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Early transmission dynamics of COVID-19 in a southern hemisphere setting:Lima-peru:February 29^(th)-March 30^(th),2020

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2020年第1期5卷 338-345页

作者： César V.Munayco Amna Tariq Richard Rothenberg Gabriela G.Soto-Cabezas Mary F.Reyes Andree Valle Leonardo rojas-Mezarina César Cabezas Manuel Loayza Gerardo Chowell 无 Centro Nacional de Epidemiología Prevencion y Control de EnfermedadesPeruvian Ministry of HealthLimaPeru Department of population Health Sciences School of Public HealthGeorgia State UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Instituto Nacional de Salud Peruvian Ministry of HealthLimaPeru peru COVID-19 working group

The COVID-19 pandemic that emerged in Wuhan China has generated substantial morbidity and mortality impact around the world during the last four *** daily trend in reported cases has been rapidly rising in Latin America since March 2020 with the great majority of the cases reported in Brazil followed by peru as of April 15th,*** peru implemented a range of social distancing measures soon after the confirmation of its first case on March 6th,2020,the daily number of new COVID-19 cases continues to accumulate in this *** assessed the early COVID-19 transmission dynamics and the effect of social distancing interventions in Lima,*** estimated the reproduction number,R,during the early transmission phase in Lima from the daily series of imported and autochthonous cases by the date of symptoms onset as of March 30th,*** also assessed the effect of social distancing interventions in Lima by generating short-term forecasts grounded on the early transmission dynamics before interventions were put in *** to the implementation of the social distancing measures in Lima,the local incidence curve by the date of symptoms onset displays near exponential growth dynamics with the mean scaling of growth parameter,p,estimated at 0.96(95%CI:0.87,1.0)and the reproduction number at 2.3(95%CI:2.0,2.5).Our analysis indicates that school closures and other social distancing interventions have helped slow down the spread of the novel coronavirus,with the nearly exponential growth trend shifting to an approximately linear growth trend soon after the broad scale social distancing interventions were put in place by the *** the interventions appear to have slowed the transmission rate in Lima,the number of new COVID-19 cases continue to accumulate,highlighting the need to strengthen social distancing and active case finding efforts to mitigate disease transmission in the region.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Transmission potential Short-term forecast Reproduction number Generalized growth model

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An Ecological Alternative for the Control of Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Sheep in Northern Veracruz （Mexico）

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2014年第1期3卷 14-17页

作者： Amalia Cabrera Nunez Miguel Angel Lammoglia Villagomez Iliana Del Carmen Daniel Renteria Rebeca rojas Ronquillo Department of Biological and Agricultural Sciences University of Veracruz Tuxpan 92870 Mexico

The objective was to evaluate the effect of aqueous infusion of cracked soursop seeds on two different concentrations as an organic dewormer compared to a commercial one in GNE （gastrointestinal nematodes） egg population in crossbred hair sheep （Blackbelly-Khatadin） of the northen region of Veracruz. The aqueous infusion was prepared adding 93.5 g of cracked soursop seeds in 1,875 mL of boiled water and let stand for 12 h. Crossbred ewes were randomly assigned to receive every 19 days：（1） 10 mL of cracked soursop infusion orally （n = 27）, （2） 15 mL of cracked soursop infusion orally （n = 27）, and （3） 2 mL of Febendazole subcutaneously （n = 26）. Feces （2-5 g） were collected directly from the rectum of each animal on the following days： 0, 19, 38 and 57 days post treatment. Nematode egg population was determined using the technique of McMaster. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA （analysis of variance）. There was a reduction overtime （p = 0.05） in all treatments in parasite egg population. There were no differences （p = 0.10） in egg population across treatments. In conclusion, aqueous infusion of soursop cracked seeds proved to be an environmentally friendly and effective alternative in the control of gastrointestinal parasites in crossbred hair sheep in the region of northern Veracruz.

关键词： Sheep soursop seed gastrointestinal nematode parasite.

