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Evolution of the rare earth trade network:A perspective of dependency and competition

Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第3期15卷 183-191页

作者： Jilan Xu Jiahao Li Vincent charles Xin Zhao School of Urban and Regional Science Shanghai University of Finance and EconomicsShanghai 200433China School of Business East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Management University of BradfordBradford BD71DPUnited Kingdom School of Statistics and Applied Mathematics Anhui University of Finance and EconomicsBengbu 233030China

As a global strategic reserve resource,rare earth has been widely used in important industries,such as military equipment and ***,existing analyses based solely on the total volume of rare earth trade fail to uncover the underlying competition and dependency *** address this gap,this paper employs the principles of trade preference and import similarity to construct dependency and competition *** network analysis is then employed to study the evolution of the global rare earth trade network from 2002 to *** main conclusions are as *** global rare earth trade follows the Pareto principle,and the trade network shows a scale-free *** has emerged as the world’s largest importer and exporter of rare earth since *** the dependency network,China has become the most dependent country since *** result of community division shows that China has separated from the American community and formed new communities with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)*** United States of America has formed a super-strong community with European and Asian *** the competition network,the distribution of competition intensity follows a scale-free *** countries face low-intensity competition,but there are numerous competing *** competition related to China has increased ***,the competition source for the United States of America has shifted from Mexico to China,resulting in China,the USA,and Japan becoming the core participants in the competition network.

关键词： Rare earth Trade network Dependency Competition Complex network analysis

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Tuberculosis Prevalence Trends from a Predictive Modelling Study-10 High-Burden Countries,1980-2035

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China CDC weekly 2024年第12期6卷 225-229,I0001,I0002页

作者： Qiuping Chen Qiao Liu Kangguo Li Laurent Gavotte roger Frutos Tianmu Chen CIRAD IntertrypMontpellierFrance Universitéde Montpellier MontpellierFrance State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine ResearchXiamen UniversityXiamen CityFujian ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases Xiang An Biomedicine LaboratorySchool of Public HealthXiamen UniversityXiamen CityFujian ProvinceChina Espace-Dev Universitéde MontpellierMontpellierFrance

What is already known about this topic?Given the challenges presented by drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis(TB)and the rising mobility of the population,achieving the objective of eradicating TB appears *** is added by this report?The examination of TB incidence trends in 10 highburden countries(HBCs)indicated a steady rise in cases,with India and China jointly accounting for nearly 70%of the *** for the future show diverse trajectories in these countries,with potential difficulties in reaching the TB elimination target,especially in Nigeria,Congo,and South *** are the implications for public health practice?The number of TB cases is on the *** is crucial to learn from successful strategies to improve TB prevention and control worldwide through collaborative efforts.

关键词： tuberculosis uncertain Tuberculosis

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Three-dimensional numerical analysis of plant-soil hydraulic interactions on pore water pressure of vegetated slope under different rainfall patterns

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第9期16卷 3696-3706页

作者： Haowen Guo charles Wang Wai Ng Qi Zhang Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina

Understanding the pore water pressure distribution in unsaturated soil is crucial in predicting shallow landslides triggered by rainfall,mainly when dealing with different temporal patterns of rainfall ***,the hydrological response of vegetated slopes,especially three-dimensional(3D)slopes covered with shrubs,under different rainfall patterns remains unclear and requires further *** address this issue,this study adopts a novel 3D numerical model for simulating hydraulic interactions between the root system of the shrub and the surrounding *** series of numerical parametric studies are conducted to investigate the influences of slope inclination,rainfall pattern and rainfall *** rainfall patterns(advanced,bimodal,delayed,and uniform)and two rainfall durations(4-h intense and 168-h mild rainfall)are considered to study the hydrological response of the *** computed results show that 17%higher transpiration-induced suction is found for a steeper slope,which remains even after a short,intense rainfall with a 100-year return *** extreme rainfalls with advanced(PA),bimodal(PB)and uniform(PU)rainfall patterns need to be considered for the short rainfall duration(4 h),while the delayed(PD)and uniform(PU)rainfall patterns are highly recommended for long rainfall durations(168 h).The presence of plants can improve slope stability markedly under extreme rainfall with a short duration(4 h).For the long duration(168 h),the benefit of the plant in preserving pore-water pressure(PWP)and slope stability may not be sufficient.

