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Mapping informal settlement indicators using object-oriented analysis in the Middle East

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第7期12卷 802-824页

作者： Ahmad Fallatah simon jones David Mitchell Divyani Kohli School of Science RMIT UniversityMelbourneAustralia Faculty for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation(ITC) University of TwenteEnschedeThe Netherlands

Mapping informal settlements is crucial for resource and utility management and *** 2003,the UN-Habitat developed a process for mapping and monitoring urban inequality to support reporting against the sustainable development goals(SDGs).Informal settlement indicators are used as a framework to carry out image analysis,and include vegetation extent,lacunarity of housing structures/vacant land,road segment type and materials,texture measures of built-up areas,roofing extent of built-up areas and dwelling *** image analysis(OBIA)methods are recommended to identify informal *** paper documents the application of OBIA to map informal settlements,drawing on the ontology of Kohli et al.(2012)and the indicators of Owen and Wong(2013)for a Middle Eastern *** informal settlements with different land use histories were selected to represent old and new informal settlements in the city of Jeddah,Saudi *** extent was the most successful indicator detected,with 100% producer accuracy and over 84% user accuracy,followed by the road network,with 84% producer and user accuracies in older informal settlements and 73% producer accuracy and 96% user accuracy across all case *** of housing structures/vacant land was detected well in informal *** texture measure indicator was detected using GLCM_(Ent)(R)with low producer accuracy across all case *** roofing extent of the built-up area is detected with better producer and user accuracies than texture *** dwellings size indicator generally failed to distinguish formal from informal *** and formal were distinguished with an overall accuracy of 83%.This research concludes that OBIA is a useful method to map informal settlement indicators in Middle Eastern ***,a generic ruleset for mapping informal settlements remains elusive,and each indicator requires significant localised‘tuning’.

关键词： Informal settlement objectbased image analysis(OBIA) sustainable development goals informal indicators high spatial resolution imagery Middle Eastern cities

Advances in active fire detection using a multi-temporal method for next-generation geostationary satellite data

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第9期12卷 1030-1045页

作者： Bryan Hally Luke Wallace Karin Reinke simon jones Andrew Skidmore School of Science RMIT UniversityMelbourneAustralia Bushfire and Natural Hazards Cooperative Research Centre MelbourneAustralia Faculty for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation(ITC) University of TwenteEnschedeNetherlands Department of Environmental Science Macquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia

A vital component of fire detection from remote sensors is the accurateestimation of the background temperature of an area in fire’s absence,assisting in identification and attribution of fire activity. Newgeostationary sensors increase the data available to describebackground temperature in the temporal domain. Broad area methodsto extract the expected diurnal cycle of a pixel using this temporally richdata have shown potential for use in fire detection. This paper describesan application of a method for priming diurnal temperature fitting ofimagery from the Advanced Himawari Imager. The BAT method is usedto provide training data for temperature fitting of target pixels, to whichthresholds are applied to detect thermal anomalies in 4 μm imageryover part of Australia. Results show the method detects positive thermalanomalies with respect to the diurnal model in up to 99% of caseswhere fires are also detected by Low Earth Orbiting (LEO) satellite activefire products. In absence of LEO active fire detection, but where aburned area product recorded fire-induced change, this method alsodetected anomalous activity in up to 75% of cases. Potentialimprovements in detection time of up to 6 h over LEO products are alsodemonstrated.

关键词： Fire detection diurnal variation geostationary sensors broad area training advanced himawari imager

Estimation of the Volume of Coarse Woody Debris in Eucalyptus Forest using LiDAR Derived Forest Structure Variables

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2013年第8期2卷 501-506页

作者： Naoko Miura Susumu Goto simon jones Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences the University of Tokyo Tokyo 113-8657 Japan School of Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences RMIT University Melbourne Victoria 3001 Australia

