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基于深度学习的乳腺X线摄影对乳腺密度评估的临床应用

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国际医学放射学杂志 2019年第2期42卷 227-228页

作者： C.D.Lehman A.Yala T.Schuster B.Dontchos M.Bahl k.swanson 焦子真(译) 陈伟(校) Department of Radiology Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolAvon Comprehensive Breast Evaluation Center 不详

目的开发深度学习(DL)算法以评估乳腺摄影中的乳腺密度。材料与方法在本回顾性研究中,训练一个深度卷积神经网络来评估乳腺成像报告和数据系统(BI-RADS)上显示的乳腺密度,该算法的训练过程是基于一名经验丰富的放射科医生对2009年1月—2... 详细信息

目的开发深度学习(DL)算法以评估乳腺摄影中的乳腺密度。材料与方法在本回顾性研究中,训练一个深度卷积神经网络来评估乳腺成像报告和数据系统(BI-RADS)上显示的乳腺密度,该算法的训练过程是基于一名经验丰富的放射科医生对2009年1月—2011年5月27 684名女性的41 479张数字筛查乳腺X线片的诊断。

关键词：乳腺密度放射科医师深度学习

Human enamel thickness and ENAM polymorphism

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International Journal of Oral Science 2016年第2期8卷 93-97页

作者： Diane M Daubert Joanna L kelley Yuriy G Udod Carolina Habor Chris G kleist Ilona k Furman Igor N Tikonov Willie J swanson Frank A Roberts Department of Periodontics University of Washington Center for Reproductive Biology and School of Biological Sciences Washington State University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Department of Genome Sciences University of Washington

The tooth enamel development gene, enamelin （ENAM）, showed evidence of positive selection during a genome-wide scan of human and primate DNA for signs of adaptive evolution. The current study examined the hypothesis that a single-nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） C14625T （rs7671281） in the ENAM gene identified in the genome-wide scan is associated with a change in enamel phenotype. African Americans were selected as the target population, as they have been reported to have a target SNP frequency of approximately 50%, whereas non-Africans are predicted to have a 96% SNP frequency. Digital radiographs and DNA samples from 244 teeth in 133 subjects were analysed, and enamel thickness was assessed in relation to SNP status, controlling for age, sex, tooth number and crown length. Crown length was found to increase with molar number, and females were found to have thicker enamel. Teeth with larger crowns also had thicker enamel, and older subjects had thinner enamel. Linear regression and generalized estimating equations were used to investigate the relationship between enamel thickness of the mandibular molars and ENAM SNP status; enamel in subjects with the derived allele was significantly thinner （P= 0.040） when the results were controlled for sex, age, tooth number and crown length. The derived allele demonstrated a recessive effect on the phenotype. The data indicate that thinner dental enamel is associated with the derived ENAM genotype. This is the first direct evidence of a dental gene implicated in human adaptive evolution as having a phenotypic effect on an oral structure.

关键词： enamel genetics polymorphisms tooth development

In vivo and ex vivo confocal endomicroscopy of pancreatic cystic lesions: A prospective study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第18期23卷 3338-3348页

作者： Somashekar G krishna Rohan M Modi Amrit k kamboj Benjamin J swanson Phil A Hart Mary E Dillhoff Andrei Manilchuk Carl R Schmidt Darwin L Conwell Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Internal Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center College of Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Pathology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Division of Surgical Oncology The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Deparment of General Surgery The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

To investigate the reproducibility of the in vivo endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) - guided needle based confocal endomicroscopy (nCLE) image patterns in an ex vivo setting and compare these to surgical histopathology for characterizing pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs).METHODSIn a prospective study evaluating EUS-nCLE for evaluation of PCLs, 10 subjects underwent an in vivo nCLE (AQ-Flex nCLE miniprobe; Cellvizio, Maunakea, Paris, France) during EUS and ex vivo probe based CLE (pCLE) of the PCL (Gastroflex ultrahigh definition probe, Cellvizio) after surgical resection. Biopsies were obtained from ex vivo CLE-imaged areas for comparative histopathology. All subjects received intravenous fluorescein prior to EUS and pancreatic surgery for in vivo and ex vivo CLE imaging *** total of 10 subjects (mean age 53 ± 12 years; 5 female) with a mean PCL size of 34.8 ± 14.3 mm were enrolled. Surgical histopathology confirmed 2 intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs), 3 mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCNs), 2 cystic neuroendocrine tumors (cystic-NETs), 1 serous cystadenoma (SCA), and 2 squamous lined PCLs. Characteristic in vivo nCLE image patterns included papillary projections for IPMNs, horizon-type epithelial bands for MCNs, nests and trabeculae of cells for cystic-NETs, and a “fern pattern” of vascularity for SCA. Identical image patterns were observed during ex vivo pCLE imaging of the surgically resected PCLs. Both in vivo and ex vivo CLE imaging findings correlated with surgical *** vivo nCLE patterns are reproducible in ex vivo pCLE for all major neoplastic PCLs. These findings add further support the application of EUS-nCLE as an imaging biomarker in the diagnosis of PCLs.

