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Importance of adapted digestion conditions to simulate in vitro lipid digestion of broilers in different life stages

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Animal Nutrition 2023年第1期12卷 151-158页

作者： Daphne Michels sarah h.e.verkempinck Agnese Panozzo Karen Vermeulen Marc e.hendrickx Liesbet Thijs Tara Grauwet Laboratory of Food Technology and Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre(LFoRCe) Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems(M2S)KU LeuvenLeuven3001Belgium Kemin Animal Nutrition and health Kemin Europa N.V.Herentals2200Belgium

In vitro digestion studies demonstrate large potential to gain more and quicker insights into the underlying mechanisms of feed additives,allowing the optimization of feed ***,current in vitro digestion models relevant for broiler chickens lack sufficient description in terms of protocols and standardisation ***,no distinction is made between the different life phases of these animals(starter,grower,and finisher).hence,our research aimed to establish adapted in vitro digestion conditions,corresponding to the 3 life phases in broilers,with specific focus on lipid *** effect of 3 different bile salt concentrations of 2,10,and 20 mM,and 3 different lipase activities of 5,20,and 100 U/mL,on in vitro lipid digestion kinetics were evaluated using a full factorial *** values were selected to represent starter,grower,and finisher birds,*** findings showed that the extent of lipid digestion was mainly influenced by lipase *** rate of lipid digestion was affected by an interplay between bile salt concentration and lipase activity,due to possible lipase inhibition at certain bile salt ***,this work resulted in 3 in vitro lipid digestion models representative for starter,grower,and finisher *** conclusion,this research showed the impact of adapted in vitro digestion conditions on lipid digestion kinetics and thus the need for these conditions relevant for each life phase of broilers.

关键词： Lipolysis Lipase activity Bile salt In vitro digestion Broiler chicken emulsion

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Altered microRNA composition in the uterine lumen fluid in cattle(Bos taurus)pregnancies initiated by artificial insemination or transfer of an in vitro produced embryo

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2025年第1期16卷 76-91页

作者： Fernando h.Biase sarah e.Moorey Julie G.Schnuelle Soren Rodning Martha Sofia Ortega Thomas e.Spencer School of Animal Sciences Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University175 W Campus DrBlacksburgVA 24061USA Department of Animal Science University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Clinical Sciences Auburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA Department of Animal Science Auburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences University of Wisconsin MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Division of Animal Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65211USA

Background MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are presented in the uterine lumen of many mammals,and in vitro experiments have determined that several miRNAs are important for the regulation of endometrial and trophoblast *** aim was to identify and contrast the miRNAs present in extracellular vesicles(eVs)in the uterine lumen fluid(ULF)at the onset of attachment in cattle pregnancies(gestation d 18)initiated by artificial insemination(AI)or by the trans-fer of an in vitro-produced blastocyst(IVP-eT).A third group had no conceptus after the transfer of an IVP *** The abundance of 263 annotated miRNAs was quantified in the eVs collected from *** was an increase in the transcript abundance of 20 miRNAs in the ULF eVs from the AI pregnant group,while 4 miRNAs had a lower abundance relative to the group not containing a ***,4 miRNAs were more abun-dant in ULF eVs in the AI pregnant group relative to IVP-eT group(bta-mir-17,bta-mir-7-3,MIR7-1,MIR18A).Specific miRNAs in the ULF eVs were co-expressed with messenger RNAs expressed in extra-embryonic tissues and endome-trium,including genes that are known to be their *** The results provide biological insights into the participation of miRNAs in the regulation of trophoblast proliferation and differentiation,as well as in endometrium *** knowledge that in vitro cultured embryos can contribute to the altered abundance of specific miRNAs in the uterine lumen can lead to the development of cor-rective approaches to reduce conceptus losses during the first month of pregnancy in cattle.

关键词： Artificial reproductive technology Cattle Conceptus embryos endometrium Small RNA

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Analyzing the Cytotoxic and Genetic Impact of Datura stramonium extract on MCF7 and hT29 Cancer Cells:A Metabolite and Gene expression Study

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Phyton-International Journal of experimental Botany 2025年第1期94卷 181-198页

作者： Fayez Althobaiti hadeer Darwish Raghad Alruqayb Saqer S.Alotaibi Fahad e.Alharthi Ibrahim Jafri sarah Awwadh Altalhi Ghadi Alsharif hussam Awwadh e Althagafi hesham Noureldeen sarah Alharthi Jawaher Albaqami Najla Amin T.Al Kashgry Ahmed Noureldeen Department of Biotechnology College of ScienceTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Biology College of ScienceTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesJeddah21423Saudi Arabia Department of Biomedical Research King Abdullah International Medical Research CenterJeddah21423Saudi Arabia Biology Department Faculty of Science and ArtsAl-Baha UniversityAl-Mikhwah65731Saudi Arebia Faculty of Medicine Mansoura UniversityMansoura35516Egypt Department of Chemistry Collage of ScienceTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

