olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)has focused on patients with polyps and suggests that direct inflammation of the olfactory cleft mucosa plays a contributory *** purpose of this study was to evaluate gene expression in superior turbinate mucosal specimens,comparing normosmic and dysosmic CRS patients without polyps(CRSsNP).Methods:Tissue samples were obtained from the superior turbinates of patients with CRSsNP at the time of endoscopic sinus *** subsequently underwent RNA sequencing and functional analysis to investigate biological pathways associated with differentially expressed genes between dysosmic(n=7)and normosmic(n=4)***:Differential gene expression analysis comparing dysosmic and normosmic CRSsNP patients showed upregulation of 563 genes and downregulation of 327 *** stringent criteria for multiple comparisons,one upregulated gene(Immediate Early Response 3[IER3])had an false discovery rate(FDR)correction adjustedP value considered statistically significant(P<0.001,fold change 2.69).Reactome functional analysis revealed eight biological pathways significantly different between dysosmic and normosmic patients(P<0.05,FDR correction)including IL-4 and IL-13 signaling,IL-10 signaling,and rhodopsin-like ***:RNA sequencing of the superior turbinates in patients with CRSsNP can provide valuable information regarding biological pathways and genes involved in olfactory *** study supports literature suggesting that Type 2 inflammation may play a role in olfactory dysfunction in at least some patients with *** study also prompts questions regarding the role of IL-10,rhodopsin-like receptors,andIER3 in the pathogenesis of olfactory dysfunction.

关键词： chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps olfactory dysfunction RNA sequencing

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Impact of COVID-19 on Safety Performance for Motorcycles: Pre-and during-Pandemic Conditions

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Journal of Transportation Technologies 2024年第3期14卷 390-401页

作者： Hongyun Chen Amelia Lawson Charles Hurda Madalyn smith Tate Grant Civil Engineering Department Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Daytona Beach FL USA

Florida has the highest number of motorcycle fatalities in the United States and contains the second largest population of registered motorcycles. The COVID-19 pandemic influenced the roads, traffic, and driving behavior in the continental United States. Motorcycle crashes decreased during the COVID-19 years (2020 and 2021) while the fatality rates increased. The purpose of this study is to 1) investigate motorcycle crashes before and during the Pandemic period to understand the impacts on motorcycle safety and contributing factors to the crash severity levels;2) develop the crash predictive model for different degrees of severity in motorcycle crashes in Florida. Florida statewide crash data were collected. T tests have been conducted to compare the contributing factors between two periods. The injury severities are significantly different among all five levels between those during normal period and the Pandemic period. A crash predictive model has been developed to determine the facts to injury severity levels for motorcycle crashes. A total of eight variables are found to significantly increase the injury severity levels for motorcycle crashes during the Pandemic period.

关键词： Motorcycle Crash Pandemic Injury Severity Contributing Factors

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Electron transfer mediator PCN secreted by aerobic marine Pseudomonas aeruginosa accelerates microbiologically influenced corrosion of TC4 titanium alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第20期79卷 101-108页

作者： Dan Liu Hongying Yang Jianhui Li Jiaqi Li Yizhe Dong Chuntian Yang Yuting Jin Lekbach Yassir Zhong Li David Hernandez Dake Xu Fuhui Wang Jessica a.smith Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-Net Forming Technology Hebei University of Science and TechnologyShijiazhuang050018China Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China School of Metallurgy Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819China Department of Biomolecular Sciences Central Connecticut State University1615 Stanley StreetNew Britain06050USA

Titanium alloys possess excellent corrosion resistance in marine environments,thus the possibility of their corrosion caused by marine microorganisms is *** this work,microbiologically influenced corrosion(MIC)of TC4 titanium alloy caused by marine Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated through electrochemical and surface characterizations during a 14-day immersion *** revealed that the unstable surface caused by *** resulted in exposure of Ti_(2)O_(3) and severe pitting corrosion with maximum pit depth of 5.7μm after 14 days of ***-1-carboxylate(PCN),secreted by ***,promoted extracellular electron transfer(EET)and accelerated *** of the phzH gene,which codes for the enzyme that catalyzes PCN production,from the *** genome,resulted in significantly decreased rates of *** results demonstrate that TC4 titanium alloy is not immune to marine MIC,and EET contributes to the corrosion of TC4 titanium alloy caused by ***.

