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Quantifying peripapillary vessel density and retinal nerve fibre layer in type 1 diabetic children without clinically detectable retinopathy using OCTA

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第2期17卷 278-281页

作者： Ling Chen Yun Feng sha-sha Zhang Yan-Fang Liu Ping Lin Xi’an Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an 710002Shaanxi ProvinceChina

AIM:To quantify changes in radial peripapillary capillary vessel density(ppVD)and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(pRNFL)in children with type 1 diabetes without clinical diabetic retinopathy by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),providing a basis for early retinopathy in children with type 1 diabetes.METHODS:This was a retrospective study.A total of 30 patients(3–14y)with type 1 diabetes without clinical diabetic retinopathy(NDR group)were included.A total of 30 age-matched healthy subjects were included as the normal control group(CON group).The HbA1c level in the last 3mo was measured once in the NDR group.The pRNFL thickness and ppVD were automatically measured,and the mean pRNFL and ppVD were calculated in the nasal,inferior,temporal,and superior quadrants.The changes in ppVD and pRNFL in the two groups were analyzed.RESULTS:Compared with CON group,the nasal and superior ppVDs decreased in the NDR group(all P0.05).Person and Spearman correlation analysis of ppVD and pRNFL thickness in each quadrant of the NDR group showed a positive correlation between nasal and superior(all P0.05).There was no significant correlation between the HbA1c level and ppVD and pRNFL in any quadrant(all P>0.05).There was no significant correlation between the course of diabetes mellitus and ppVD and pRNFL in any quadrant(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION:ppVD and pRNFL decrease in eyes of children with type 1 diabetes before clinically detectable retinopathy and OCTA is helpful for early monitoring.

关键词： diabetic retinopathy children peripapillary vessel density peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer optical coherence tomography angiography

Lenvatinib combined with sintilimab plus transarterial chemoembolization as first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第2期12卷 285-292页

作者： sha-sha Sun Xiao-Di Guo Wen-Dong Li Jing-Long Chen Department of Oncology Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Ditan HospitalBeijing 100015China

BACKGROUND Recently,combination therapy has shown a better trend towards improved tumour response and survival outcomes than monotherapy in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,research on triple therapy[lenvatinib+sintilimab+transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)]as a first-line treatment for advanced HCC is limited.AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of triple therapy as a first-line treatment for advanced HCC.METHODS HCC patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage C treated with triple therapy were enrolled.All patients were treated with lenvatinib every day and sintilimab once every 3 wk.Moreover,TACE was performed every 4-6 wk if necessary.The primary outcome of the study was overall survival(OS).The secondary outcomes were the objective response rate(ORR),disease control rate(DCR),and incidence of adverse events.RESULTS Forty HCC patients who underwent triple therapy were retrospectively analysed from January 2019 to January 2022.With a median follow-up of 8.5 months,the 3-,6-,and 12-mo OS rates were 100%,88.5%,and 22.5%,respectively.The ORR and DCR were 45%and 90%,respectively.The median progressive free survival and median OS were not reached.Common complications were observed in 76%of the patients(grade 3,15%;grade 4,2.5%).CONCLUSION Combination therapy comprising lenvatinib,sintilimab and TACE achieved promising outcomes in advanced HCC patients and had manageable effects.

关键词： Lenvatinib Sintilimab Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma Combination therapy Tumor response

Clinical study of different prediction models in predicting diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第1期15卷 43-52页