The interest in using the Datura stramonium plant is due to its natural products,which are used in many pharmaceutical *** objective of the current study was to assess the therapeutic and cytotoxic effects of the *** plant on two types of human cancer cell models(MCF7 and hT29)in vitro.A soxhlet apparatus was used to obtain methanolic extract from dried plant *** recovered crude,after the solvent had evaporated,was then dispersed at varied concentrations of extract 100,50,20,and 0.0µg/mL and tested to see how the cells ***,the cancer-testis antigen(CTA)gene transcription in the two cell types exposed to the plant extract was examined using a semi-quantitative real-time polymerase chain *** chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC-MS)results produced the significant main metabolites Nonanoic acid,Tropine N-Oxide,3,6-Ditigloyloxy-7-hydroxytropane,hexadecanoic acid,2-Pentadecanone,6,10,14-trimethyl-,Carvenone,methyl ester,Phytol,Aposcopolamine,hyoscyamine,4,8,12,16-Tetramethylheptadecan-4-olide,Scopolamine,Alpha.-Tocospiro A,1,2-Cycloheptanedione,3,3,7,7-tetramethyl-,dihydrazone,Campesterol,Stigmasterol,Gamma-Sitosterol and dl-.alpha.-*** results showed that the two types of cell lines impacted by *** extract,through untreated type 1 cells(MCF7)gave a highly significant transcription according to all applicable *** implemented analyses cleared the strong genetic impacts of Datura extract on cancer cells’***2LY and C2orf63 transcript accumulation were also significantly elevated when exposed to plant extract at a level of 50µg/mL in cell line type 2(hT29),but TGIF2LY and P53 had the lowest relative expression at a level of 100µg/mL when treated the same cell line type.

关键词： Datura stramonium secondary metabolites GC-MS analysis cytotoxicity breast and colon cancer cell lines MTT assay

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ecological immunology:do sexual attraction and immunity trade-off through a desaturase?

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Insect Science 2025年第1期32卷 290-300页

作者： Ke Gao Wout van der heide Daphne Muijderman sarah Nichols Carmen Karwal Peter Kuperus Astrid T.Groot Institute for Biodiversity and ecosystem Dynamics University of AmsterdamAmsterdamthe Netherlands Department of Cell and Developmental Biology University of California San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Department of Neurobiology and Behavior Cornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA University of Leiden Leidenthe Netherlands

Given the limited availability of resources in nature,sexual attractiveness may trade off with immunocompetence,as the immunocompetence handicap hypothesis(IChh)*** invertebrates,a direct link between trade-offs through hormonal/molecular effectors in sexual signals and immunity has not been found so ***,we assessed how variation in sexual signals affected parasite infection in two sex pheromone selected lines of the moth Chloridea virescens:an attractive line with a low ratio of 16:Ald/Z11-16:Ald and an unattractive line with a high *** infecting these lines with an apicomplexan parasite,we found that the attractive Low line was significantly more susceptible to the parasite infection than the unattractive high *** the ratio difference between these two lines is determined by a delta-11-desturase,we hypothesized that this desaturase may have a dual role,i.e.,in the quality of the sexual signal as well as an involvement in immune response,comparable to testosterone in ***,when we used CRISPR/cas9 to knockout delta-11-desturase in the attractive Low line,we found that the pheromonal phenotype did change to that of the high line,but the infection susceptibility did ***,when checking the genomic location of delta-11-desaturase in the ***,we found that mucin is adjacent to *** comparing the mucin sequences in both lines,we found four nonsynonymous SNPs in the coding sequence,as well as intronic variation between the two *** differences suggest that genetic hitchhiking may explain the variation in susceptibility to parasitic infection.

关键词： Chloridea virescens delta-11-desaturase IChh parasite susceptibility sex pheromone

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Beef heifer fertility: importance of management practices and technological advancements

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第1期12卷 110-121页

作者： sarah e.Moorey Fernando h.Biase Department of Animal Science University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University175 West Campus DriveBlacksburgVA 24061USA.

