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An electropenetrography waveform library for the probing and ingestion behaviors of Culex tarsalis on human hands

Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1165-1186页

作者： Anastasia M.W.Cooper Samuel B.Jameson Victoria Pickens Cameron Osborne Elaine A.Backus Kristopher silver Dana n.Mitzel Department of Entomology Kansas State UniversityManhattanKansasUSA Department of Tropical Medicine Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical MedicineNew OrleansLos AngelesUSA USDA Agricultural Research Service San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences CenterParlierCaliforniaUSA national Bio and Agro-Defense Facility USDA Agricultural Research ServiceManhattanKansasUSA

Culex tarsalis Coquillett(Diptera:Culicidae)mosquitoes are capable of vectoring numerous pathogens affecting public and animal ***,the probing behaviors of mosquitoes are poorly understood because they occur in opaque ***(EPG)has the potential to elucidate these behaviors by recording the electrical signals generated during *** used an AC–DC EPG with variable input resistors(Ri levels)to construct a waveform library for *** feeding on human *** events associated with mosquito probing were used to characterize waveforms at four Ri levels and with two electrical current *** optimal settings for EPG recordings of *** probing on human hands was an Ri level of 10^(7)Ohms using an applied signal of 150 millivolts alternating *** for *** included those previously observed and associated with probing behaviors in Aedes aegypti L.(Diptera:Culicidae):waveform families J(surface salivation),K(stylet penetration through the skin),L(types 1 and 2,search for a blood vessel/ingestion site),M(types 1 and 2,ingestion),n(type 1,an unknown behavior which may be a resting and digestion phase),and W(withdrawal).However,we also observed variations in the waveforms not described in ***,which we named types L3,M3,M4,and *** investigation enhances our understanding of mosquito probing *** also provides a new tool for the automated calculation of peak *** work will facilitate future pathogen acquisition and transmission studies and help identify new pest and disease management targets.

关键词： AC-DC blood feeders electrical penetration graph EPG human hands mosquitoes waveform library

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Improvement of Activities of Daily Living (ADL) for Patients Treated in Skilled nursing Facilities (SnFs)

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Open Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation 2024年第1期12卷 61-69页

作者： Jaden A. silver Sean R. silver Samueli School of Engineering University of California Los Angeles USA

Background: Self-care tasks or activities of daily living (ADL)’s performance are often disrupted after an older adult sustains an injury or illness, which can be a determining factor for discharge placement after hospitalization, or it can determine the level of assistance required after discharge from a skilled nursing facility (SnF). We believe that comprehensive rehabilitation can improve a patient’s overall functioning during their short term stay in SnFs. The purpose of this study is to determine if an individual’s level of independence improved after admission to a skilled nursing facility and procurement of rehabilitation services. Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed 4612 nursing home patients in California who underwent rehabilitative services at skilled nursing facilities to determine how the patients responded to their environments, therapy interventions, and any other additional supportive measures. The records of patients who were admitted for short-term rehabilitation were reviewed in a blinded fashion, looking specifically at Section GG of the Minimum Data Set (MDS). Self-Care Section GG scores recorded by rehabilitative staff provide objective data and measure patients’ levels of assistance that were required. Each activity is scored from 1, being completely dependent, to 6, being entirely independent, with varying levels of assistance with scores in between. The admission scores versus the discharge scores can be compared to determine if a patient improved their level of functioning upon discharge. Results: Utilizing the Pearson’s correlation coefficient, a strong correlation of improvement in ADL performance on Section GG between the admission and discharge scores was identified, implying significant improvement in functional independence upon discharge. The average percent improvement for Managed Care patients was ~35.4% and ~39.4% for Medicare patients. Conclusions: The results support the benefits of rehabilitation services in skilled n

关键词： Activities of Daily Living Skilled nursing Facilities Rehabilitation Independent Living

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Langmuir-Schaefer Film Investigation and Density Functional Theory Band Gap Calculations of Calix[n]arene-Para-Aminobenzoic Acid for Drug nanosensor Application

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第5期39卷 1311-1318页

作者： WOnG Yeong Yi F L Supian A Radzwan M Musa n F n Abd Karim Department of Physics Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia Department of Chemistry Sultan Idris Education UniversityTanjong Malim 35900Malaysia

