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Noninvasive Respiratory Strategies in Patients with Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure and cOVID-19 in Gabon: A Prospective Observational Study

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Open Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第1期12卷 18-27页

作者： Ghislain Edjo Nkilly Raphael Okoue Ondo Fernande Manga Stéphane oliveira Jean Marcel Mandji-Lawson Romain Tchoua Department of Emergency Anesthesia Resuscitation Omar Bongo Ondimba Army Training Hospital Libreville Gabon Department of Anesthesia and Resuscitation Libreville University Hospital Center Libreville Gabon Department of Anesthesia and Resuscitation Akanda Army Training Hospital Libreville Gabon

Importance: The best respiratory support technique to reduce intubation and mortality in patients with respiratory failure due to cOVID-19 is controversial. Objective: To determine the respiratory support technique that could reduce the need for tracheal intubation and mortality in patients with respiratory failure due to cOVID-19 admitted to intensive care units (IcUs) of Military’s Hospital (HIAOBO) in Gabon. Design, Setting, and Participants-Methodology: Prospective observational study over 10 months (January 2021-October 2021). We included patients admitted to intensive care for SARS cov2 pneumonia who had benefited from available ventilatory support: high concentration face mask, High Flow Nasal cannula (HFNc), NIV (Non Invasive Ventilation), continuous Positive Airway Pressure (cPAP). The choice was guided by the clinical condition, and the choice of the prescribing physicians. Recourse to mechanical ventilation was decided when faced with a Glasgow score of less than 13, an SpO2/FiO2 ratio ≤ 300, a FR ≥ 35/min, the impossibility of drainage of secretions. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was the proportion of patients requiring intubation. The secondary outcomes were mortality in IcU. Results: The sample included 97 patients, the average age was55.6 years, hypertension was the main comorbidity (51.1%). Mean respiratory rate (RR) was 30.8 cycles/min, admission SpO2 was 83%, respiratory alkalosis was present in 63% of patients, mean cT involvement was 51%.Respiratory support was NIV (56.7%), cPAP (21.65%), high concentration face mask (18.55%). Sixteen percent (16%) of patients were intubated, 93% of them following failure of NIV. Mortality was 30%, mechanical ventilation was an independent risk factor for mortality. conclusions: Non Invasive Ventilation, cPAP, and high-concentration face mask were frequently used in patients with cOVID-related acute respiratory failure. The cPAP has reduced the need for intubation. Mechanic

关键词： Respiratory Failure cOVID 19-Intensive care Units Military Hospital Gabon

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Local MFS Matrix Decomposition Algorithms for Elliptic BVPs in Annuli

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NUMERIcAL MATHEMATIcS-THEORY METHODS AND APPLIcATIONS 2024年第1期17卷 93-120页

作者： chen, c. S. Karageorghis, Andreas Lei, Min Univ Southern Mississippi Sch Math & Nat Sci Hattiesburg MS 39406 USA Univ cyprus Dept Math & Stat POB 20537 CY-1678 Nicosia Cyprus Taiyuan Univ Technol Coll Math Taiyuan 030024 Peoples R China

We apply the local method of fundamental solutions (LMFS) to boundary value problems (BVPs) for the Laplace and homogeneous biharmonic equations in annuli. By appropriately choosing the collocation points, the LMFS discretization yields sparse block circulant system matrices. As a result, matrix decomposition algorithms (MDAs) and fast Fourier transforms (FFTs) can be used for the solution of the systems resulting in considerable savings in both computational time and storage requirements. The accuracy of the method and its ability to solve large scale problems are demonstrated by applying it to several numerical experiments.

关键词： Local method of fundamental solutions Poisson equation biharmonic equation matrix decomposition algorithms fast Fourier transforms BOUNDARY-VALUE-PROBLEMS FUNDAMENTAL-SOLUTIONS RBF ALGORITHMS

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Geothermo-mechanical alterations due to heat energy extraction in enhanced geothermal systems: Overview and prospective directions

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Deep Underground Science and Engineering 2024年第3期3卷 256-268页

作者： Mary c.Ngoma Oladoyin Kolawole Olufemi Olorode John A.Reif Jr.Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNew Jersey Institute of TechnologyNewarkUSA Department of Petroleum Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton RougeUSA

