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Controllable shaping of high-index dielectric nanoparticles by exploiting the giant optical force of femtosecond laser pulses

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Photonics Research 2024年第2期12卷 282-291页

作者： YUHENG MAO SHUWEN bai MINGCHENG PANMAI LIDAN ZHOU shimei LIU SHULEI LI HAIYING LIU HAIHUA FAN JUN DAI SHENG LAN Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices School of Information and Optoelectronic Science and EngineeringSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Shenzhen Institute of Terahertz Technology and Innovation Shenzhen 518102China State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of Electronics and Information TechnologySun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China School of Optoelectronic Engineering Guangdong Polytechnic Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510665China

Nanoparticles made of different materials usually support optical resonances in the visible to near infrared spectral range,such as the localized surface plasmons observed in metallic nanoparticles and the Mie resonances observed in dielectric ones.Such optical resonances,which are important for practical applications,depend strongly on the morphologies of nanoparticles.Laser irradiation is a simple but effective way to modify such optical resonances through the change in the morphology of a nanoparticle.Although laser-induced shaping of metallic nanoparticles has been successfully demonstrated,it remains a big challenge for dielectric nanoparticles due to their larger Young’s modulus and smaller thermal conductivities.Here,we proposed and demonstrated a strategy for realizing controllable shaping of high-index dielectric nanoparticles by exploiting the giant optical force induced by femtosecond laser pulses.It was found that both Si and Ge nanoparticles can be lit up by resonantly exciting the optical resonances with femtosecond laser pulses,leading to the luminescence burst when the laser power exceeds a threshold.In addition,the morphologies of Si and Ge nanoparticles can be modified by utilizing the giant absorption force exerted on them and the reduced Young’s modulus at high temperatures.The shape transformation from sphere to ellipsoid can be realized by laser irradiation,leading to the blueshifts of the optical resonances.It was found that Si and Ge nanoparticles were generally elongated along the direction parallel to the polarization of the laser light.Controllable shaping of Si and Ge can be achieved by deliberately adjusting the excitation wavelength and the laser power.Our findings are helpful for understanding the giant absorption force of femtosecond laser light and are useful for designing nanoscale photonic devices based on shaped highindex nanoparticles.

关键词： optical polarization dielectric

Use of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived brain cells,organoids,assembloids,and blood-brain barrier models in understanding alcohol and anesthetic-induced brain injuries:an emerging perspective

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 953-954页

作者： Xiaowen bai Department of Cell Biology Neurobiology&AnatomyMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWIUSA

Neurological disorders,including developmental disorders,Alzheimer’s disease(AD),and psychiatric conditions,have significant social and economic impacts globally.Despite extensive research into the underlying mechanisms of these disorders,effective treatments remain elusive,partly due to the complexity of the brain,the limited availability of human brain tissue,and the blood-brain barrier(BBB)’s impermeability to certain drugs.This perspective article discusses the potential of human induced pluripotent stem cell(iPSC)-based models of brain cells,organoids,assembloids,and BBB to advance our understanding of the etiology,progression,and mechanisms of brain injuries induced by alcohol consumption and general anesthesia.These models could also be used to develop protective and therapeutic approaches.

关键词： injuries protective drugs

Variations of sediment organic phosphorus and organic carbon during the outbreak and decline of algal blooms in Lake Taihu,China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 34-45页

作者： Jiehua Wang Xiuling bai Wenchao Li Pingping Zhang Mengdi Zhang Haoran Wang Yingge bai College of Geography and Environmental Science Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions(Henan University) Ministry of EducationKaifeng 475004China National Demonstration Center for Environment and Planning Henan UniversityKaifeng 475004China Surrey International Institute Dongbei University of Finance and EconomicsDalian 116000China