作者： sha-sha Cai Teng-Ye Zheng Kang-Yao Wang Hui-Ping Zhu Department of Nephrology The First People’s Hospital of WenlingWenling 317500Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Among older adults,type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is widely recognized as one of the most prevalent diseases.Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is a frequent com-plication of DM,mainly characterized by renal microvascular damage.Early detection,aggressive prevention,and cure of DN are key to improving prognosis.Establishing a diagnostic and predictive model for DN is crucial in auxiliary diagnosis.AIM To investigate the factors that impact T2DM complicated with DN and utilize this information to develop a predictive model.METHODS The clinical data of 210 patients diagnosed with T2DM and admitted to the First People’s Hospital of Wenling between August 2019 and August 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.According to whether the patients had DN,they were divided into the DN group(complicated with DN)and the non-DN group(without DN).Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore factors affecting DN in patients with T2DM.The data were randomly split into a training set(n=147)and a test set(n=63)in a 7:3 ratio using a random function.The training set was used to construct the nomogram,decision tree,and random forest models,and the test set was used to evaluate the prediction performance of the model by comparing the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,recall,precision,and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.RESULTS Among the 210 patients with T2DM,74(35.34%)had DN.The validation dataset showed that the accuracies of the nomogram,decision tree,and random forest models in predicting DN in patients with T2DM were 0.746,0.714,and 0.730,respectively.The sensitivities were 0.710,0.710,and 0.806,respectively;the specificities were 0.844,0.875,and 0.844,respectively;the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)of the patients were 0.811,0.735,and 0.850,respectively.The Delong test results revealed that the AUC values of the decision tree model were lower than those of the random forest and nomogram models(P<0.05),whereas the difference in AUC values of the random forest and colu

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Diabetic nephropathy Random forest Decision-making tree Nomogram Forecast

Quantitative effect of kerogen type on the hydrocarbon generation potential of Paleogene lacustrine source rocks,Liaohe Western Depression,China

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 14-30页

作者： sha-sha Hui Xiong-Qi Pang Fu-Jie Jiang Chen-Xi Wang Shu-Xing Mei Tao Hu Hong Pang Min Li Xiao-Long Zhou Kan-Yuan Shi State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China College of Geosciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China Exploration and Development Research Institute PetroChina Liaohe Oilfield CompanyPanjin 124010LiaoningChina

Kerogen types exert a decisive effect on the onset and capacity of hydrocarbon generation of source rocks.Lacustrine source rocks in the Liaohe Western Depression are characterized by thick deposition,high total organic carbon(TOC)content,various kerogen types,and a wide range of thermal maturity.Consequently,their hydrocarbon generation potential and resource estimation can be misinterpreted.In this study,geochemical tests,numerical analysis,hydrocarbon generation kinetics,and basin modeling were integrated to investigate the differential effects of kerogen types on the hydrocarbon generation potential of lacustrine source rocks.Optimized hydrocarbon generation and expulsion(HGE)models of different kerogen types were established quantitatively upon abundant Rock-Eval/TOC/vitrinite reflectance(R_(o))datasets.Three sets of good-excellent source rocks deposited in the fourth(Es4),third(Es3),and first(Es1)members of Paleogene shahejie Formation,are predominantly types I-II_(1),II_(1)-II_(2),and II-III,respectively.The activation energy of types I-II_(2)kerogen is concentrated(180-230 kcal/mol),whereas that of type III kerogen is widely distributed(150-280 kcal/mol).The original hydrocarbon generation potentials of types I,II_(1),II_(2),and III kerogens are 790,510,270,and 85 mg/g TOC,respectively.The Ro values of the hydrocarbon generation threshold for type I-III source rocks gradually increase from 0.42%to 0.74%,and Ro values of the hydrocarbon expulsion threshold increase from 0.49%to 0.87%.Types I and II_(1)source rocks are characterized by earlier hydrocarbon generation,more rapid hydrocarbon expulsion,and narrower hydrocarbon generation windows than types II_(2)and III source rocks.The kerogen types also affect the HGE history and resource potential.Three types(conventional,tight,and shale oil/gas)and three levels(realistic,expected,and prospective)of hydrocarbon resources of different members in the Liaohe Western Depression are evaluated.Findings suggest that the Es3 member has considerable conventional and

关键词： Kerogen type Hydrocarbon generation potential Lacustrine source rocks Liaohe western depression

Analyzing the surface passivity effect of germanium oxynitride:a comprehensive approach through first principles simulation and interface state density

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 74-84页

作者： Sheng-Jie Du Xiu-Xia Li Yang Tian Yuan-Yuan Liu Ke Jia Zhong-Zheng Tang Jian-Ping Cheng Zhi Deng Yu-Lan Li Zheng-Cao Li sha-sha Lv College of Nuclear Science and Technology Joint Laboratory of Jinping Ultra‑Low Radiation Background Measurement of Ministry of Ecology and Environment Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Joint Research Center Nuctech Company LimitedBeijing 100084China Department of Engineering Physics Key Laboratory of Particle&Radiation Imaging of Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials(MOE) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