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Effectiveness of the Experimental Fosfatriclaben in Comparison with Two Commercial Fasciolicides in Cattle

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pharmacology & pharmacy 2019年第11期10卷 498-506页

作者： Tania rojas-Campos Yolanda Vera-Montenegro Miguel Flores-Ramos Rafael Castillo Alicia Hernandez-Campos Froylan Ibarra-Velarde Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Departamento de ParasitologiaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico CityMexico Facultad de Quimica Departamento de FarmaciaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMexico CityMexico

The aim of the present study was to compare the fasciolicidal efficacy in cattle of an experimental water-soluble compound, named fosfatriclaben, a prodrug of triclabendazole, with two commercial fasciolicides. For this, twenty-four cross mixed milking cows, aged between 1 to 3 years, naturally infected with Fasciola hepatica, were used. To apply the treatment, animals were divided into 4 groups of 6 animals each being ranked according to their fecal fluke-egg count from the highest to the lowest number of eggs. The compounds were administered in the groups with a single dose. Group 1 (G1) was treated with 6 mg/kg/IM of fosfatriclaben, G2 was treated with triclabendazole at 12 mg/kg/pO;G3 was treated with 5% closantel at 10 mg/kg/SC and G4 was administered with 5 mL/IM of deionized water and served as untreated control. Fecal samples were analyzed on days—8, 0 (treatment day), 7, 14, 21 and 28 to count the number of fasciola eggs before and after the treatment using the sedimentation test. The efficacy was assessed as the percentage of fluke-egg reduction on treated groups relative to the untreated control. The resulting data were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric test, using the statistical IBM SpSS 24.0 (2016) program. Results indicated a fluke-egg reduction of 100% for fosfatriclaben along the study;triclabendazole showed an efficacy of 99.7% - 100% from day 7 to day 28. In the case of closantel, values from 98.8% to 99.6% were recorded from day 7 to day 28. No statistical differences between treatments were observed (p perimental fosfatriclaben administered at 6 mg/kg/IM to naturally infected cattle exerted a fasciolicidal efficacy similar to the drugs of choice for the treatment of fasciolosis (triclabendazole) when administered at 12 mg/kg/ pO, and closantel injected at 10 mg/kg/SC.

关键词： Fasciola hepatica prodrug Triclabendazole Closantel Cattle

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Words apart:Standardizing forestry terms and definitions across European biodiversity studies

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森林生态系统:英文版 2023年第4期10卷 459-471页

作者： Giovanni Trentanovi Thomas Campagnaro Tommaso Sitzia Francesco Chianucci Giorgio Vacchiano Christian Ammer MichałCiach Thomas ANagel Miren del Río Yoan paillet Silvana Munzi Kris Vandekerkhove Andrés Bravo-Oviedo Andrea Cutini Ettore D'Andrea pallieter De Smedt Inken Doerfler Dimitris Fotakis Jacob Heilmann-Clausen Jeňýk Hofmeister Jan Hošek philippe Janssen Sebastian Kepfer-rojas Nathalie Korboulewsky Bence Kovács Daniel Kozák Thibault Lachat Anders Mårell Radim Matula Martin Mikoláš Björn Nordén péterÓdor x Marko perović Elisabeth pötzelsberger peter Schall Miroslav Svoboda Flóra Tinya Mariana Ujházyová Sabina Burrascano Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems-National Research Council(IRET-CNR) Via Madonna Del Piano 1950019Sesto FiorentinoFIItaly Department of Land EnvironmentAgriculture and ForestryUniversitàdegli Studi di PadovaViale Dell’Università1635020LegnaroPDItaly National Biodiversity Future Center Piazza Marina 6190133PalermoItaly CREA Research Centre for Forestry and Wood Viale S.Margherita 8052100ArezzoItaly Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences(DISAA) University of MilanVia Celoria 220133MilanItaly Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones University of GöttingenGermany Department of Forest Biodiversity Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Agricultureal.29 Listopada 4631-425KrakówPoland Department of Forestry and Renewable Forest Resources Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaVecna pot 831000LjubljanaSlovenia Instituto de Ciencias Forestales(ICIFOR-INIA) CSICCtra.de la Coruña Km 7.528040MadridSpain University Grenoble Alpes LessemINRAE2 Rue de la Papeterie38402 Saint-Martin-d'HèresFrance Centro Interuniversitário de História Das Ciências e da Tecnologia Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade de LisboaPortugal Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental ChangesFaculdade de Ciências&CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability InstituteUniversidade de LisboaPortugal Research Institute for Nature and Forest(INBO) Havenlaan 88 Bus 731000BrusselBelgium Department of Biogeography and Global Change National Museum of Natural Sciences-CSICC/Serrano 115bis28006MadridSpain Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems-National Research Council(IRET-CNR) Via G.Marconi N.205010PoranoTRItaly Forest&Nature Lab Department of EnvironmentGhent UniversityGeraardsbergsesteenweg 2679090GontrodeBelgium Institute of Biology and Environmental Science Vegetation Science&Nature ConservationUniversity of OldenburgAmmerländer Heerstraße 114-11826129OldenburgGermany Forest Research Institute Hellenic Agricultural Organization DimitraVassilikaThessal