Calix[n]arenes was utilized to detect PABA,the primary sunscreen *** study investigates the interaction of calix[4]arene(C4),calix[6]arene(C6),and PABA using the Langmuir method and first-principle density functional theory(DFT).Using the Langmuir-Schaefer(LS)technique,an ultrathin film composed of calix[n]arenes and their complexes with PABA was deposited on various *** on the Langmuir study,the PABA molecule was bonded to the lower rims of both C4 and C6 with the host-guest ratio of 1:*** of the LS films formed were then characterized by ultravioletvisible spectroscopy(UV-Vis),Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and carbon,hydrogen,nitrogen,sulfur elemental analyzer(CHnS).The band gap reduction obtained in the DFT study denotes the charge transfer interaction with promising reactivity between the calix[n]arenes and *** sensing of PABA by C4 and C6 is successful based on the formation of bonding between them due to the hosts’effective trapping *** outcomes of this study could be applied to drug delivery systems for future pharmaceutical and medical applications.

关键词： calix[n]arenes band gap density functional theory Langmuir-Schaefer PABA sensor

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内镜下CO2激光环咽肌切开术的适应证

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中国医学文摘（耳鼻咽喉科学） 2016年第1期31卷 21-24页

作者： silver n Gal TJ 江玲燕(校) 无不详科医人医疗激光公司首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科

1简介环咽肌（cricopharyngeus,CP）是由咽下缩肌下缘的横行纤维组成,是食管上括约肌（the upper esophageal sphincter,UES）的主要组成部分。静息状态下,CP适当收缩,而吞咽时则适当放松。由于神经源性功能障碍或纤维化导致吞咽时CP不... 详细信息

1简介环咽肌（cricopharyngeus,CP）是由咽下缩肌下缘的横行纤维组成,是食管上括约肌（the upper esophageal sphincter,UES）的主要组成部分。静息状态下,CP适当收缩,而吞咽时则适当放松。由于神经源性功能障碍或纤维化导致吞咽时CP不能适当放松时,功能障碍便发生了。CP功能障碍的症状包括吞咽困难、吞咽疼痛、呼吸困难、咳嗽和鼻腔反流。严重时会发生吸入和体重下降现象。

关键词：环咽肌切开术适应证性功能障碍激光食管上括约肌吞咽困难咽下缩肌静息状态

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Chebyshev polynomial-based Ritz method for thermal buckling and free vibration behaviors of metal foam beams

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 891-910页

作者： n.D.nGUYEn T.n.nGUYEn Faculty of Civil Engineering Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and EducationHo Chi Minh City 71309Viet Nam Faculty of Engineering and Technology Kien Giang UniversityChau Thanh 92000Viet Nam

This study presents the Chebyshev polynomials-based Ritz method to examine the thermal buckling and free vibration characteristics of metal foam *** analyses include three models for porosity distribution and two scenarios for thermal *** material properties are assessed under two conditions,i.e.,temperature dependence and temperature *** theoretical framework for the beams is based on the higher-order shear deformation theory,which incorporates shear deformations with higher-order *** governing equations are established from the Lagrange equations,and the beam displacement fields are approximated by the Chebyshev *** simulations are performed to evaluate the effects of thermal load,slenderness,boundary condition(BC),and porosity distribution on the buckling and vibration behaviors of metal foam *** findings highlight the significant influence of temperature-dependent(TD)material properties on metal foam beams'buckling and vibration responses.

关键词： Ritz method Chebyshev function buckling vibration metal foam beam higher-order beam theory(HOBT)

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Compression properties of cost-efficient porous expanded clay reinforced AA7075 syntactic foams fabricated by industrial-oriented die casting technology

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China Foundry 2024年第1期21卷 60-70页

作者： İsmail Cem Akgün Çağın Bolat Ali Gökşenli Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Istanbul Technical University34437İstanbulTurkey Faculty of Engineering Samsun University55420SamsunTurkey