High-purity germanium(HPGe)detectors,which are used for direct dark matter detection,have the advantages of a low threshold and excellent energy resolution.The surface passivation of HPGe has become crucial for achieving an extremely low energy threshold.In this study,first-principles simulations,passivation film preparation,and metal oxide semiconductor(MOS)capacitor characterization were combined to study surface passivation.Theoretical calculations of the energy band structure of the -H,-OH,and -NH_(2) passivation groups on the surface of Ge were performed,and the interface state density and potential with five different passivation groups with N/O atomic ratios were accurately analyzed to obtain a stable surface state.Based on the theoretical calculation results,the surface passivation layers of the Ge_(2)ON_(2) film were prepared via magnetron sputtering in accordance with the optimum atomic ratio structure.The microstructure,C-V,and I-V electrical properties of the layers,and the passivation effect of the Al/Ge_(2)ON_(2)/Ge MOS were characterized to test the interface state density.The mean interface state density obtained by the Terman method was 8.4×10^(11) cm^(-2) eV^(-1).The processing of germanium oxynitrogen passivation films is expected to be used in direct dark matter detection of the HPGe detector surface passivation technology to reduce the detector leakage currents.

关键词： Surface passivation High purity germanium detector Germanium nitrogen oxide Interface state density

Coulomb-assisted nonlocal electron transport between two pairs of Majorana bound states in a superconducting island

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第5期33卷 275-279页

作者：王浩迪任俊潼吕海峰柯莎莎 School of Physics University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 610054China

We investigate the nonlocal transport modulated by Coulomb interactions in devices comprising two interacting Majorana wires,where both nanowires are in proximity to a mesoscopic superconducting(SC)island.Each Majorana bound state(MBS)is coupled to one lead via a quantum dot with resonant levels.In this device,the nonlocal correlations can be induced in the absence of Majorana energy splitting.We find that the negative differential conductance and giant current noise cross correlation could be induced,due to the interplay between nonlocality of MBSs and dynamical Coulomb blockade effect.This feature may provide a signature for the existence of the MBSs.

关键词： Majorana bound states superconducting island current cross correlation

DNA vaccines targeting amyloid-βoligomer ameliorate cognitive deficits of aged APP/PS1/tau triple-transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2305-2310页

作者： sha sha Xiao-Na Xing Tao Wang Ying Li Rong-Wei Zhang Xue-Li Shen Yun-Peng Cao Le Qu Department of Geriatrics the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Shenzhen Luohu People’s HospitalThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina College of Life and Health Sciences Northeastern UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina Department of Neurology the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina Department of Dermatology the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoning ProvinceChina

The amyloid-β(Aβ)oligomer,rather than the Aβmonomer,is considered to be the primary initiator of Alzheimer’s disease.It was hypothesized that p(Aβ3-10)10-MT,the recombinant Aβ3-10 gene vaccine of the Aβoligomer has the potential to treat Alzheimer’s disease.In this study,we intramuscularly injected the p(Aβ3-10)10-MT vaccine into the left hindlimb of APP/PS1/tau triple-transgenic mice,which are a model for Alzheimer’s disease.Our results showed that the p(Aβ3-10)10-MT vaccine effectively reduced Aβoligomer levels and plaque deposition in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus,decreased the levels tau protein variants,reduced synaptic loss,protected synaptic function,reduced neuron loss,and ameliorated memory impairment without causing any cerebral hemorrhaging.Therefore,this novel DNA vaccine,which is safe and highly effective in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease,holds a lot of promise for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease in humans.