Geothermal energy from deep underground (or geological) formations,with or without its combination with carbon capture and storage (ccS),can be a key technology to mitigate anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and meet the 2050 net‐zero carbon emission *** resources in low‐permeability and medium‐and high‐temperature reservoirs in sedimentary sequence require hydraulic stimulation for enhanced geothermal systems (EGS).However,fluid migration for geothermal energy in EGS or with potential cO_(2) storage in a cO_(2)‐EGS are both dependent on the in situ flow pathway network created by induced fluid *** thermo‐mechanical interactions can be complex and induce varying alterations in the mechanical response when the working fluid is water (in EGS) or supercritical cO_(2)(in cO_(2)‐EGS),which could impact the geothermal energy recovery from geological ***,there is a need for a deeper understanding of the heat extraction process in EGS and cO_(2)‐*** study presents a systematic review of the effects of changes in mechanical properties and behavior of deep underground rocks on the induced flow pathway and heat recovery in EGS reservoirs with or without cO_(2) storage in cO_(2) ‐***,we proposed waterless‐stimulated EGS as an alternative approach to improve heat energy extraction in ***,based on the results of our literature review and proposed ideas,we recommend promising areas of investigation that may provide more insights into understanding geothermo‐mechanics to further stimulate new research studies and accelerate the development of geothermal energy as a viable clean energy technology.

关键词： cO_(2)-EGS enhanced geothermal systems geomechanics geothermal energy underground thermal energy

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Mantle avalanches in a Venus-like stagnant lid planet

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第5期8卷 686-702页

作者： Madeleine c.Kerr Dave R.Stegman Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California

Stagnant lid planets are characterized by a globe-encircling, conducting lid that is thick and strong, which leads to reduced global surface heat flows. consequently, the mantles of such planets can have warmer interiors than Earth, and interestingly, a pyrolitic mantle composition under warmer conditions is predicted to have a distinctly different mantle transition zone compared to the present-day Earth(Hirose, 2002; Stixrude and Lithgow-Bertelloni, 2011; Ichikawa et al., 2014; Dannberg et al, 2022). Instead of olivine primarily transforming into its higher-pressure polymorphs such as wadsleyite and then ringwoodite, at pressures corresponding to410 km and 520 km depth in Earth, respectively, it instead transforms into a mineral assemblage of wadsleyite, majorite, and ferropericlase(WMF), and then to majorite + ferropericlase(MF), before finally transforming into bridgmanite at pressures corresponding to 660 km depth in Earth(Stixrude and Lithgow-Bertelloni, 2011; Ichikawa et al., 2014). convective motions in stagnant lid planets are dominated by small-scale instabilities(cold drips) forming within the mobile rheological sublayer under the rigid lid. Using ASPEcT and a thermodynamic model of a pyrolitic mantle composition generated by HeFESTo, we show that under certain conditions, the small drips can pond atop the WMF-MF mineral phase transition. The barrier to convective flow arises from the WMF mineral phase assemblage having an effective negative thermal expansivity(Stixrude and Lithgow-Bertelloni, 2022). Although large-scale downwellings that typically occur within mobile lid planets are able to pass through the WMF zone without difficulty(Dannberg et al., 2022; Li RP et al.,2024), the smaller and less negatively buoyant nature of downwelling drips in stagnant lid planets are more susceptible to these effects,which leads to an ephemeral layering of the mantle. Our numerical models show that in stagnant lid planets with mantle potential temperatures that exceed

关键词： Venus mantle avalanches numerical modelling phase transitions

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Non-coding RNAs in exercise immunology:A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第3期13卷 311-338,I0002页

作者： Mona Kotewitsch Melina Heimer Boris Schmitz Frank c.Mooren Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty of HealthUniversity of Witten/HerdeckeWitten 58455Germany DRV clinic Konigsfeld Center for Medical RehabilitationEnnepetal 58256Germany