In today’s manufacturing industries,hard competition between rival firms makes it compulsory for researchers to design lighter and cheaper machine components due to the megatrends of cost-effectiveness and *** this point,aluminum syntactic foams(ASFs)are new-generation engineering composites and come into the upfront as a *** to their features like low density,sufficient elongation,and perfect energy absorption ability,these advanced foams have been considerably seductive for many industrial sectors *** this study,an industrial-oriented automatic die casting technology was used for the first time to manufacture the combination of AA7075/porous expanded clay(PEC).Micro evaluations(optical and FESEM)reveal that there is a homogenous particle distribution in the foam samples,and inspections are compatible with the other ASF ***,T6 aging heat treatment was operated on one half of the produced foams to explore the probable impact of aging on the compressive *** results show that PEC particles can be an alternative to expensive hollow spheres used in the previous ***,a favorable relationship is ascertained between the aging treatment and mechanical properties such as compression strength and plateau strength.

关键词： die casting porous materials metal matrix sytanctic foams expanded clay compressive deformation

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Predicting effects of tunnel throttling of annular freeway vehicular flow by a continuum model

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第4期11卷 733-746页

作者： Zhongmin Huang M.n.Smirnova n.n.Smirnov Zuojin Zhu Faculty of Engineering Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119992Russia

Fluid flow throttling is common in industrial and building services *** tunnel throttling of vehicular flow is caused by the abrupt number reduction of roadway lane,as the tunnel has a lower lane number than in the roadway normal *** predict the effects of tunnel throttling of annular freeway vehicular flow,a three-lane continuum model is ***Ⅲof the tunnel is completely blocked due to the need of tunnel rehabilitation,*** exists mandatory net lane-changing rate from laneⅢto laneⅡjust upstream of the tunnel entrance,which is described by a model of random number generated through a golden section *** net-changing rate between adjacent lanes is modeled using a lane-changing time expressed explicitly in algebraic *** paper assumes that the annular freeway has a total length of 100 km,a two-lane tunnel of length 2 km with a speed limit of 80 km/*** free flow speeds on lanesⅠ,ⅡandⅢare assumed to be 110,100 and 90 km/h *** on the three-lane continuum model,numerical simulations of vehicular flows on the annular freeway with such a tunnel are conducted with a reliable numerical method of 3rd-order *** results reveal that the vehicular flow has a smaller threshold of traffic jam formation in comparison with the case without tunnel *** fuel consumption can be estimated by interpolation with time averaged grid traffic speed and an assumed curve of vehicle *** vehicle fuel consumption is lane number dependent,distributes with initial density concavely,ranging from 5.56 to 8.00 *** throttling leads to an earlier traffic jam formation in comparison with the case without tunnel throttling.

关键词： Effects of tunnel throttling Vehicle fuel consumption Travel time Threshold of traffic jam formation Continuum model

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Towards defining soil quality of Mediterranean calcareous agricultural soils:Reference values and potential core indicator set

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2024年第1期12卷 145-155页

作者： Germán A.Durán Daniel Sacristán Edelweis Farrús Jaume Vadell Institut de Recerca i FormacióAgrària i Pesquera de les Illes Balears C/Eusebi Estada14507009PalmaSpain Plant Biology Department University of Valencia46100BurjassotValenciaSpain Soil and Environmental Quality Department Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación-CIDE(CSIC-Universitat de València-Generalitat Valenciana)Carretera Moncada-Náquera km 4.546113MoncadaValenciaSpain Universitat de les Illes Balears Cra.De Valldemossakm 7507122PalmaSpain

To avoid soil degradation,adapt to climate change and comply with the Sustainable Development goals 2030(Un General Assembly),establishing the quality/fertility of the agricultural soils of the Mediterranean region and evaluate how these evolve with time is *** enables adequate management practices to be *** Mediterranean calcareous region has received little attention in this sense,in spite its soil ***,24 different representative calcareous agricultural soils of the Mediterranean region,including the main management strategies of agricultural soils(rainfed and irrigated),were sampled from the island of Mallorca;and their physical,chemical and biological properties *** values obtained for most of the soil characteristics allowed to establish an initial approach to the reference values for the type of calcareous agricultural soils considered,and to clearly distinguish the effect of rainfed or irrigation management practices on soils properties and *** enzyme activities were not stimulated by the irrigation conditions assayed or they were only in dry conditions,suggesting optimum enzyme activities could be obtained when alternating dry and humid soil *** organic carbon,calcium carbonate and active lime revealed of significant importance in the collection of ***,the results obtained clearly indicate the heterogeneity of the region and its implications on the different soil ***,this study could serve as a starting point to adequately establish the quality(fertility)for Mediterranean calcareous agricultural soils and their reference values by conducting further research in this region and including more type of soils.