In this study,sediment organic phosphorus(OP)and organic carbon(OC)in Lake Taihu,China,as well as their relationships,were analyzed during the outbreak and decline of algal blooms(ABs)over a five-month field study.The results showed synchronous temporal changes in the sediment OP and OC contents with the development of ABs.In addition,there was a significant positive correlation between the sediment OP and OC(p<0.01),suggesting simultaneous deposition and consumption during the ABs outbreak.The sediment OP and OC contents decreased significantly at the early and last stages of the ABs outbreak and increased at the peak of the ABs outbreak and during the ABs decline.These temporal variation patterns suggest that the sediment OC and OP contents did not consistently increase during the ABs outbreak,even though algae are an important source of organic matter in sediments.The depletion or enrichment of OC and OP in sediments may also depend on the scale of the ABs outbreak.The obtained results revealed significant differences in the sediment OC and OP contents between the months(p<0.05).In addition,OP in the sediments was dominated by orthophosphate diester(phospholipids and DNA-P)and orthophosphate monoester during the ABs outbreak and decline,respectively.The active OC contents and proportions in the sediments in the ABs outbreak were significantly lower than those observed in the ABs decline period,demonstrating the significant impacts of the ABs outbreak and decline on the sediment OC and OP in Lake Taihu.

关键词： Algal blooms Organic phosphorus Organic carbon Sediment ^(31)P NMR Lake Taihu

Free-moving-state microscopic imaging of cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamics with a photoacoustic fiberscope

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 33-46页

作者： Xiaoxuan Zhong Yizhi Liang Xiaoyu Wang Haoying Lan Xue bai Long Jin bai-Ou Guan Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications Institute of Photonics TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China

We report the development of a head-mounted photoacoustic fiberscope for cerebral imaging in a freely behaving mouse.The 4.5-gram imaging probe has a 9-µm lateral resolution and 0.2-Hz frame rate over a 1.2-mm wide area.The probe can continuously monitor cerebral oxygenation and hemodynamic responses at single-vessel resolution,showing significantly different cerebrovascular responses to external stimuli under anesthesia and in the freely moving state.For example,when subjected to high-concentration CO_(2) respiration,enhanced oxygenation to compensate for hypercapnia can be visualized due to cerebral regulation in the freely moving state.Comparative studies exhibit significantly weakened compensation capabilities in obese rodents.This new imaging modality can be used for investigating both normal and pathological cerebrovascular functions and shows great promise for studying cerebral activity,disorders and their treatments.

关键词： cerebral anesthesia moving

Pharmacological interventions targeting the microcirculation following traumatic spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 35-42页

作者： Rongrong Wang Jinzhu bai Department of Spine and Spinal Cord Surgery Beijing Bo’ai HospitalChina Rehabilitation Research CenterBeijingChina School of Rehabilitation Medicine Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Traumatic spinal cord injury is a devastating disorder chara cterized by sensory,motor,and autonomic dysfunction that seve rely compromises an individual's ability to perform activities of daily living.These adve rse outcomes are closely related to the complex mechanism of spinal cord injury,the limited regenerative capacity of central neurons,and the inhibitory environment fo rmed by traumatic injury.Disruption to the microcirculation is an important pathophysiological mechanism of spinal cord injury.A number of therapeutic agents have been shown to improve the injury environment,mitigate secondary damage,and/or promote regeneration and repair.Among them,the spinal cord microcirculation has become an important target for the treatment of spinal cord injury.Drug inte rventions targeting the microcirculation can improve the microenvironment and promote recovery following spinal cord injury.These drugs target the structure and function of the spinal cord microcirculation and are essential for maintaining the normal function of spinal neuro ns,axons,and glial cells.This review discusses the pathophysiological role of spinal cord microcirculation in spinal cord injury,including its structure and histopathological changes.Further,it summarizes the progress of drug therapies targeting the spinal cord mic rocirc ulation after spinal cord injury.

