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Global patterns and ecological drivers of taxonomic and phylogenetic endemism in angiosperm genera

Plant diversity 2024年第2期46卷 149-157页

作者： Hong Qian Brent d.Mishler Jian Zhang Shenhua Qian Research and Collections Center Illinois State Museum1011 East Ash StreetSpringfieldIL 62703USA University and Jepson Herbaria Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720-2465USA Center for Global Change and Complex Ecosystems Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research StationSchool of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment Ministry of EducationChongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China

Endemism of lineages lies at the core of understanding variation in community composition among geographic regions because it reflects how speciation,extinction,and dispersal have influenced current ***,we investigated geographic patterns and ecological drivers of taxonomic and phylogenetic endemism of angiosperm genera across the *** identify centers of paleo-endemism and neo-endemism of angiosperm genera,and show that they are mostly located in the Southern Hemisphere in tropical and subtropical regions,particularly in Asia and *** categories of phylogenetic endemism centers can be differentiated using current climate *** climate,historical climate change,and geographic variables together explained~80%of global variation in taxonomic and phylogenetic endemism,while 42-46%,1%,and 15%were independently explained by these three types of variables,*** our findings show that past climate change,current climate,and geography act together in shaping endemism,which are consistent with the findings of previous studies that higher temperature and topographic heterogeneity promote *** study showed that many centers of phylogenetic endemism of angiosperms,including regions in Amazonia,Venezuela,and west-central tropical Africa that have not previously been identified as biodiversity hotspots,are missed by taxon-based measures of endemism,indicating the importance of including evolutionary history in biodiversity assessment.

关键词： Angiosperm Current climate Endemism Historical climate change Topographic heterogeneity

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Advancing Wound Filling Extraction on 3d Faces:An Auto-Segmentation and Wound Face Regeneration Approach

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 2197-2214页

作者： duong Q.Nguyen Thinh d.Le Phuong d.Nguyen Nga T.K.Le H.Nguyen-Xuan department of Mathematics and Statistics Quy Nhon UniversityQuy Nhon City55100Viet Nam Applied Research Institute for Science and Technology Quy Nhon UniversityQuy Nhon City55100Viet Nam CIRTECH Institute HUTECH UniversityHo Chi Minh City72308Viet Nam

Facial wound segmentation plays a crucial role in preoperative planning and optimizing patient outcomes in various medical *** this paper,we propose an efficient approach for automating 3d facial wound segmentation using a two-stream graph convolutional *** method leverages the Cir3d-FaIR dataset and addresses the challenge of data imbalance through extensive experimentation with different loss *** achieve accurate segmentation,we conducted thorough experiments and selected a high-performing model from the *** selectedmodel demonstrates exceptional segmentation performance for complex 3d facial ***,based on the segmentation model,we propose an improved approach for extracting 3d facial wound fillers and compare it to the results of the previous *** method achieved a remarkable accuracy of 0.9999993% on the test suite,surpassing the performance of the previous *** this result,we use 3d printing technology to illustrate the shape of the wound *** outcomes of this study have significant implications for physicians involved in preoperative planning and intervention *** automating facial wound segmentation and improving the accuracy ofwound-filling extraction,our approach can assist in carefully assessing and optimizing interventions,leading to enhanced patient ***,it contributes to advancing facial reconstruction techniques by utilizing machine learning and 3d bioprinting for printing skin tissue *** source code is available at https://***/SIMOGroup/WoundFilling3d.

关键词： 3d printing technology face reconstruction 3d segmentation 3d printed model

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designing a medical ethics curriculum in ophthalmology

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Annals of Eye Science 2024年第1期9卷 4-9页

作者： Matthew d.Gearinger Flaum Eye Institute University of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNYUSA

Ethical principles form a bedrock to medical practice in any specialty,guiding physicians to appropriate attitudes and behaviors.A formal ethics curriculum can be difficult to generate de novo in an ophthalmology training program.A number of barriers exist in most ophthalmology departments:trainees may think ethics is of secondary importance compared to core basic and clinical science topics;most ophthalmology faculty have no formal degree in medical ethics;there is limited didactic time with competing academic,clinical,and surgical priorities;work-hours regulations may limit the time available to deliver“para-professional”lectures;and there is a belief that the medical ethics lectures during medical school is a sufficient amount of coursework to last through a physician’s career with no need for continuing professional *** four pillars of medical ethics are beneficence,non-maleficence,autonomy,and *** addition,morals,ethics,and professionalism are important aspects of sound medical practice.A curriculum specific to medical ethics in ophthalmology can be developed in any of our sub-specialties and include lectures,curated readings,case rounds,and clinic wrap-up *** considerations are part of everyday clinical practice,and a structured ethics curriculum can be incorporated into ophthalmology training *** concept of backward design can be used to structure the curriculum,starting with the expected outcome,then designing authentic assessments,and finally putting together a learning plan that has students actively involved in ethical *** paper will provide a guide to developing an ethics curriculum for an ophthalmology training program utilizing the concept of backwards design and guide the reader through the process of developing expected learning outcomes,authentic assessments,and a unified learning plan.

关键词： Medical ethics curriculum design medical education

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Performance analysis of deep borehole heat exchangers for decarbonization of heating systems

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deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第3期3卷 349-357页

作者： Andreas E.d.Lund department of Electrical Engineering and Automation Aalto UniversityEspooFinland

Meeting the climate change mitigation targets will require a substantial shift from fossil to clean fuels in the heating *** pumps with deep borehole exchangers are a promising solution to reduce *** the thermal behavior of deep borehole exchangers(dBHEs)ranging from 1 to 2 km was analyzed for various heat flow profiles.A strong correlation between thermal energy extraction and power output from dBHEs was found,also influenced by the heating profile *** operating time over the year typically resulted in higher energy production,while shorter one yielded higher average thermal power output,highlighting the importance of the choice of heating strategy and system design for optimal performance of *** breaks in operation for regenerating the borehole,for example,with waste heat,proved to be favorable for the performance yielding an overall heat output close to the same as with continuous extraction of *** results demonstrate the usefulness of deep boreholes for dense urban areas with less available *** the heat production from a single dBHE in Finnish conditions ranges from half up to even a few GWh a year,the technology is best suitable for larger heat loads.

关键词： clean energy deep borehole exchangers energy transition geothermal heat ground-coupled heat pump

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Neurotrophic factor-based pharmacological approaches in neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第6期18卷 1220-1228页

作者： Margherita Alfonsetti Michele d’angelo Vanessa Castelli department of Life Health and Environmental SciencesUniversity of L’AquilaL’AquilaItaly

Aging is a physiological event dependent on multiple pathways that are linked to lifespan and processes leading to cognitive *** process represents the major risk factor for aging-related diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and ischemic *** incidence of all these pathologies increases exponentially with *** on aging biology has currently focused on elucidating molecular mechanisms leading to the development of those *** deficit and neurodegeneration,common features of aging-related pathologies,are related to the alteration of the activity and levels of neurotrophic factors,such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor,nerve growth factor,and glial cell-derived neurotrophic *** this reason,treatments that modulate neurotrophin levels have acquired a great deal of interest in preventing neurodegeneration and promoting neural regeneration in several neurological *** treatments include both the direct administration of neurotrophic factors and the induced expression with viral vectors,neurotrophins’binding with biomaterials or other molecules to increase their bioavailability but also cell-based *** neurotrophins’crucial role in aging pathologies,here we discuss the involvement of several neurotrophic factors in the most common brain aging-related diseases and the most recent therapeutic approaches that provide direct and sustained neurotrophic support.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease brain brain-derived neurotrophic factor glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor nerve growth factor neurotrophins neurturin Parkinson’s disease stroke tropomyosin receptor kinase receptors

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Autonomous Vehicle Platoons In Urban Road Networks:A Joint distributed Reinforcement Learning and Model Predictive Control Approach

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 141-156页

作者： Luigi d’Alfonso Francesco Giannini Giuseppe Franzè Giuseppe Fedele Francesco Pupo Giancarlo Fortino IEEE the department of Computer Engineering ModelingElectronics and SystemsUniversitàdella CalabriaVia Pietro BucciCubo 42-CRende(CS)87036Italy the department of Mechanical Engineering Energy Engineering and ManagementUniversitàdella CalabriaVia Pietro BucciCubo 42-CRende(CS)87036Italy