Regular physical exercise has been recognized as a potent modulator of immune function,with its effects including enhanced immune surveillance,reduced inflammation,and improved overall *** strong evidence exists that physical exercise affects the specific expression and activity of non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)also involved in immune system regulation,heterogeneity in individual study designs and analyzed exercise protocols exists,and a condensed list of functional,exercise-dependent ncRNAs with known targets in the immune system is missing from the literature.A systematic review and qualitative analysis was used to identify and categorize ncRNAs participating in immune modulation by physical *** combined approaches were used:(a)a systematic literature search for“ncRNA and exercise immunology”,(b)and a database search for microRNAs(miRNAs)(miRTarBase and DIANA-Tarbase v8)aligned with known target genes in the immune system based on the Reactome database,combined with a systematic literature search for“ncRNA and exercise”.Literature searches were based on PubMed,Web of Science,and SPORTDiscus;and miRNA databases were filtered for targets validated by in vitro experimental *** were eligible if they reported on exercise-based interventions in healthy *** duplicate removal,95 studies were included reporting on 164 miRNAs,which were used for the qualitative *** studies reporting on long-noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)or circular RNAs were also *** were analyzed using ordering tables that included exercise modality(endurance/resistance exercise),acute or chronic interventions,as well as the consistency in reported change between *** criteria were defined as“validated”with 100%of≥3 independent studies showing identical direction of regulation,“plausible”(≥80%),or“suggestive”(≥70%).For resistance exercise,upregulation of miR-206 was validated while downregulation of miR-133a appeared *** endurance exer

关键词： Immune system Inflammation MicroRNA ncRNA Physical exercise

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Black hole shadows in Einstein-Bel-Robinson gravity

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chinese Physics c 2024年第5期48卷 272-283页

作者： B.Hamil B.c.Lütfüoğlu Laboratoire de Physique Mathématique et Subatomique Facultédes Sciences ExactesUniversitéConstantine 1ConstantineAlgeria Department of Physics University of Hradec KrálovéRokitanského 6250003 Hradec KrálovéCzechia

Gravity models given by higher-order scalar curvature corrections are believed to bear important consequences. Einstein-Bel-Robinson (EBR) gravity with quartic curvature modification motivated Sajadi et al. to explore static spherically symmetric black hole solutions using perturbative methods. In this study, inspired by their work, we investigate AdS black hole shadows in EBR gravity and demonstrate how the gravity parameter alters the energy emission rate. Finally, we address the same problem in the presence of plasma, because the black holes are thought to be surrounded by a medium that changes the geodesic of photons.

关键词： black hole shadows Einstein-Bel-Robinson gravity plasma

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Percutaneous decannulation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation using MANTA device:A real-world single-center experience

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World Journal of cardiology 2024年第10期16卷 574-579页

作者： Ioannis Milioglou Alice Qian Pedro Rafael Vieira de oliveira Salerno Gabriel Tensol Rodrigues Pereira Luis Augusto Palma Dallan Kelsey E Gray Michael Morrison Yasir Abu-Omar Mohammad Eldiasty cristian Baeza Department of cardiology University Hospitals Cleveland Medical CenterClevelandOH 44106United States Department of Surgery University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOH 44106United States

BAcKGROUND The MANTA vascular closure device(VcD)represents a novel approach to achieving hemostasis after large-bore femoral access *** clinical studies have evaluated the efficacy of the MANTA device across a range of patient populations undergoing different ***,there is still a paucity of data available concerning the use of MANTA devices in aiding the decannulation of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(VAEcMO).AIM To present our single-center experience of utilizing the MANTA VcD in patients undergoing this *** This single-center study included all patients undergoing percutaneous decannulation of femoral VA-EcMO using the MANTA plug-based VcD between January 2021 and October 2023 at University Hospitals cleveland Medical *** criteria were adult patients who required prolonged(>24 hours)hemodynamic support with *** included all-cause mortality,hemostasis,bleeding,limb ischemia,and site *** This is a retrospective cohort study of 19 patients with a mean age of 56.8 *** of them were males with a mean body mass index of *** most common extracorporeal membrane oxygenation indication was acute coronary syndrome complicated by cardiogenic shock at 36.8%.The mean length of intensive care unit stay for these patients was 18.8±8.42 *** out of 19 patients survived to *** MANTA device was successfully deployed in 19 patients,with 10 procedures conducted at the bedside and 9 in an operating room *** hemostasis was achieved within 5 minutes of MANTA deployment in 17 out of 19 *** 2 patients manual compression after Manta deployment was required to achieve adequate ***,acute lower extremity ischemia was noted in two patients,necessitating endovascular *** infections were reported at the site of MANTA *** Overall,based on our experience and that of other centers,the MANTA VcD

关键词： Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation MANTA Decannulation Hemostasis Ischemia

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Runx2 regulates peripheral nerve regeneration to promote Schwann cell migration and re-myelination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1575-1583页

作者： Rong Hu Xinpeng Dun Lolita Singh Matthew c.Banton School of Traditional chinese Medicine Department of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina The co-innovation center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Faculty of Health University of PlymouthPlymouthUK