关键词： Confocal laser endomicroscopy Serous cystadenoma Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm Pancreatic cystic neoplasm

The Versatility and Diagnostic Potential of VOC Profiling for Noninfectious Diseases

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Biomedical Engineering Frontiers 2023年第1期4卷 274-297页

作者： Micah Oxner Allyson Trang Jhalak Mehta Christopher Forsyth Barbara swanson Ali keshavarzian Abhinav Bhushan Department of Biomedical Engineering Illinois Institute of TechnologyChicagoIL 60616USA Department of Internal Medicine Division of Digestive Diseases and NutritionSection of GastroenterologyRush Medical CollegeChicagoIL 60612USA Department of Adult Health and Gerontological Nursing Rush University College of NursingChicagoIL 60612USA

variety of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)are produced and emitted by the human body every *** identity and concentration of these VOCs reflect an individual’s metabolic *** regarding the production and origin of VOCs,however,has yet to be congruent among the scientific *** review article focuses on the recent investigations of the source and detection of biological VOCs as a potential for noninvasive discrimination between healthy and diseased *** the changes in the components of VOC profiles could provide information regarding the molecular mechanisms behind disease as well as presenting new approaches for personalized screening and *** research has prioritized the study of cancer,resulting in many research articles and reviews being written on the *** review summarizes the information gained about VOC cancer studies over the past 10 years and looks at how this knowledge correlates with and can be expanded to new and upcoming fields of VOC research,including neurodegenerative and other noninfectious *** advances in analytical techniques have allowed for the analysis of VOCs measured in breath,urine,blood,feces,and *** diagnostic approaches founded on sensor-based techniques allow for cheaper and quicker results,and we compare their diagnostic dependability with gas chromatography-and mass spectrometry-based *** future of VOC analysis as a clinical practice and the challenges associated with this transition are also discussed and future research priorities are summarized.

关键词： VOC gained summarized

Sugarcane bagasse amendment mitigates nutrient leaching from a mineral soil under tropical conditions

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Pedosphere 2022年第6期32卷 876-883页

作者： Nan XU Jehangir H.BHADHA Abul RABBANY Stewart swanson James MMCCRAY Yuncong LI Sarah LSTRAUSS Rao MYLAVARAPU Horticultural Sciences Department University of FloridaGainesville FL 32611(USA) Everglades Research and Education Center University of FloridaBelle Glade FL 33430(USA) Department of Soil Waterand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of FloridaGainesville FL 32611(USA) Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences(IFAS)Extension University of FloridaLaBelle FL 33935(USA) Agronomy Department University of FloridaBelle Glade FL 33430(USA) Department of Soil Waterand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of FloridaHomestead FL 33031(USA) Department of Soil Waterand Ecosystem SciencesUniversity of FloridaImmokalee FL 34142(USA)

Large quantities of organic by-products are generated by the sugarcane industry during sugar extraction *** by-products may be used as soil amendments to improve soil quality,as nutrient leaching is common in mineral soils of Florida in USA due to their sandy texture and frequent rain events.A soil column study was designed to evaluate the effects of bagasse application at 85 t ha^(-1) of fresh bagasse,170 t ha^(-1) of fresh bagasse,and 170 t ha^(-1) of fresh bagasse+nitrogen(N)on the leaching potential of carbon(C),N,phosphorus(P),and potassium(k).Bagasse was incorporated within the topsoil(0-15 cm)in outdoor soil columns exposed to natural conditions,with periodical irrigation during the *** approximately 57 weeks,the distributions of C,N,P,and k were evaluated at three soil depths(i.e.,0-15,15-30,and 30-53 cm)within the soil *** organic C(TOC),N,and P in leachates decreased significantly from the soils amended with bagasse compared with the control with no bagasse and no *** on k content changes in the columns,bagasse could also be utilized as a potential source of k for ***,application of bagasse as a soil amendment might be an effective way to sustainably reutilize organic by-products while reducing concerns regarding major nutrients entering groundwater *** results of this study could assist in developing nutrient management plans of using sugarcane bagasse as a potential soil amendment in mineral soils.

关键词： nutrient leaching potential nutrient loss pore volume sandy soil soil amendment soil column sugarcane by-product

Linking Management and Riparian Physical Functions to Water Quality and Aquatic Habitat

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2016年第8期8卷 797-815页

作者： Donald F. kozlowski Robert k. Hall Sherman R. swanson Daniel T. Heggem USDA Forest Service Beckwourth Ranger District Plumas National Forest Blairsden CA USA USEPA Region IX WTR2 San Francisco CA USA Natural Resources & Environmental Sciences University of Nevada Reno NV USA USEPA Office of Research & Development NERL Environmental Sciences Division Las Vegas NV USA