关键词： blood-spinal cord barrier drug therapy microcirculation microvascular blood flow neuroprotection pharmacological intervention pharmacotherapy spinal cord injury trauma

Progress,implications,and challenges in using humanized immune system mice in CAR-T therapy-Application evaluation and improvement

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第1期7卷 3-11页

作者： Hanwei Yue Lin bai NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine Institute of Laboratory Animal SciencesCAMS and PUMCChao-yang DistrictBeijingChina

In recent years,humanized immune system(HIS)mice have been gradually used as models for preclinical research in pharmacotherapies and cell therapies with major breakthroughs in tumor and other fields,better mimicking the human immune system and the tumor immune microenvironment,compared to traditional immunodeficient mice.To better promote the application of HIS mice in preclinical research,we se-lectively summarize the current prevalent and breakthrough research and evaluation of chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-T cells in various antiviral and antitumor treat-ments.By exploring its application in preclinical research,we find that it can better reflect the actual clinical patient condition,with the advantages of providing high-efficiency detection indicators,even for progressive research and development.We believe that it has better clinical patient simulation and promotion for the updated design of CAR-T cell therapy than directly transplanted immunodeficient mice.The characteristics of the main models are proposed to improve the use defects of the existing models by reducing the limitation of antihost reaction,combining multiple models,and unifying sources and organoid substitution.Strategy study of relapse and toxicity after CAR-T treatment also provides more possibilities for application and development.

关键词： antitumor antiviral CAR-T humanized immune system model humanized mice preclinical research

Identity-based searchable attribute signcryption in lattice for a blockchain-based medical system

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第3期25卷 461-471页

作者： Huifang YU Xiaoping bai School of Cyberspace Security Xi'an University of Posts&TelecommunicationsXi'an 710121China School of Information Engineering Qinghai Communications Technical CollegeXining 810003China

Electronic healthcare systems can offer convenience but face the risk of data forgery and information leakage.To solve these issues,we propose an identity-based searchable attribute signcryption in lattice for a blockchain-based medical system(BCMS-LIDSASC).BCMS-LIDSASC achieves decentralization and anti-quantum security in the blockchain environment,and provides fine-grained access control and searchability.Furthermore,smart contracts are used to replace traditional trusted third parties,and the interplanetary file system(IPFS)is used for ciphertext storage to alleviate storage pressure on the blockchain.Compared to other schemes,BCMS-LIDSASC requires smaller key size and less storage,and has lower computation cost.It contributes to secure and efficient management of medical data and can protect patient privacy and ensure the integrity of electronic healthcare systems.

关键词： Blockchain Identity-based searchable attribute signcryption Distributed storage NTRU lattice

A novel efficient energy absorber with free inversion of a metal foam-filled circular tube

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第1期45卷 1-14页

作者： Jianxun ZHANG Jinwen bai State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures School of Aerospace EngineeringXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China

In this paper, a novel efficient energy absorber with free inversion of a metal foam-filled circular tube(MFFCT) is designed, and the axial compressive behavior of the MFFCT under free inversion is studied analytically and numerically. The theoretical analysis reveals that the energy is mainly dissipated through the radial bending of the metal circular tube, the circumferential expansion of the metal circular tube, and the metal filled-foam compression. The principle of energy conservation is used to derive the theoretical formula for the minimum compressive force of the MFFCT over free inversion under axial loading. Furthermore, the free inversion deformation characteristics of the MFFCT are analyzed numerically. The theoretical steady values are found to be in good agreement with the results of the finite element(FE) analysis. The effects of the average diameter of the metal tube, the wall thickness of the metal tube, and the filled-foam strength on the free inversion deformation of the MFFCT are considered. It is observed that in the steady deformation stage, the load-carrying and energy-absorbing capacities of the MFFCT increase with the increase in the average diameter of the metal tube, the wall thickness of the metal tube, or the filled-foam strength. The specific energy absorption(SEA) of free inversion of the MFFCT is significantly higher than that of the metal tube alone.

关键词： metal foam-filled circular tube(MFFCT) free inversion load-carrying capacity energy absorption

AI enhances drug discovery and development

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 52-54页

作者： Fang bai Shiliang Li Honglin Li Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies and School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Lingang Laboratory Innovation Center for AI and Drug Discovery East China Normal University

The advent of the third wave of artificial intelligence(AI) heralds a new era in drug discovery. AI-powered techniques can be characteristic of identifying features that are difficult for humans to interpret from big ...

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