关键词： Aβoligomers cognitive dysfunction DNA vaccine immunotherapy neuron loss plaque deposits synaptic function tau hyperphosphorylation

微塑料和菲对土壤化学性质、酶活性及微生物群落的影响

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环境科学 2024年第1期45卷 496-507页

作者：刘沙沙秦建桥吴贤格肇庆学院环境与化学工程学院广东省环境健康与资源利用重点实验室肇庆526061

微塑料和多环芳烃(PAHs)因在土壤环境中广泛存在及其潜在生态风险而受到越来越多的关注.然而,关于微塑料-PAHs复合污染对土壤生态系统的影响鲜有报道.选用聚乙烯(PE)/聚丙烯(PP)和菲(PHE)作为微塑料和PAHs的代表,进行为期300d的微宇宙... 详细信息

微塑料和多环芳烃(PAHs)因在土壤环境中广泛存在及其潜在生态风险而受到越来越多的关注.然而,关于微塑料-PAHs复合污染对土壤生态系统的影响鲜有报道.选用聚乙烯(PE)/聚丙烯(PP)和菲(PHE)作为微塑料和PAHs的代表,进行为期300d的微宇宙培养实验,利用土壤农业化学分析方法和16S扩增子测序技术研究PE/PP和PHE的单一和复合污染对土壤化学特性、酶活性和微生物群落(数量、结构、功能)的影响,分析PE/PP和PHE存在下土壤性质、酶活性和菌群的互作关系.结果表明,PE/PP和PHE的单一和复合污染对土壤pH值、有效磷(AP)和微生物(细菌、放线菌、霉菌)数量没有产生明显影响,但显著提高了荧光素二乙酸酯酶(FDAse)活性;PE、PP、PHE-PE和PHE-PP的添加显著增加了土壤有机质(SOM)含量和脲酶活性,PHE、PHEPE和PHE-PP显著增强了脱氢酶和磷酸酶活性及速效氮(AN)含量;PHE的添加对微生物群落影响不大,PE、PP、PHE-PE和PHE-PP对群落产生了一定的影响.PE/PP和PHE能够促进微生物产生能量、生长和繁殖,加快污染物的代谢/降解和细胞膜转运等功能.PE/PP和PHE引起的AN和SOM变化是影响土壤酶活性的关键因子,AN、AP和pH的改变是微生物数量增加的主要原因;微生物群落结构的改变与土壤化学性质、酶活性具有一定的相关性,其中SOM对菌群的影响达到了显著水平,土壤中不同碳源(PE/PP和PHE)的存在及菌与菌之间的互作关系也会影响微生物群落的组成.综上,PE/PP和PHE通过改变土壤化学性质、酶活性和微生物群落及其互作过程来促进菌群适应污染物胁迫.

关键词：微塑料菲(PHE) 土壤性质酶活性微生物群落

Neonatal Exposure to Propofol Interferes with the Proliferation and Differentiation of Hippocampal Neural Stem Cells and the Neurocognitive Function of Rats in Adulthood via the Akt/p27 Signaling Pathway

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第4期35卷 283-295页

作者： MIAO Hui Hui LIU Wen Bo JIAO Xin Hao shaO Ke Jie YUAN Ying Xuan sha sha ZHANG Qi Qi YAN Jing SUN Yin Ying ZHOU Cheng Hua WU Yu Qing Department of Anesthesiology Beijing Shijitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100038China Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221004JiangsuChina Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221004JiangsuChina NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou 221004JiangsuChina

Objective Neonatal exposure to propofol has been reported to cause neurotoxicity and neurocognitive decline in adulthood;however,the underlying mechanism has not been established.Methods SD rats were exposed to propofol on postnatal day 7(PND-7).Double-immunofluorescence staining was used to assess neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus(DG).The expression of pAkt and p27 were measured by western blotting.The Morris water maze,novel object recognition test,and object location test were used to evaluate neurocognitive function 2-month-old rats.Results Phosphorylation of Akt was inhibited,while p27 expression was enhanced after neonatal exposure to propofol.Propofol also inhibited proliferation of neural stem cells(NSCs)and decreased differentiation to neurons and astroglia.Moreover,the neurocognitive function in 2-month-old rats was weakened.Of significance,intra-hippocampal injection of the Akt activator,SC79,attenuated the inhibition of p-AKT and increase of p27 expression.SC79 also rescued the propofol-induced inhibition of NSC proliferation and differentiation.The propofol-induced neurocognition deficit was also partially reversed by SC79.Conclusion Taken together,these results suggest that neurogenesis is hindered by neonatal propofol exposure.Specifically,neonatal propofol exposure was shown to suppress the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs by inhibiting Akt/p27 signaling pathway.

关键词： Propofol Neurogenesis Hippocampal dentate gyrus Akt p27