CWD （coarse woody debris） plays an important role in nutrient cycling, habitat for species and more recently carbon accounting in forest ecosystems. LiDAR （light detection and ranging） technology has demonstrated utility in capturing forest structure information. This paper proposes an indirect method of assessing downed CWD using LiDAR derived forest structure variables. Fieldwork was conducted to measure CWD volume in an Eucalyptus forest in Tasmania. A GLM （generalized linear model） to statistically estimate CWD volume in the Eucalyptus forest was developed using a LiDAR derived FCS （forest characterisation scheme）： the openings above the ground, low and medium vegetation, canopy cover, presence of understorey and mid-storey vegetation and high trees, and the vertical canopy density of high trees. Five structural variables were selected for the best model based on AIC （Akaike＇s Information Criterion） by stepwise selection. The applicability of the model was then compared to the outcome of model using field derived variables such as diameter at breast height of trees. The results show that the model using LiDAR derived variables better estimated the amount of CWD. It is concluded that LiDAR derived forest structural variables has the potential to predict the amount of downed CWD in Eucalyptus forest.

关键词： CWD (Coarse woody debris) LiDAR (light detection and ranging) forest generalized liner model.

Predicting Levels of Crude Protein, Digestibility, Lignin and Cellulose in Temperate Pastures Using Hyperspectral Image Data

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第7期5卷 997-1019页

作者： Susanne Thulin Michael J. Hill Alex Held simon jones Peter Woodgate AusCover CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Canberra Australia Cooperative Research Centre for Spatial Information Carlton Australia Department of Earth System Science and Policy University of North Dakota Grand Forks USA Department of Geospatial Sciences RMIT Univer-sity Melbourne Australia Department of Geospatial Sciences RMIT University Melbourne Australia Brockmann-Geomatics Sweden AB Kista Sweden

Hyperspectral sensors provide the potential for direct estimation of pasture feed quality attributes. However, remote sensing retrieval of digestibility and fibre (lignin and cellulose) content of vegetation has proven to be challenging since tissue optical properties may not be propagated to the canopy level in mixed cover types. In this study, partial least squares regression on spectra from HyMap and Hyperion imagery were used to construct predictive models for estimation of crude protein, digestibility, lignin and cellulose concentration in temperate pastures. HyMap and Hyperion imagery and field spectra were collected over four pasture sites in southern Victoria, Australia. Co-incident field samples were analyzed with wet chemistry methods for crude protein, lignin and cellulose concentration, and digestibility was calculated from fiber determinations. Spectral data were subset based on sites and time of year of collection. Reflectance spectra were extracted from the hyperspectral imagery and collated for analysis. Six different transformations including derivatives and continuum removal were applied to the spectra to enhance absorption features sensitive to the quality attributes. The transformed reflectance spectra were then subjected to partial least squares regression, with full cross-validation “leave-one-out” technique, against the quality attributes to assess effects of the spectral transformations and post-atmospheric smoothing techniques to construct predictive models. Model performance between spectrometers, subsets and attributes were assessed using a coefficient of variation (CV), —the interquantile (IQ) range of the attribute values divided by the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) from the models. The predictive models with the highest CVs were obtained for digestibility for all spectra types, with HyMap the highest. However, models with slightly lower CVs were obtained for crude protein, lignin and cellulose. The spectral regions for di

关键词： Pasture Quality Crude Protein Digestibility Lignin Cellulose Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Partial-Least Squares Regression

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船上厨房自动化

内燃机船 2001年第8期 27-28页

作者： simon jones

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通信局从岸上移到船上

内燃机船 2001年第8期 29-31页

作者： simon jones

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无凸轮柴油机正风行一时

内燃机船 2001年第8期 21-21页

作者： simon jones

Acupuncture transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation reduces discomfort associated with barostat-induced rectal distension:A randomized-controlled study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第3期19卷 381-388页

作者： Wing-Wa Leung Alice YM jones simon SM Ng Cherry YN Wong Janet FY Lee Department of Rehabilitation Sciences The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomHong Kong 999077China Faculty of Health Sciences The University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Division of Colorectal Surgery Department of SurgeryThe Chinese University of Hong KongPrince of Wales HospitalShatinHong Kong 999077China

