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Protocol for the development and validation of a clinical measurement tool for fear of disease progression and recurrence in cardiac patients

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Chronic Diseases and translational Medicine 2024年第3期10卷 195-204页

作者： sarah t.clarke Michael Le Grande Barbara M.Murphy Robert Hester Alun C.Jackson Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Australian Centre for Heart Health MelbourneVictoriaAustralia Centre on Behavioral Health University of Hong KongPokfulamHong KongChina

Introduction: One in two cardiac patients fear having another heart event or their heart condition getting worse. Research in other chronic illnesses demonstrates that screening for fear of progression and recurrence is vital for adequately addressing such concerns in clinical care. the current project aims to develop and validate a measure for fear of progression and recurrence in cardiac ***: the Fear of Cardiac Recurrence and Progression Scale (FCRP) will be developed through a multistep process. An initial item pool will be generated through a review of the literature and existing measures and consultation with and feedback from key informants. the item pool will be tested in a sample of over 250 adults who have ever had an acute coronary event, undergone cardiac surgery, or a chronic cardiac condition. Exploratory factor analysis will be used to identify the underlying factors, and Rasch analysis will be used to reduce the number of items. A short form version of the FCRP will be developed for use as a brief screening tool, informed by clinical relevance and Rasch psychometric ***: While many cardiac patients experience fears related to the progression or recurrence of their illness, there remains the need for a validated tool with which these concerns can be identified and measured. It is expected that the design and validation of the FCRP will aid identification of cardiac patients suffering from clinically significant levels of fear of progression and recurrence and facilitate the design of tailored psychological interventions to target these fears.

关键词： anxiety cardiac anxiety cardiac recovery cardiac rehabilitation depression fear of progression fear of recurrence psychological measurement psychosocial screening

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Antibiotic prophylaxis and infectious complications in patients on peritoneal dialysis undergoing lower gastrointestinal endoscopy

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Gastroenterology Report 2020年第5期8卷 407-409,I0003页

作者： William t.clarke Venkata R.Satyam David I.Fudman Samantha Zullow Kashika G.Goyal Katerina LByanova Christopher Huang Joseph D.Feuerstein Division of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineBeth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Medicine Boston Medical CenterBoston University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA Present affiliation:Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Present affiliation:Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology New York University Langone Medical CenterNew York University School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Section of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineBoston Medical CenterBoston University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA

Introduction Peritoneal dialysis(PD)is widely used for the treatment of endstage renal *** treated with PD have similar outcomes to those treated with hemodialysis[1].However,PDrelated infections including peritonitis have been reported at 1.66 episodes per patient per year[2].One possible source of peritonitis is gastrointestinal(GI)endoscopic *** 2005,the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis(ISPD)published guidelines suggesting antibiotics be given to PD patients prior to colonoscopy[3].this suggestion was mostly based on expert opinion and a theoretical concern that patients undergoing colonoscopy are at increased risk for enteric peritonitis from bacterial translocation across the bowel *** there is no direct evidence to support this theory,case reports have suggested a risk of transient bacteremia associated with colonoscopy.

关键词：预防性抗生素消化道内镜检查感染性并发症

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Colorectal cancer surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease:Practice guidelines and recent developments

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第30期25卷 4148-4157页

作者： William t.clarke Joseph D Feuerstein Department of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Harvard Medical School

Patients with long-standing inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)involving at least 1/3 of the colon are at increased risk for colorectal cancer(CRC).Advancements in CRC screening and surveillance and improved treatment of IBD has reduced CRC incidence in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s *** cases of CRC are thought to arise from dysplasia,and recent evidence suggests that the majority of dysplastic lesions in patients with IBD are visible,in part thanks to advancements in high definition colonoscopy and *** practice guidelines have supported the use of chromoendoscopy with targeted biopsies of visible lesions rather than traditional random *** are encouraged to endoscopically resect visible dysplasia and only recommend surgery when a complete resection is not *** technologies such as virtual chromoendoscopy are emerging as potential tools in CRC *** with IBD at increased risk for developing CRC should undergo surveillance colonoscopy using new approaches and techniques.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Colorectal cancer screening Ulcerative colitis Crohn’s disease Colonoscopy Chromoendoscopy

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Comprehension of functional support by enculturated chimpanzees Pan troglodytes

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Current Zoology 2011年第4期57卷 429-440页

作者： Anna M. YOCOM sarah t. BOYSEN Department of Psychology The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA

Studies of causal understanding of tool relationships in captive chimpanzees have yielded disparate findings, particularly those reported by Povinelli ＆ colleagues （2000） for tool tasks by laboratory chimpanzees. the present set of experiments tested nine enculturated chimpanzees on three versions of a support task, as described by Povinelli （2000）, during which food re- wards were presented in different experimental configurations. In Experiment 1, stimulus pairs included a choice between a cloth with a reward on the upper right comer or with a second reward off the cloth, adjacent to a comer, with the second pair comprised of a cloth with food on the upper right comer, and a second cloth with the reward on the substrate, partially covered. All subjects were successful with both test conditions in Experiment 1. In a second study, the experimental choices included one of two possi- ble correct options, paired with one of three incorrect options, with the three incorrect choices all involving varying degrees of perceptual containment. All nine chimpanzees scored significantly above chance across all six conditions. In Experiment 3, four unique conditions were presented, combining one of two possible correct choices with one of two incorrect choices. Six of the subjects scored significantly above chance across the four conditions, and group performance on individual conditions was also significant. Superior performance was demonstrated by female subjects in Experiment 3, similar to sex differences in tool use previously reported for wild chimpanzees and some tool tasks in captive chimpanzees. the present results for Experiments 2 ＆ 3 were significantly differed from those reported by Povinelli et al. （2000） for laboratory-born, peer-reared chimpanzees. One contribution towards the dramatic differences between the two study populations may be the significant rearing and housing differences of the chimpanzee groups. One explanation is that under conditions of enculturat

关键词： Chimpanzees Comparative cognition tool use Causality

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Interpreting uninterpretable predictors:kernel methods,Shtarkov solutions,and random forests

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Statistical theory and Related Fields 2022年第1期6卷 10-28页

作者： t.M.Le Bertrand clarke Department of mathematics scienceand informaticsmercer universityatlantagausa department of statistics university of nebraska-lincolnlincolnneusa

Many of the best predictors for complex problems are typically regarded as hard to interpret *** include kernel methods,Shtarkov solutions,and random *** show that,despite the inability to interpret these three predictors to infinite precision,they can be asymptotically approximated and admit conceptual interpretations in terms of their mathe-matical/statistical *** resulting expressions can be in terms of polynomials,basis elements,or other functions that an analyst may regard as interpretable.

关键词： Bayes boosting kernel methods random forest Shtarkov predictor stacking

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Recurrent Cholesteatoma Invading the Internal Auditory Canal and Cerebellar Pontine Angle

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第6期13卷 479-485页

作者： sarah clarke Michele Gandolfi Department of Otolaryngology Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist Health Winston Salem NC USA Department of Otolaryngology Wake Forest University School of Medicine Winston Salem NC USA

Cholesteatoma is a fairly otologic common problem. However, cholesteatoma invading the internal auditory canal (IAC) is rare and typically results in profound hearing loss and facial paralysis. this is a case of a 46-year-old female with a history of prior right complex cholesteatoma that had undergone multiple procedures. She had multiple complications including right cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) leak, meningitis, recurrent mastoid bowl infections and right facial paralysis which resulted in multiple facial plastics procedures and overclosure of the right ear. Over the last three years, she has noticed an increase in right sided otalgia, facial pressure, facial numbness and headaches. An MRI temporal bone with diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) showed a DW positive soft tissue mass filling the mastoid bowl as well as extending into the IAC and cerebellar pontine angle (CPA) cistern with contact of the middle cerebellar peduncle and trigeminal nerve. A translabyrinthine approach to the IAC found the mastoid bowl to be filled with cholesteatoma and an osseous defect from the mastoid bowl along the labyrinthine facial nerve tracking cholesteatoma into the IAC/CPA. this case highlights the complex and aggressive nature a cholesteatoma can take and the need for diligent surveillance in any ear that had prior cholesteatoma. the utilizations of MRI temporal bone with diffusion weighted imaging allow for surveillance in an over closed ear canal that is vital to the care of cholesteatoma patients who have a similar history.

关键词： translabyrinthine Approach Recurrent Cholesteatoma Cranial Base Otology/Neurotology

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Sperm DNA fragmentation, recurrent implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2015年第4期17卷 681-685页

作者： Carol Coughlan Helen clarke Rachel Cutting Jane Saxton sarah Waite William Ledger tinchiu Li Allan A Pacey Department of Human Metabolism Academic Unit of Reproductive and Developmental Medicine University of Sheffield Level 4 The Jessop Wing Tree Root WalkSheffield S10 2SF UK Assisted Conception Unit Jessop Wing Tree Root Walk Sheffield S10 2SF UK Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology School of Women'sand Children's Health University of New South Wales Royal Hospital for Women Sydney New South Wales Australia