Forest biodiversity studies conducted across Europe use a multitude of forestry terms,often *** hinders the comparability across studies and makes the assessment of the impacts of forest management on biodiversity highly *** attempts to standardize forestry and stand description terminology mostly used a top-down approach that did not account for the perspectives and approaches of forest biodiversity *** work aims to establish common standards for silvicultural and vegetation definitions,creating a shared conceptual framework for a consistent study on the effects of forest management on *** have identified both strengths and weaknesses of the silvicultural and vegetation information provided in forest biodiversity *** quantitative data on forest biomass and dominant tree species are frequently included,information on silvicultural activities and vegetation composition is often lacking,shallow,or based on broad and heterogeneous *** discuss the existing classifications and their use in European forest biodiversity studies through a novel bottom-up and top-driven review process,and ultimately propose a common *** will enhance the comparability of forest biodiversity studies in Europe,and puts the basis for effective implementation and monitoring of sustainable forest management *** standards here proposed are potentially adaptable and applicable to other geographical areas and could be extended to other forest interventions.

关键词： Forest management Multi-taxon Terminology Silviculture Data harmonization

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Effect of Nutrimental Stress on the pigment Content of the Heliophytic poinsettia （Euphorbia pulcherrima cv. Valenciana）

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2012年第6期2卷 833-839页

作者： Yolanda Leticia Femandez-pavia Maria Teresa B. Colinas-Leon Rogelio Castro-Brindis Tito rojas Roque Gustavo Adolfo Baca-Castillo Departamento de Fitotecnia Instituto de Horticultura Universidad Autonoma Chapingo Texcoco Estado de Mdxico C.P. 56230Mexico Especialidad de Edafologla- Nutrici6n Vegetal Colegio de Postgraduados Campus Montecillo C.P. 56250 Texcoco Estado de Mexico

Nutrimental requirements of heliophytic poinsettias have not yet been determined, this information is essential for developing an adequate technological package to orient producers in its management. The behavior of the plant under nutritional stress needs to be known by the application of a hydroponic system. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the physiological effect of induced deficiencies of five macronutriments （nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, and magnesium） and its influence on the pigment production of the poinsettia Euphorbia puleherrima cv. ＂Valenciana＂. The study was made during 2010 at the Research Unit ＂Dr. Ramon Fernandez Gonzalez＂ in Texcoco, State of Mexico. Six treatments were tested during 240 days from transplant in a totally randomized experimental design. Chlorophylls contents were determined at the beginning of the experiment. At the end of the treatment period, the contents of nutrients, chlorophylls, leaf carotenoids and bract anthocyanins were determined. The effects observed as results of the treatments were： reduction in plant height and diameter; the lowest content of total chlorophylls was observed in the absence of nitrogen, the largest reduction being of chlorophyll a and carotenoids; a low content of anthocyanins was observed to be associated with low nitrogen and calcium; a high correlation was found between nitrogen supplementation and measured non-destructively with a SpAD 502 Minolta unit values measured intensity of green color of leaves.

关键词： poinsettia pigments nutriments hydroponics "Valenciana"

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Intracerebral Microdialysis in Neurosurgery for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Report of 2 preliminary Cases

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2020年第3期10卷 371-381页

作者： Sergio A. Sacchettoni Rafael Galera Juan F. Del Corral Juan p. Abud Aníbal pinero Luis Teneud Napoleón Torres Rafael rojas pedro Rada Félix Guerrero Edgar González Mónica Bifano Dely Yazawa Luis Hernández Hospital and School of Medicine JM Vargas Universidad Central de Venezuela Caracas Venezuela Centro Medico-Docente La Trinidad Caracas Venezuela Neurology Mobile System Associates Miami FL USA Laboratory of physiology of Behavior Universidad de Los Andes Mérida Venezuela University of Grenoble-Alpes CEA LETI Clinatec France