关键词： Soil fertility Mediterranean agricultural soils Calcareous soils Soil enzymes Soil management

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Weather influenced nestling growth of an insectivorous but not a granivorous grassland passerine in Argentina

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 156-162页

作者： Martín Alejandro Colombo Adrian Jauregui Luciano n.Segura Laboratorio de Ecología de Aves.Institute“Dr.Raúl A.Ringuelet”(ILPLA)-UnLP/COnICET Boulevard 1201437La PlataB1900Buenos AiresArgentina

nestling growth of birds can be affected by weather *** general,it is expected that higher temper-atures favor growth by improving food availability and nestling metabolism,while rain hinders it by reducing foraging ***,most of these patterns have been described in insectivorous cavity-nesting birds in temperate *** tested these predictions in two neotropical grassland ground-nesting birds with contrasting nestling diets and therefore potentially different responses to *** measured nestlings of the Hellmayr’s Pipit(Anthus hellmayri,an insectivorous passerine)and the Grassland Yellow-Finch(Sicalis luteola,which feeds its nestlings exclusively with seeds)during three breeding seasons(2017-2020)in central-eastern *** took measurements of tarsus and body mass,modeled growth curves using nonlinear mixed-effects models,and evaluated the effects of minimum daily temperature and precipitation during the growth period and the 30 days prior to *** pipits(60 nestlings from 21 nests),minimum temperatures during the growth period were positively associated with tarsus and body mass ***,there was a positive association between precipitation during the pre-hatching period and tarsus ***,none of the weather variables analyzed had significant effects on nestling growth of finches(131 nestlings from 35 nests).Dietary contrast between species may explain the different *** activity and abundance can be affected by weather variations within the span of a breeding season,whereas seeds may depend on conditions from previous years,making the effects harder to *** with reduced asymptotic size can have reduced chances of ***,pipit populations could be impacted if they experience cold and dry conditions during their breeding season,which is of major relevance in the current context of climate change.

关键词： Finches Grassland birds neotropical birds Pipits Precipitation Temperature

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Inclusion of CoTiO_(3) to ameliorate the re/dehydrogenation properties of the Mg–na–Al system

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1215-1226页

作者： n.A.Ali n.Y.Yusnizam n.A.Sazelee Sami-ullah Rather Haizhen Liu M.Ismail Energy Storage Research Group Faculty of Ocean Engineering TechnologyUniversiti Malaysia Terengganu21030 Kuala NerusTerengganuMalaysia Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering King Abdulaziz UniversityP.O.Box80204Jeddah 21589Saudi Arabia Guangxi novel Battery Materials Research Center of Engineering Technology School of Physical Science and TechnologyGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-Cycle Safety for Composite Structures Nanning 530004China

For the first time,the MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4)(ratio 4:1)destabilized system with CoTiO_(3) addition has been *** CoTiO_(3)-doped MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4) sample begins to dehydrogenate at 130℃,which is declined by 40℃ compared to the undoped MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4).Moreover,the de/rehydrogenation kinetics characteristics of the CoTiO_(3)-doped MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4) were greatly *** the inclusion of CoTiO_(3),the MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4) composite absorbed 5.2 wt.%H_(2),higher than undoped MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4).In the context of dehydrogenation,the CoTiO_(3)-doped MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4) sample desorbed 2.6 wt.%H_(2),almost doubled compared to the amount of hydrogen desorbed from the undoped MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4) *** activation energy obtained by the Kissinger analysis for MgH_(2) decomposition was significantly lower by 35.9 kJ/mol than the undoped MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4) *** reaction mechanism demonstrated that new phases of MgCo and AlTi_(3) were generated in situ during the heating process and are likely to play a substantial catalytic function and be useful in ameliorating the de/rehydrogenation properties of the destabilized MgH_(2)–naAlH_(4) system with the inclusion of CoTiO_(3).

关键词： Destabilize system Magnesium hydride Sodium alanate Hydrogen storage Additive.

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