关键词： Titanium alloy Microbiologically influenced corrosion Pseudomonas aeruginosa Extracellular electron transfer Phenazine-1-carboxylate Genetic modification

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Different outer membrane c‐type cytochromes are involved in direct interspecies electron transfer to Geobacter or Methanosarcina species

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mLife 2022年第3期1卷 272-286页

作者： Dawn E.Holmes Jinjie Zhou Jessica a.smith Caiqin Wang Xinying Liu Derek R.Lovley Department of Microbiology University of Massachusetts‐AmherstAmherstMassachusettsUSA Department of Physical and Biological Science Western New England UniversitySpringfieldMassachusettsUSA Institute for Advanced Study Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina Department of Biomolecular Sciences Central Connecticut State UniversityNew BritainConnecticutUSA College of Environment Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhouChina College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina.

Direct interspecies electron transfer(DIET)may be most important in methanogenic environments,but mechanistic studies of DIET to date have primarily focused on cocultures in which fumarate was the terminal electron *** better understand DIET with methanogens,the transcriptome of Geobacter metallireducens during DIET‐based growth with *** reducing fumarate was compared with *** grown in coculture with diverse *** transcriptome of *** cocultured with *** was significantly different from those with ***,the transcriptome of *** grown with Methanosarcina barkeri,which lacks outer‐surface c‐type cytochromes,differed from those of *** cocultured with *** or ***,which have an outer‐surface c‐type cytochrome that serves as an electrical connect for *** in *** expression patterns for genes involved in extracellular electron transfer were particularly *** with c‐type cytochrome deletion mutant strains,ΔGmet_0930,ΔGmet_0557 andΔGmet_2896,never became established with *** but adapted to grow with all three *** porin–cytochrome complexes,PccF and PccG,were important for DIET;however,PccG was more important for growth with *** cocultures with *** and ***,electrically conductive pili were not needed for growth with *** oneidensis,another electroactive microbe with abundant outer‐surface c‐type cytochromes,did not grow via *** results demonstrate that the presence of outer‐surface c‐type cytochromes does not necessarily confer the capacity for DIET and emphasize the impact of the electron‐accepting partner on the physiology of the electron‐donating DIET partner.

关键词： c‐type cytochrome direct interspecies electron transfer(DIET) extracellular electron transfer Geobacter Methanosarcina

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Temporal and spatial comparisons of angiosperm diversity between eastern Asia and North America

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National Science Review 2022年第6期9卷 38-42页

作者： Haihua Hu Jianfei Ye Bing Liu Lingfeng Mao Stephen a.smith Russell L.Barrett Pamela S.Soltis Douglas E.Soltis Zhiduan Chen Limin Lu State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Botanical Garden Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Biology and the Environment Nanjing Forestry University Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan National Herbarium of New South Wales Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Department of Biology University of Florida

Comparative approaches that examine floras with similar environments, but different diversity patterns, provide good opportunities to elucidate how uneven distributions of biodiversity were assembled. Eastern Asia(EA) and North America north of Mexico(NA; see definitions of EA and NA in Fig. S1 A) share similar geographical environments with comparable latitude, land area and climate,

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Chemical vapor deposition growth of phase-selective inorganic lead halide perovskite films for sensitive photodetectors

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第1期32卷 489-492页

作者： Weilong Xu Mengsi Niu Xiaoyu Yang Haiyue Chen Xiaohong Cai Trevor a.smith Kenneth PGhiggino Xiaotao Hao School of Photoelectric Engineering Changzhou Institute of TechnologyChangzhou 213002China School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong UniversityJi'nan 250100China ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science School of ChemistryThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoria 3010Australia

Inorganic lead halide perovskites are attractive optoelectronic materials owing to their relative stability compared to organic cation *** chemical vapor deposition(CVD) method offers potential for high quality perovskite film *** deposition temperature is a critical parameter determining the film quality owing to the melting difference between the ***,perovskite films were deposited by the CVD method at various temperatures between 500-800℃.The perovskite phase converts from CsPb_(2)Br_(5) to CsPbBr_(3) gradually as the deposition temperature is *** grain size of the perovskite films also increases with *** phase transition mechanism was *** photoexcited state dynamics were investigated by spatially and temporally resolved fluorescence *** perovskite film deposited under 750℃ condition is of the CsPbBr_(3) phase,showing low trap-state density and large crystalline grain size.A photodetector based on perovskite films shows high photocurrent and an on/off ratio of ~2.5×10^(4).