Evidence is increasing that the integrity of sperm DNA may also be related to implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage （RM）. to investigate this, the sperm DNA fragmentation in partners of 35 women with recurrent implantation failure （RIF） following in vitro fertilization, 16 women diagnosed with RM and seven recent fathers （control） were examined. Sperm were examined pre- and post-density centrifugation by the sperm chromatin dispersion （SCD） test and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUtP nick end labeling （tUNEL） assay. there were no significant differences in the age of either partner or sperm concentration, motility or morphology between three groups. Moreover, there were no obvious differences in sperm DNA fragmentation measured by either test. However, whilst on average sperm DNA fragmentation in all groups was statistically lower in prepared sperm when measured by the SCD test, this was not seen with the results from the tUNEL assay. these results do not support the hypothesis that sperm DNA fragmentation is an important cause of RIF or RM, or that sperm DNA integrity testing has value in such patients. It also highlights significant differences between test methodologies and sperm preparation methods in interpreting the data from sperm DNA fragmentation tests.

关键词： DNA recurrent implantation failure recurrent miscarriage sperm

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A Hybrid Immersed Interface Method for Driven Stokes Flow in an Elastic tube

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Numerical Mathematics(theory,Methods and Applications) 2013年第4期6卷 600-616页

作者： Yi Li sarah A.Williams Anita t.Layton Department of Mathematics Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708-0320USA

We present a hybrid numerical method for simulating fluid flow through a compliant,closed tube,driven by an internal source and *** is assumed to be highly viscous with its motion described by Stokes *** geometry is assumed to be axisymmetric,and the governing equations are implemented in axisymmetric cylindrical coordinates,which capture 3D flow dynamics with only 2D *** solve the model equations using a hybrid approach:we decompose the pressure and velocity fields into parts due to the surface forcings and due to the source and sink,with each part handled separately by means of an appropriate *** the singularly-supported surface forcings yield an unsmooth solution,that part of the solution is computed using the immersed interface *** conditions are derived for the axisymmetric cylindrical *** velocity due to the source and sink is calculated along the tubular surface using boundary *** results are presented that indicate second-order accuracy of the method.

关键词： Stokes flow interface tracking immersed interface methods axisymmetric cylindrical coordinates boundary integrals

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Nanofiber–microsphere (nano-micro) matrices for bone regenerative engineering: a convergence approach toward matrix design

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2014年第1期1卷 3-9页

作者： clarke Nelson Yusuf Khan Cato t.Laurencin Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical BiologicalPhysical and Engineering SciencesInstitute for Regenerative EngineeringUniversity of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCT 06030USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Connecticut Health CenterFarmingtonCT 06030USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsCT 06269USA

Bone is an essential organ for health and quality of *** to current shortfalls in therapy for bone tissue engineering,scientists have sought the application of synthetic materials as bone graft *** a composite organic/inorganic material with significant extra cellular matrix(ECM),one way to improve bone graft substitutes may be to engineer a synthetic matrix that is influenced by the physical appearance of natural ECM *** this work,the authors evaluate composite,hybrid scaffolds for bone tissue engineering based on composite ceramic/polymer microsphere scaffolds with synthetic ECM-mimetic networks in their pore *** thermally induced phase separation,nanoscale fibers were deposited in the pore spaces of structurally sound microsphere-based scaffold with a density proportionate to the initial polymer *** and mechanical testing indicated no significant changes in overall pore characteristics or mechanical integrity as a result of the fiber deposition *** scaffolds displayed adequate mechanical integrity on the scale of human trabecular bone and supported the adhesion and proliferation of cultured mouse calvarial *** from natural cues,these scaffolds may represent a new avenue forward for advanced bone tissue engineering scaffolds.

关键词： nanobiomaterials bioceramics medical device bone

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Dynamic Evasion-Interrogation Games with Uncertainty in the Context of Electromagetics

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Numerical Mathematics(theory,Methods and Applications) 2011年第3期4卷 359-378页

作者： H.t.Banks Shuhua Hu K.Ito sarah Grove Muccio Center for Research in Scientific Computation North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695-8212USA.

We consider two player electromagnetic evasion-pursuit games where each player must incorporate significant uncertainty into their design strategies to disguise their intension and confuse their *** this paper,the evader is allowed to make dynamic changes to his strategies in response to the dynamic input with uncertainty from the *** problem is formulated in two different ways;one is based on the evolution of the probability density function of the intensity of reflected signal and leads to a controlled forward Kolmogorov or Fokker-Planck *** other formulation is based on the evolution of expected value of the intensity of reflected signal and leads to controlled backward Kolmogorov *** addition,a number of numerical results are presented to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed approach in exploring problems of control in a general dynamic game setting.

关键词： Electromagnetic evasion-pursuit uncertainty feedback control computational methods Kolmogorov and Fokker-Planck equations.

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