In this paper, platoons of autonomous vehicles operating in urban road networks are considered. From a methodological point of view, the problem of interest consists of formally characterizing vehicle state trajectory tubes by means of routing decisions complying with traffic congestion criteria. To this end, a novel distributed control architecture is conceived by taking advantage of two methodologies: deep reinforcement learning and model predictive control. On one hand, the routing decisions are obtained by using a distributed reinforcement learning algorithm that exploits available traffic data at each road junction. On the other hand, a bank of model predictive controllers is in charge of computing the more adequate control action for each involved vehicle. Such tasks are here combined into a single framework:the deep reinforcement learning output(action) is translated into a set-point to be tracked by the model predictive controller;conversely, the current vehicle position, resulting from the application of the control move, is exploited by the deep reinforcement learning unit for improving its reliability. The main novelty of the proposed solution lies in its hybrid nature: on one hand it fully exploits deep reinforcement learning capabilities for decisionmaking purposes;on the other hand, time-varying hard constraints are always satisfied during the dynamical platoon evolution imposed by the computed routing decisions. To efficiently evaluate the performance of the proposed control architecture, a co-design procedure, involving the SUMO and MATLAB platforms, is implemented so that complex operating environments can be used, and the information coming from road maps(links,junctions, obstacles, semaphores, etc.) and vehicle state trajectories can be shared and exchanged. Finally by considering as operating scenario a real entire city block and a platoon of eleven vehicles described by double-integrator models, several simulations have been performed with the a

关键词： distributed model predictive control distributed reinforcement learning routing decisions urban road networks

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Small molecules to target tau amyloid aggregation

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 509-511页

作者： Zoe Manglano-Artuñedo Samuel Peña-díaz Salvador Ventura Institut de Biotecnologia i Biomedicina Universitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain

Protein aggregation has been linked with many neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease(Ad)or Parkinson’s *** belongs to a group of heterogeneous and incurable neurodegenerative disorders collectively known as *** comprise frontotemporal dementia,Pick’s disease,or corticobasal degeneration,among *** symptomatology varies with the specific tau protein variant involved and the affected brain region or cell ***,they share a common neuropathological hallmark-the formation of proteinaceous deposits named neurofibrillary *** tangles,primarily composed of aggregated tau(Zhang et al.,2022),disrupt normal neuronal functions,leading to cell death and cognitive decline.

关键词： tau degeneration aggregation

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A Review of State-of-the-art Flexible Power Point Tracking Algorithms in Photovoltaic Systems for Grid Support:Classification and Application

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第1期12卷 1-21页

作者： Mina Haghighat Mehdi Niroomand Hossein dehghani Tafti Christopher d.Townsend Tyrone Fernando the department of Electrical Engineering University of IsfahanIsfahanIran the department of Electrical Electronic and Computer EngineeringUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawley WA 6009Australia

To maximize conversion efficiency,photovoltaic(PV)systems generally operate in the maximum power point tracking(MPPT)***,due to the increasing penetra tion level of PV systems,there is a need for more developed control functions in terms of frequency support services and voltage control to maintain the reliability and stability of the power ***,flexible active power control is a manda tory task for grid-connected PV systems to meet part of the grid ***,a significant number of flexible pow er point tracking(FPPT)algorithms have been introduced in the existing *** purpose of such algorithms is to real ize a cost-effective method to provide grid support functional ities while minimizing the reliance on energy storage *** paper provides a comprehensive overview of grid support functionalities that can be obtained with the FPPT control of PV systems such as frequency support and volt-var *** of these grid support functionalities necessitates PV sys tems to operate under one of the three control strategies,which can be provided with FPPT *** three control strate gies are classified as:①constant power generation control(CP GC),②power reserve control(PRC),and③power ramp rate control(PRRC).A detailed discussion on available FPPT algo rithms for each control strategy is also *** paper can serve as a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art FPPT algorithms that can equip PV systems with various grid support functionalities.