关键词： Chemical vapor deposition Inorganic perovskite Phase-selective Photodetector Photophysical dynamics

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Aerosol jet printing of surface acoustic wave microfluidic devices

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 231-242页

作者： Joseph Rich Brian Cole Teng Li Brandon Lu Hanyu Fu Brittany N.smith Jianping Xia Shujie Yang Ruoyu Zhong James L.Doherty Kanji Kaneko Hiroaki Suzuki Zhenhua Tian Aaron D.Franklin Tony Jun Huang Department of Biomedical Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVA 24061USA Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Deptartment of Precision Mechanics Faculty of Science and EngineeringChuo UniversityTokyo 112-8551Japan Department of Chemistry Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA

The addition of surface acoustic wave(SAW)technologies to microfluidics has greatly advanced lab-on-a-chip applications due to their unique and powerful attributes,including high-precision manipulation,versatility,integrability,biocompatibility,contactless nature,and rapid ***,the development of SAW microfluidic devices is limited by complex and time-consuming micro/nanofabrication techniques and access to cleanroom facilities for multistep photolithography and vacuum-based *** simplify the fabrication of SAW microfluidic devices with customizable dimensions and functions,we utilized the additive manufacturing technique of aerosol jet *** successfully fabricated customized SAW microfluidic devices of varying materials,including silver nanowires,graphene,and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS).To characterize and compare the acoustic actuation performance of these aerosol jet printed SAW microfluidic devices with their cleanroom-fabricated counterparts,the wave displacements and resonant frequencies of the different fabricated devices were directly measured through scanning laser Doppler ***,to exhibit the capability of the aerosol jet printed devices for lab-on-a-chip applications,we successfully conducted acoustic streaming and particle concentration ***,we demonstrated a novel solution-based,direct-write,single-step,cleanroom-free additive manufacturing technique to rapidly develop SAW microfluidic devices that shows viability for applications in the fields of biology,chemistry,engineering,and medicine.

关键词： printing wave fluid

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A randomized controlled trial of Promoting Physical Activity in Regional and Remote Cancer Survivors(PPARCS)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 81-89页

作者： Sarah J.Hardcastle Chloe Maxwell-smith Vinicius Cavalheri Terry Boyle Marta Leyton Román Cameron Platell Michael Levitt Christobel Saunders Frank Sardelic Sophie Nightingale Jacob McCormick Craig Lynch Paul A.Cohen Max Bulsara Dana Hince Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldS102BPUK Institute for Health Research The University of Notre DameFremantleWA 6959Australia Curtin School of Population Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Curtin School of Allied Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Allied Health South Metropolitan Health ServiceMurdochWA 6150Australia Australian Centre for Precision Health University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5001Australia Department of Didactics of Musical Plastic and Body ExpressionUniversity of ExtremaduraCaceres 10071Spain St.John of God Subiaco Hospital PerthWA 6008Australia Department of Surgery University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia Tamara Private Hospital TamworthNSW 2340Australia Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre MelbourneVIC 3000Australia College of Health and Medicine Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2600Australia Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia

Background:Physical activity(PA)is important for cancer *** of remotely delivered interventions are needed to assist in reaching under-served non-metropolitan cancer *** objective of this study was to ascertain whether wearable technology,coupled with health coaching was effective in increasing PA in breast and colorectal cancer survivors living in regional and remote areas in ***:Cancer survivors from 5 states were randomized to intervention and control *** participants were given a Fitbit Charge 2TMand received up to 6 telephone health coaching *** participants received PA print *** assessments at baseline and 12 weeks measured moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA),light PA,and sedentary ***:Eighty-seven participants were recruited(age=63±11 years;74(85%)female).There was a significant net improvement in MVPA of 49.8 min/week,favoring the intervention group(95%confidence interval(95%CI):13.6-86.1,p=0.007).There was also a net increase in MVPA bouts of 39.5 min/week(95%CI:11.9-67.1,p=0.005),favoring the intervention *** groups improved light PA and sedentary behavior,but there were no between-group ***:This’s the first study to demonstrate that,when compared to standard practice(i.e.,PA education),a wearable technology intervention coupled with distance-based health coaching,improves MVPA in non-metropolitan cancer *** results display promise for the use of scalable interventions using smart wearable technology in conjunction with phone-based health coaching to foster increased PA in geographically disadvantaged cancer survivors.

关键词： Behavior change Exercise Health disparities Oncology Wearable technology

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New Oligomers For UV/EB Curable Laminating Adhesives

New Oligomers For UV/EB Curable Laminating Adhesives

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全国辐射固化研讨会2002

作者： Deborah a.smith Bo Yang（Speaker） Sartomer Company Exton PennsylvaniaUSA Sartomer Company Exton PennsylvaniaUSA

＜正＞ The request for UV curable laminating adhesives has rapidly been increasing. Therefore, a better understanding of the cure mechanism based on photoinitiator and lamps were investigated for two different laminating adhesives. UV curable laminating adhesive formulations were prepared using a series of designed experiments with various substrates including PE, PET, OPP, metalized PET, paper and foil. Clear film laminations were studied by looking at a series of photoinitiators and lamps for UV cure. The film was corona treated and failure was determined by the point at which the film could be separated and not torn.

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