Neurosurgery for psychiatric disorders, notably for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), was initiated in Venezuela in the decade of 1970, and consisted since that time in the classic stereotactic anterior cingulotomy. In order to know further about the physiopathology of this disorder, we performed intracerebral microdialysis in 2 patients who were operated on. The aim was to measure changes in extracellular neurotransmitters within the basal ganglia. The microdialysis probes were stereotactically placed in the right caudate nucleus and in the dorsomedial nucleus of the right thalamus. The microdialysis was done before the left cingulotomy, during the pause and after the right cingulotomy. Glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) changes were similar in the caudate nucleus of both patients, whereas in the dorsomedial nucleus the changes were opposite among the 2 patients. Although this study does not bring enough data to explain such differences yet, the existence of dynamic changes in the neurochemistry of the basal ganglia during cingulotomy shows that intracerebral microdialysis can help in the understanding of the pathophysiology of OCD and eventually in the design of new surgeries with better results.

关键词： psychiatric Neurosurgery psychosurgery Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Intracerebral Microdialysis

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Joint effect among p53, CYp1A1, GSTM1 polymorphism combinations and smoking on prostate cancer risk： an exploratory genotype-environment interaction study

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2006年第A3期8卷 349-355页

作者： Luis A. Quinones Carlos E. Irarrázabal Claudio R. rojas Cristian E. Orellana Cristian Acevedo Christian Huidobro Nelson E. Varela Dante D. Cáiceres Laboratory of Chemical Carcinogenesis and pharmacogenetics Faculty of Medicine Biomedical Science Institute（ICBM） University of Chile lndependencia 1027 Santiago Chile Department of Urology National Cancer Corporation Chile Capellán Abarzúa 027 Providencia Santiago Chile Epidemiology Division School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Chile lndependencia 939Santiago Chile

Aim： To assess the role of several genetic factors in combination with an environmental factor as modulators of prostate cancer risk. We focus on allele variants of low-penetrance genes associated with cell control, the detoxification processes and smoking. Methods： In a case-control study we compared people carrying p53cd72 pro allele, CYp1A1 M1 allele and GSTM1 null genotypes with their prostate cancer risk. Results： The joint risk for smokers carrying pro^＊ and MI^＊, pro^＊ and GSTM1null or GSTM1 null and CYp1A1 MI^＊ variants was significantly higher （odds ratio [OR]： 13.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]： 2.41-71.36; OR： 3.97, 95% CI： 1.13-13.95 and OR： 6.87, 95% CI： 1.68-27.97, respectively） compared with that for the reference group, and for non-smokers was not significant. OR for combinations among p53cd72, GSTM1 and CYp1A1 M1 in smokers were positively and significantly associated with prostate cancer risk compared with non-smokers and compared with the putative lowest risk group （OR： 8.87, 95% CI： 1.25-62.71）. Conclusion： Our results suggest that a combination of p53cd72, CYp1A1, GSTM1 alleles and smoking plays a significant role in modified prostate cancer risk on the study population, which means that smokers carrying susceptible genotypes might have a significantly higher risk than those carrying non-susceptible genotypes.

关键词： p53cd72 GSTM1 CYp1A1 genetic polymorphism prostate cancer risk smoking

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Combining computer vision and deep learning to enable ultra-scale aerial phenotyping and precision agriculture:A case study of lettuce production

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 906-917页

作者： Alan Bauer Aaron George Bostrom Joshua Ball Christopher Applegate Tao Cheng Stephen Laycock Sergio Moreno rojas Jacob Kirwan Ji Zhou Earlham Institute Norwich Research ParkNorwich NR47UZUK plant phenomics Research Center China-UK Plant Phenomics Research CentreNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095 JiangsuChina School of Computing Sciences University of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwich NR47TJUK National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture MARA Key Laboratory for Crop System Analysis and Decision MakingJiangsu Key Laboratory for Information AgricultureNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095 JiangsuChina G’s Growers Limited ElyCambridgeshire CB75TZUK