Runx2 is a major regulator of osteoblast differentiation and function;however,the role of Runx2 in peripheral nerve repair is unclea ***,we analyzed Runx2expression following injury and found that it was specifically up-regulated in Schwann ***,using Schwann cell-specific Runx2 knocko ut mice,we studied peripheral nerve development and regeneration and found that multiple steps in the regeneration process following sciatic nerve injury were *** observed in Runx2 knoc kout mice include increased prolife ration of Schwann cells,impaired Schwann cell migration and axonal regrowth,reduced re-myelination of axo ns,and a block in macrophage clearance in the late stage of *** together,our findings indicate that Runx2 is a key regulator of Schwann cell plasticity,and therefore peripheral nerve ***,our study shows that Runx2 plays a major role in Schwann cell migration,re-myelination,and peripheral nerve functional recovery following injury.

关键词： macrophage clearance migration peripheral nerve injury regeneration re-myelination Runx2 Schwann cells

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Semi-analytical investigation of heat transfer in a porous convective radiative moving longitudinal fin exposed to magnetic field in the presence of a shape-dependent trihybrid nanofluid

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第1期45卷 197-216页

作者： c.G.PAVITHRA B.J.GIREESHA M.L.KEERTHI Department of PG Studies and Research in Mathematics Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghatta 577451India Department of Mathematics and Statistics M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesBengaluru 560058India

The thermal examination of a non-integer-ordered mobile fin with a magnetism in the presence of a trihybrid nanofluid(Fe_3O_4-Au-Zn-blood) is carried out. Three types of nanoparticles, each having a different shape, are considered. These shapes include spherical(Fe_3O_4), cylindrical(Au), and platelet(Zn) configurations. The combination approach is utilized to evaluate the physical and thermal characteristics of the trihybrid and hybrid nanofluids, excluding the thermal conductivity and dynamic viscosity. These two properties are inferred by means of the interpolation method based on the volume fraction of nanoparticles. The governing equation is transformed into a dimensionless form, and the Adomian decomposition Sumudu transform method(ADSTM) is adopted to solve the conundrum of a moving fin immersed in a trihybrid nanofluid. The obtained results agree well with those numerical simulation results, indicating that this research is reliable. The influence of diverse factors on the thermal overview for varying noninteger values of γ is analyzed and presented in graphical representations. Furthermore, the fluctuations in the heat transfer concerning the pertinent parameters are studied. The results show that the heat flux in the presence of the combination of spherical, cylindrical, and platelet nanoparticles is higher than that in the presence of the combination of only spherical and cylindrical nanoparticles. The temperature at the fin tip increases by 0.705 759% when the value of the Peclet number increases by 400%, while decreases by 11.825 13% when the value of the Hartman number increases by 400%.

关键词： convection radiation moving longitudinal fin Adomian decomposition Sumudu transform method(ADSTM) trihybrid nanofluid magnetic field

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Liver transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of neuroendocrine liver metastasis: Appraisal of the current evidence

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 146-153页

作者： Philip c.Muller Matthias Pfister Dilmurodjon Eshmuminov Kuno Lehmann Department of Surgery and Transplantation University Hospital ZurichRämistrasse 100Zurich CH-8091Switzerland

Background:Liver transplantation(LT)for neuroendocrine liver metastases(NELM)is still in *** comparing LT with liver resection(LR)for NELM are scarce,as patient selection is heterogeneous and experience is *** goal of this review was to provide a critical analysis of the evidence on LT versus LR in the treatment of *** sources:A scoping literature search on LT and LR for NELM was performed with PubMed,including English articles up to March ***:International guidelines recommend LR for NELM in resectable,well-differentiated tumors in the absence of extrahepatic metastatic disease with superior results of LR compared to systemic or liver-directed *** liver surgery has extended resectability criteria whilst entailing increased perioperative risk and short disease-free *** highly selected patients(based on the Milan criteria)with unresectable NELM,oncologic results of LT are *** factors include tumor biology(G1/G2)and burden,waiting time for LT,patient age and extrahepatic *** on low-level evi-dence,LT for low-grade NELM within the Milan criteria resulted in improved disease-free survival and overall survival compared to *** benefits of LT were lost in patients beyond the Milan ***:With adherence to strict selection criteria especially tumor biology,LT for NELM is becoming a valuable option providing oncologic benefits compared to *** evidence suggests even stricter selection criteria with regard to tumor biology.

关键词： Liver transplantation Neuroendocrine liver metastases Liver resection Selection criteria Tumor biology

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