关键词： Maximum power point tracking(MPPT) flexi ble power point tracking(FPPT) power reserve control(PRC) power ramp rate control(PRRC) low voltage ride-through(LVRT) constant power generation(CPG)

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Prescribed-Time Nash Equilibrium Seeking for Pursuit-Evasion Game

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第6期11卷 1518-1520页

作者： Lei Xue Jianfeng Ye Yongbao Wu Jian Liu d.C.Wunsch Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of Complex Systems of Engineering Ministry of EducationNanjing 210096 School of Automation Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyRollaMO 65409 USA IEEE

dear Editor,This letter is concerned with prescribed-time Nash equilibrium(PTNE)seeking problem in a pursuit-evasion game(PEG)involving agents with second-order *** order to achieve the prior-given and user-defined convergence time for the PEG,a PTNE seeking algorithm has been developed to facilitate collaboration among multiple pursuers for capturing the evader without the need for any global ***,it is theoretically proved that the prescribedtime convergence of the designed algorithm for achieving Nash equilibrium of ***,the effectiveness of the PTNE method was validated by numerical simulation results.A PEG consists of two groups of agents:evaders and *** pursuers aim to capture the evaders through cooperative efforts,while the evaders strive to evade *** is a classic noncooperative *** has attracted plenty of attention due to its wide application scenarios,such as smart grids[1],formation control[2],[3],and spacecraft rendezvous[4].It is noteworthy that most previous research on seeking the Nash equilibrium of the game,where no agent has an incentive to change its actions,has focused on asymptotic and exponential convergence[5]-[7].

关键词： seeking prescribed convergence

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Refractive outcomes after V4c Toric collamer lens implantation over 1y of follow-up

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第7期17卷 1322-1330页

作者： Humberto Carreras-díaz Josefina Reñones de Abajo María del Rosario Carreras-díaz Amalia Lorente-Velázquez Vithas Eurocanarias Las Palmas de Gran Canaria 35004Spain University Hospital of Girona doctor Josep Trueta Gerona 17007Spain departament of Optometry and Vision Faculty of Optics and OptometryComplutense University of MadridMadrid 28040Spain

AIM:To evaluate refractive outcomes and corneal astigmatism changes after Toric implantable collamer lens with a central port(V4c T-ICL)implantation over 1y of ***:A retrospective study was performed including 50 eyes of 50 patients that underwent V4c T-ICL ***(UdVA)and corrected(CdVA)distance visual acuities,refraction,refractive and corneal astigmatism changes and corneal coupling correction were evaluated preoperatively,1 and 12mo *** analysis was used for astigmatism *** of adjustment(CAdj)was calculated for corneal coupling ***:The mean UdVA achieved was 0.03 logMAR at 1mo and remained unchanged throughout the whole follow-up(P=0.193).At the last visit,84%of the eyes achieved a CdVA of 0.00 logMAR or *** spherical equivalent refraction(SEQ),96%of eyes were ranges of±1.00 d and 84%of them within±0.50 ***,94%of eyes had a remaining refractive cylinder within±1.00 d and 78%of them within±0.50 ***,SEQ and refractive cylinder,remain stable over the postoperative follow-up(P=1.000 and P=0.660,respectively).In terms of surgically induced astigmatism(SIA),no statistically significant differences were found over the follow-up(P=0.102)and under correction was found with a correction index lower than the unit at each visit.A keratometric astigmatism induced of 0.59±0.53(vector mean:0.26×73º)d was reached at the last *** significant changes in terms of corneal astigmatism orientation were reported over post-surgery visits(P=0.129 and P=0.097 at 1 and 12mo respectively).No clinical significance was found for CAdj on with-the-rule *** postoperative complications resulting from the surgery were ***:Refractive outcomes suggest that the V4c T-ICL implantation for correction of myopic astigmatism was satisfactory in terms of effectiveness,safety,and stability during 1y of *** astigmatism induced by the incision around 0.5 d is achieved

关键词： V4c Toric collamer lens corneal astigmatism surgically induced astigmatism corneal coupling

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