Aerial imagery is regularly used by crop researchers,growers and farmers to monitor crops during the growing *** extract meaningful information from large-scale aerial images collected from the field,high-throughput phenotypic analysis solutions are required,which not only produce high-quality measures of key crop traits,but also support professionals to make prompt and reliable crop management ***,we report AirSurf,an automated and open-source analytic platform that combines modern computer vision,up-to-date machine learning,and modular software engineering in order to measure yield-related phenotypes from ultra-large aerial *** quantify millions of in-field lettuces acquired by fixed-wing light aircrafts equipped with normalised difference vegetation index(NDVI)sensors,we customised AirSurf by combining computer vision algorithms and a deep-learning classifier trained with over 100,000 labelled lettuce *** tailored platform,AirSurf-Lettuce,is capable of scoring and categorising iceberg lettuces with high accuracy(>98%).Furthermore,novel analysis functions have been developed to map lettuce size distribution across the field,based on which associated global positioning system(GpS)tagged harvest regions have been identified to enable growers and farmers to conduct precision agricultural practises in order to improve the actual yield as well as crop marketability before the harvest.

关键词： computer analysis equipped

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parasite Communities of the pacific Mole Crab,Emerita rathbunae(Anomura:Hippidae),in Sandy Beaches from Guerrero and Michoacan,Mexico

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2015年第4期5卷 468-476页

作者： Juan Violante-Gonzalez Guadalupe Quiterio-Rendon Scott Monks Sergio García-Ibanez Griselda pulido-Flores Agustín A.rojas-Herrera Edvino Larumbe-Moran Unidad Académica de Ecología Marina Universidad Autónoma de GuerreroAcapulcoMéxico Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de HidalgoPachucaMéxico Centro de Estudios Tecnológicos del Mar Lazaro CardenasMexico

The species composition and infection levels were determined for helminth parasites in the mole crab, Emerita rathbunae, collected from seven sandy beaches from Guerrero and Michoacán, México. A total of 494 crabs were collected between August and December of 2009. The number of crabs that were examined from each beach varied from 40 in Lázaro Cárdenas to 114 in El Revolcadero. The cephalothorax length varied significantly between the sampled beaches, from 32.9 ± 5.5 mm (Ixtapa) to 40.5 ±1.7 mm(Las Trancas). Four species of larval parasites were identified: 1 metacercaria (Microphallus nicolli), 1 cystacanth (profilicollis sp.), 1 cestode (Trypanorhyncha) and 1 nematode (proleptus sp.). Infection levels (prevalence and mean abundance) varied significantly between beaches, due to possible differences in the availability of final or intermediate hosts in beaches visited by tourist and those beaches not visited by tourists, as well as the size of individual hosts. Helminth communities, at levels of component and infracommunity, were characterized by a low number of species (3 to 4) and a high dominance by the metacercaria of M. nicolli. The body size of the hosts was positively correlated with the number of parasites and species richness of helminths, indicating that larger crabs accumulate a higher number of parasites during the lifetime, and that they harbor a higher number of species of helminth than smaller crabs.

关键词： parasite Community Emerita rathbunae Hippidae Mexican pacific Coast

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Decrease in the Hospital Stay of Neonates with Suspected Nosocomial Sepsis with the Use of a Molecular Biology Technique

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2019年第3期7卷 44-51页

作者： Jesús Reyna-Figueroa María Fernanda Rodríguez-Sánchez pilar Miyoko Martínez Matsumoto Federico Javier Ortiz-Ibarra Ana Elena Limón-rojas Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad Petróleos Mexicanos Mexico City Mexico Hospital ángeles del pedregal Mexico City Mexico

Introduction: Diagnostic alternatives that allow microbial identification in blood, such as molecular biology;have shown utility in neonatal sepsis. Objective: To evaluate the impact of a Light Cycler SeptiFast test (LCSF) on days of hospital stay and the use of newborn (NB) antibiotics with suspected sepsis. Methods: We included NB with LCSF test and blood culture (cases) and NB with only blood culture (controls). We evaluated the days of stay, days of antimicrobial use and number of deaths. Statistic analysis: Descriptive statistics was used. The association between the use of LCSF and variables such as mortality, days of stay, use of antimicrobials, and use of mechanical ventilation was analyzed by odds ratio with 95% CI. Results: We included 20 subjects in the case group and 40 in the control group. 8 (40%) of the cases were positive vs 6 (15%) of the controls in the control group. In the controls, the average days of stay were 65 + 15 vs 35 + 10 days of the cases (p Conclusions: The LCSF test influences the days of hospital stay, but does not impact mortality or the use of antimicrobials.

关键词： Sepsis Newborns Inpatient Stay SeptiFast

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