The development of replacement heifers is at the core of cow-calf beef production systems. In 2020, the USDA,National Agricultural Statistics Service reported 5.771 million beef heifers, 500 pounds and over, are under development for cow replacement. A compilation of data from several studies indicate that between 85% and 95% of these heifers will become pregnant in their first breeding season. Several thousands of heifers being raised for replacement may not deliver a calf on their first breeding season and result in economic losses to cow-calf producers. Many management procedures have been developed to maximize the reproductive potential of beef heifers. Such approaches include, but are not limited to the following: nutritional management for controlled weight gain, identification of reproductive maturity by physiological and morphological indicators, and the implementation of an estrous synchronization *** implementation of management strategies has important positive impact(s) on the reproductive efficiency of *** are limitations, however, because some heifers deemed ready to enter their first breeding season do not become pregnant. In parallel, genetic selection for fertility-related traits in beef heifers have not promoted major genetic gains on this particular area, most likely due to low heritability of female fertility traits in cattle. Technologies such as antral follicle counting, DNA genotyping and RNA profiling are being investigated as a means to aid in the identification of heifers of low fertility potential. To date, many polymorphisms have been associated with heifer fertility, but no DNA markers have been identified across herds. Antral follicle count is an indication of the ovarian reserve and is an indicator of the reproductive health of a heifer. We have been working on the identification of transcriptome profiles in heifers associated with pregnancy outcome. Our current investigations integrating protein-coding transcript abu

关键词： Beef cattle Cow-calf Genomics Infertility

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ecogeomorphic Feedbacks in Semiarid Rangelands:A Review

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Pedosphere 2009年第2期19卷 217-229页

作者： I.STAVI h.LAVee e.D.UNGAR P.sarah Laboratory of Soil and Geomorphology Department of Geography and EnvironmentBar Ilan UniversityRamat Gan 52900(Israel) Department of Agronomy and Natural Resources Institute of Plant SciencesAgricultural Research Organizationthe Volcani CenterBet Dagan 50250(Israel)

The ecogeomorphic processes occurring on semiarid rangelands are reviewed, with emphasis on the source-sink relations and positive feedback loops that existed between shrub patches and intershrub areas, and the way livestock presence affected these interactions. Compared with intershrub areas, the shrub patches had a higher soil porosity, infiltration capacity, water-holding capacity, hydraulic conductivity, structural stability, and organic matter content, and lower bulk density. These differences derived from a host of processes whose intensity was less in the shrub patches, including raindrop impact, mechanical crust formation, overland water flow, soil erosion, evaporative moisture loss, and flock trampling. There was also greater shading of the soil surface; soil and litter deposition; water accumulation; microbial, fungal, and mesofaunal activities in the shrub patches. The overland flow of water carried soil and litter from the intershrub areas to the shrub patches and resulted in microtopographic modifications that tended to strengthen these source-sink relations. Grazing had an impact on these processes, not only at the shrub-intershrub scale but also within the intershrub areas, through the creation of highly compacted trampling routes. The combined role of the above ecogeomorphic processes was to maintain the rangeland＇s functionality. Without these inter-relationships, water loss, soil erosion, and nutrient depletion would occur at the hillside scale, causing degradation of the landscape.

关键词： intershrub areas shrubs soil resources trampling routes

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Ca2+ signaling during vertebrate somitogenesis

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2006年第7期27卷 781-790页

作者： sarah e WeBB Andrew L MILLeR Department of Biology the Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayHong Kong SARChina

A variety of Ca2+signals,in the form of intercellular pulses and waves,have beenreported to be associated with the various sequential stages of somitogenesis:from convergent extension and the formation of the paraxial mesoderm;during thepatterning of the paraxial mesoderm to establish segmental units;throughout theformation of the morphological boundaries that delineate the segmental units,andfinally from within the maturing somites as they undergo subsequent develop-ment and *** to both the technical challenges presented in imag-ing intact,developing embryos,and the subtle nature of the Ca2+transientsgenerated,they have proved to be difficult to ***,a combinationof cultured cell preparations and improvements in explant and whole embryo im-aging techniques has begun to reveal a new and exciting class of developmentalCa2+*** this chapter,we review the small,but expanding,number ofreports in the literature and attempt to identify common characteristics of thesomitogenic Ca2+transients,such as their mode of generation,as well as theirspatial and temporal *** may help to elucidate the significance andfunction of these intriguing Ca2+transients and thus integrate them into the com-plex signaling networks that orchestrate early developmental events.

关键词： Ca2+ signaling somitogenesis zebrafish Xenopus mouse chick

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The presence and partitioning behavior of flame retardants in waste,leachate,and air particles from Norwegian waste-handling facilities

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2017年第12期29卷 115-132页

作者： Nicolas A.O.Morin Patrik L.Andersson sarah e.hale hans Peter h.Arp Norwegian Geotechnical Institute(NGI) P.O.Box 3930Ulleval StadionN-0806 OsloNorway environmental and Food Laboratory of Vendee(LeA V) Department of ChemistryRond-point Georges Dural CS 8080285021 La Roche-sur-YonFrance Chemistry Department Umed UniversitySE-901 87 UmeaSweden