Stream and wetland riparian areas are able to sustain a state of resiliency based on the ecosystem’s ability to attain the functions of its ecological potential. This resiliency allows an area to provide and produce desired and valued water quality and aquatic habitat ecosystem services. Maintaining healthy aquatic and riparian habitats depends on “management” allowing for, or facilitating natural recovery of riparian functions. Altering grazing management practices in Maggie Creek lead to changes in riparian functionality, water quality, and aquatic habitat. Maggie Creek basin, historically renowned for its fishery, is one of only a few watersheds in Nevada capable of supporting Lahontan Cutthroat Trout (LCT) (Oncorhynchus clarkia ssp. Henshawi) meta-populations. Prior to 1993, the majority of Maggie Creek was grazed by cattle throughout the growing season. Decades of intensive grazing, water development, and road construction degraded aquatic and riparian habitats. By the early 1990’s, a majority of the Maggie Creek watershed was rated as nonfunctional or functional-at-risk condition with unstable banks, channel incision, loss of riparian vegetation, wide shallow channels, excessive erosion and deposition, reduced stream flows, and increased water temperatures. As mitigation for their 1993 South Operations Area Project mine dewatering, Newmont Mining Company, in cooperation with the Elko District Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the Elko Land and Livestock Company, developed the Maggie Creek Watershed Restoration Project to enhance LCT habitat. The project was developed to enhance 82 miles of stream, 2000 acres of riparian habitat and 40,000 acres of upland watershed primarily through prescriptive livestock management. Beginning in 1994, grazing systems were implemented for portions of the perennial/intermittent streams. This greatly reduced the frequency and duration of hot season grazing on Maggie Creek and its tributaries. The objective of this paper is to c

关键词： Ecosystem Function Water Quality Non-Point Source Proper Functioning Condition

Generation of strong magnetic fields for magnetized plasma experiments at the 1-MA pulsed power machine

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2021年第4期6卷 31-42页

作者： V.V.Ivanov A.V.Maximov R.Betti L.S.Leal J.D.Moody k.J.swanson N.A.Huerta Department of Physics University of NevadaRenoNevada 89557USA Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of RochesterRochesterNew York 14623USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of RochesterRochesterNew York 14623USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCalifornia 94550USA

Pulsed power technology provides a platform for investigating plasmas in strong magnetic fields using a university-scale *** here are methods for generating and measuring the 1–4-MG magnetic fields developed for the 1-MA Zebra pulsed power generator at the University of Nevada,Reno.A laser coupled with the Zebra generator produces a magnetized plasma,and experiments investigate how a megagauss magnetic field affects the two-plasmon decay and the expansion of the laser-produced plasma in both transverse and longitudinal magnetic fields.

关键词： magnetic generator fields

适于12位和16位A/D转换器LSI的片上校准技术

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微电子学 1989年第6期19卷 68-73页

作者： Eric swanson 胡永清

晶体半导体公司研制了分辨率为16位、最大转换速度50k次/秒的A/D转换器和分辨率为12位、最大转换速度1M次/秒的A/D转换器LSI。这两种A/D转换器LSI都具有自校准非线性误差的功能,这种功能可调整与各位相对应的2~N(N是位数)个加权电容器... 详细信息

晶体半导体公司研制了分辨率为16位、最大转换速度50k次/秒的A/D转换器和分辨率为12位、最大转换速度1M次/秒的A/D转换器LSI。这两种A/D转换器LSI都具有自校准非线性误差的功能,这种功能可调整与各位相对应的2~N(N是位数)个加权电容器的电容比。各位的电容器由偶数个小容量电容器构成,改变电容器数量的同时即可进行校准。用集成在芯片上的微计算机控制校准操作,可以使LSI制造过程中的试验变得简单。即使在用户正在使用着的系统上也能够自动进行校准,因而对温度变化和时效变化也能够进行补偿。

关键词： A/D转换器 LSI 自校准 16位 12位

光学相干断层扫描鉴定活体内基底细胞癌的一项初步研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2006年第11期2卷 9-10页

作者： Olmedo J.M. Warschaw k.E. Schmitt J.M. swanson D.L. 王琼 Department of Dermatology Mayo Clinic Scottsdale United StatesDr.

Background: Optical coherence tomography combines principles of ultrasonography and optical interferometry to provide real-time cross-sectional images of subsurface microstructure of tissue in vivo. Objective: The purpose of this pilot study was to define and characterize basal cell carcinoma by using optical coherence tomography. Methods: Twenty-three patients with 49 lesions clinically suggestive of superficial basal cell carcinoma were recruited. Optical coherence tomography was used to characterize the features of the pearly papules in real time and in vivo. Shave biopsy and light microscopic images were compared with images from optical coherence tomography. Results: Basal cell carcinoma was identified in 27 patients; all 27 had optical coherence tomographic images for comparison. Seven images were uninterpretable, probably because of technical problems. Of the remainder, 20 sites matched the histologic features seen on light microscopy, with excellent correlation between optical coherence tomographic images and histopathologic features of superficial, nodular, micronodular and infiltrative basal cell carcinomas. Limitations: This study was limited by the small number of patients examined. Also, as this study was not designed as an intent-to-diagnose study, the actual predictive value of optical coherence tomography technology remains unproven. Conclusions: Optical coherence tomography technology has potential for the diagnosis and histopathologic characterization of basal cell cancer. Additional studies to determine any practical role for optical coherence tomography are indicated.

关键词：基底细胞癌活体内刮取活检珍珠状丘疹活体组织超微结构超声波检查法病理学特点结节性光学