AIM:To explore the effectiveness of acupuncture transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(Acu-TENS), a non-invasive modality in reduction of rectal discomfort during barostat-induced rectal distension. METHODS:Forty healthy subjects were randomized to receive 45 min of either Acu-TENS or placebo-TENS(no electrical output)over acupuncture points Hegu(largeintestine 4),Neiguan(pericardium 6)and Zusanli(stomach 36).A balloon catheter attached to a dual-drive barostat machine was then inserted into the subjects'rectum.A step-wise(4 mmHg)increase in balloon pressure was induced until maximal tolerable or 48 *** analogue scale and a 5-point subjective discomfort scale(no perception,first per-ception of distension,urge to defecate,discomfort/ pain and extreme pain)were used to assess rectal discomfort at each distension *** beta-endorphin levels were measured before,immediately after intervention,at 24 mmHg and at maximal toler- able distension pressure. RESULTS:There was no difference in the demographic data and baseline plasma beta-endorphin levels between the two *** threshold levels were higher in the Acu-TENS group when compared to the placebo group,but the difference reached statistical significance only at the sensations"urge to defecate"and"pain".The distension pressures recorded at the"urge to defecate"sensation for the Acu-TENS and placebo-TENS groups were 28.0±4.5 mmHg and 24.6±5.7 mmHg,respectively(P=0.043);and the pressures recorded for the"pain"sensation for these two groups were 36.0±4.2 mmHg and 30.5± 4.3 mmHg respectively(P=0.002).Compared to the placebo group,a higher number of participants in the Acu-TENS group tolerated higher distension pressures (>40 mmHg)(65%in Acu-TENS vs 25%in placebo, P=0.02).The plasma beta-endorphin levels of the Acu-TENS group were significantly higher than that of the placebo group at barostat inflation pressure of 24 mmHg(1.31±0.40 ng/mL vs 1.04±0.43 ng/mL,P= 0.044)and at maximal inflation p

关键词： Colonoscopy Rectal discomfort Transcu-taneous electrical nerve stimulation Acupuncture Visceral pain

Analyses on the climate change responses over China under SRES B2 scenario using PRECIS

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2006年第18期51卷 2260-2267页

作者： XU Yinlong ZHANG Yong LIN Erda LIN Wantao DONG Wenjie Richard jones David Hassell simon Wilson Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China National Climate Center Beijing 100081 China Met Office Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research Exeter EXI 3PB UK

The PRECIS,a regional climate model system developed at the UK Met Office Hadley Cen- tre for Climate Prediction and Research,which is nested in one-way mode within the HadAM3P,a higher-resolution version of the atmospheric com- ponent of the Hadley Centre climate model HadCM3,is employed to simulate the baseline (1961—1990) climate for evaluation of model’s capacity of simu- lating present climate and analyze the future climate change responses in the time-slice of 2071—2100 (2080s) under SRES B2 scenario over China relative to baseline average. It is indicated from the com- parison of the simulated baseline climate with in situ observation that PRECIS can simulate the local dis- tribution characteristics of surface air temperature over China quite well; generally speaking,the simu- lation for precipitation in the north of China and in winter is better than in the south of China and in summer,respectively; the simulation of precipitation in summer is sensitive to topography,and the simu- lated precipitation values are lower than observations over southeast coastal areas. It is shown from the analyses on the simulated climate change responses in 2080s under SRES B2 scenario relative to base- line that there would be an obvious surface air tem- perature increase in the north of China relative to that in the south of China,and especially in Northwest China and Northeast China,the amplitude ofsummer mean surface air temperature increments could reach 5℃; there would be an overall increase of the simulated precipitation in 2080s under SRES B2 scenario over most areas of China,while there would be significant precipitation decreases in South China in winter; there would be obvious precipitation decreases in Northeast China and North China in summer with high surface air temperature increase. However,it presents an obvious precipitation in- crease over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in summer.

关键词：地面气温降水 PRECIS 气候变化中国