Flame retardants in commercial products eventually make their way into the waste *** the presence of flame retardants in Norwegian landfills, incineration facilities and recycling sorting/defragmenting facilities is investigated. These facilities handled waste electrical and electronic equipment（Weee）, vehicles, digestate, glass, combustibles, bottom ash and fly ash. The flame retardants considered included polybrominated diphenyl ethers（∑BDe-10） as well as dechlorane plus, polybrominated biphenyls, hexabromobenzene,pentabromotoluene and pentabromoethylbenzene（collectively referred to as ∑FR-7）. Plastic,Weee and vehicles contained the largest amount of flame retardants（∑BDe-10： 45,000–210,000 μg/kg; ∑FR-7： 300–13,000 μg/kg）. It was hypothesized leachate and air concentrations from facilities that sort/defragment Weee and vehicles would be the highest. This was supported for total air phase concentrations（∑BDe-10： 9000–195,000 pg/m^3 Weee/vehicle facilities, 80–900 pg/m^3 in incineration/sorting and landfill sites）, but not for water leachate concentrations（e.g., ∑BDe-10： 15–3500 ng/L in Weee/Vehicle facilities and 1–250 ng/L in landfill sites）. Landfill leachate exhibited similar concentrations as Weee/vehicle sorting and defragmenting facility leachate. To better account for concentrations in leachates at the different facilities, waste-water partitioning coefficients, Kwastewere measured（for the first time to our knowledge for flame retardants）. Weee and plastic waste had elevated Kwastecompared to other wastes, likely because flame retardants are directly added to these materials. The results of this study have implications for the development of strategies to reduce exposure and environmental emissions of flame retardants in waste and recycled products through improved waste management practices.

关键词： Brominated flame retardants Waste management environmental emissions Atmospheric emissions Partitioning Leachate

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erythrocyte invasions and receptor heterogeneity in field isolates of Nanay river basin Iquitos

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2012年第8期5卷 589-593页

作者： Kuppusamy Chenniappan sarah h Johns Laboratorio de Investigacion deproductos Naturales Antiparasitarios de la Amazonia UNAPPampa chicaIquitosPeru 065

Objective:To determine whether the requirements for sialic acid varies and whether several types of silaic acid independent receptors utilized for invasion mechanisms of fresh filed isolates collected around Nanay river basin,***:The field isolates were cultured as described previously by Jensen and Trager and MR4 protocol with little *** erythrocytes preparation and subsequent enzyme treatment was done as described previously by *** little *** assay was performed as described previously by Sharma et al with little ***:The Nanay river basin isolates showed five types of invasion mechanisms or types of receptors-ligand *** we observed that an equal numbers of neuraminidase sensitive and resistant invasion receptor-ligand interaction profiles as the most common receptor-ligand invasion *** resistance trypsin sensitive chymotrypsin sensitive(NM_RT_SCT_S) invasion of receptor-ligand interaction profile was found in seven isolates,Five field isolates and one reference strain showed neuraminidase sensitive, trypsin sensitive and chymotrypsin resistant(NM_RT_SCT_R) invasion of receptor-ligand interactions, six isolates including one reference strains dd2 showed neuraminidase sensitive,trypsin and chymotrypsin resistance(NM_ST_RCT_R) indicating its dependence on sialic acids and independence of trypsin and chymotrypsin sensitive *** isolates showed neuraminidase sensitive, trypsin sensitive and chymotrypsin sensitive(NM_ST_SCT_S) invasion of receptor-ligand interactions, seven isolates were neuraminidase resistant,trypsin sensitive and chymotrypsin resistance (NM_RT_SCT_R) invasion of receptor-ligand interactions,indicating its dependence on trypsin sensitive ***:The Nanay river basin isolates showed five types of invasion mechanisms or types of receptors-ligand interactions.A full understanding of theses invasion mechanisms may allow the developm

关键词： Nanay river basin Invasion Sialic acid Plasmodium falciparum Malaria

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Osteosarcoma:prognosis plateau warrants retinoblastoma pathway targeted therapy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2016年第1期1卷 119-130页

作者： sarah e Ballatori Philip W hinds Department of Developmental Molecular and Chemical BiologyTufts University School of MedicineBostonMAUSA

Osteosarcoma(OS)is the most common primary bone cancer in children and adolescents,affecting~560 young patients in the United States *** term OS describes a diverse array of subtypes with varying prognoses,but the majority of tumors are high grade and *** because the true etiology of these aggressive tumors remains unknown,advances in OS treatment have reached a discouraging plateau,with only incremental improvements over the past 40 ***,research surrounding the pathogenesis of OS is essential,as it promises to unveil novel therapeutic targets that can attack tumor cells with greater specificity and lower *** the candidate molecular targets in OS,the retinoblastoma(RB)pathway demonstrates the highest frequency of inactivation and thus represents a particularly promising avenue for molecular targeted *** review examines the present thinking and practices in OS treatment and specifically highlights the relevance of the RB pathway in *** further investigation into RB pathway-related novel therapeutic targets,we believe that a near-term breakthrough in improved OS prognosis is possible.

关键词： retinoblastoma targeted plateau

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