关键词： Root-soil interactions Rainfall patterns Slope stability Three-dimensional(3D)

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Metabolic reprogramming of the inflammatory response in the nervous system:the crossover between inflammation and metabolism

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2189-2201页

作者： Jesus Amo-Aparicio charles A.Dinarello Ruben Lopez-Vales Department of Medicine University of ColoradoAuroraCOUSA Institute of Neurosciences and Department Cell BiologyPhysiology and ImmunologyUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas(CIBERNED) Instituto de Salud Carlos ⅢSpain

Metabolism is a fundamental process by which biochemicals are broken down to produce energy(catabolism) or used to build macromolecules(anabolism). Metabolism has received renewed attention as a mechanism that generates molecules that modulate multiple cellular responses. This was first identified in cancer cells as the Warburg effect, but it is also present in immunocompetent cells. Studies have revealed a bidirectional influence of cellular metabolism and immune cell function, highlighting the significance of metabolic reprogramming in immune cell activation and effector functions. Metabolic processes such as glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid oxidation have been shown to undergo dynamic changes during immune cell response, facilitating the energetic and biosynthetic demands. This review aims to provide a better understanding of the metabolic reprogramming that occurs in different immune cells upon activation, with a special focus on central nervous system disorders. Understanding the metabolic changes of the immune response not only provides insights into the fundamental mechanisms that regulate immune cell function but also opens new approaches for therapeutic strategies aimed at manipulating the immune system.

关键词： central nervous system fatty acid oxidation glycolysis inflammation macrophage metabolism microglia neurodegeneration oxidative phosphorylation

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Exciton-polaritons in a 2D hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite microcavity with the presence of optical Stark effect

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 551-555页

作者： Kenneth Coker 郑楚媛 Joseph roger Arhin Kwame Opuni-Boachie Obour Agyekum 张伟利 School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Ho Technical UniversityHo 00233Ghana Telecommunication Engineering Department Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and TechnologyKumasi 00233Ghana

This study investigates the properties of exciton-polaritons in a two-dimensional(2D)hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite microcavity in the presence of optical Stark *** both steady and dynamic state analyses,strong coupling between excitons of perovskite and cavity photons is revealed,indicating the formation of polaritons in the perovskite ***,it is found that an external optical Stark pulse can induce energy shifts of excitons proportional to the pulse intensity,which modifies the dispersion characteristics of the polaritons.

关键词： exciton-polaritons perovskite microcavity optical Stark effect

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Recent Developments in Metallic Degradable Micromotors for Biomedical and Environmental Remediation Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第3期16卷 1-35页

作者： Sourav Dutta Seungmin Noh roger Sanchis Gual Xiangzhong Chen Salvador Pané Bradley J.Nelson Hongsoo Choi Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology(DGIST)Daegu 42988Republic of Korea DGIST‑ETH Microrobotics Research Center DGISTDaegu 42988Republic of Korea Multi‑Scale Robotics Lab Institute of Robotics and Intelligent SystemsETH Zurich8092 ZurichSwitzerland Institute of Optoelectronics State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and TechnologyShanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and PerceptionFudan UniversityShanghai 200433People’s Republic of China

Synthetic micromotor has gained substantial attention in biomedicine and environmental ***-based degradable micromotor composed of magnesium(Mg),zinc(Zn),and iron(Fe)have promise due to their nontoxic fuel-free propulsion,favorable biocompatibility,and safe excretion of degradation products Recent advances in degradable metallic micromotor have shown their fast movement in complex biological media,efficient cargo delivery and favorable biocompatibility.A noteworthy number of degradable metal-based micromotors employ bubble propulsion,utilizing water as fuel to generate hydrogen *** novel feature has projected degradable metallic micromotors for active in vivo drug delivery *** addition,understanding the degradation mechanism of these micromotors is also a key parameter for their design and *** propulsion efficiency and life span govern the overall performance of a degradable metallic *** we review the design and recent advancements of metallic degradable ***,we describe the controlled degradation,efficient in vivo drug delivery,and built-in acid neutralization capabilities of degradable micromotors with versatile biomedical ***,we discuss micromotors’efficacy in detecting and destroying environmental ***,we address the limitations and future research directions of degradable metallic micromotors.

关键词： Magnesium Zinc Iron Biodegradable microrobot Biomedical Environmental

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Recent advances on decomplexation mechanisms of heavy metal complexes in persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第6期35卷 146-154页

作者： Shili Wang Mamitiana roger Razanajatovo Xuedong Du Shunli Wan Xin He Qiuming Peng Qingrui Zhang State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource ReuseYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China Hebei Key Laboratory of Agroecological Safetye Key Laboratory Hebei University of Environmental EngineeringQinhuangdao 066102China College of Life&Environment Sciences Huangshan UniversityHuangshan 245041China

In some industrial wastewater,heavy metals combine with organic complexing agents to form heavy metal complexes(HMCs).These HMCs can be difficult to decompose and remove through conventional techniques due to their higher stability than free heavy metal *** recent years,persulfate based advanced oxidation processes(PS-based AOPs)have been recognized as a viable technique for HMCs ***,a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the relevant HMCs decomplexation mechanisms in PS-based AOPs is still *** review delineates the current progress of HMCs decomplexation in PS-based *** discuss the distinctions between the two widely used oxidant types in PS-based AOPs ***,we summarize and highlight the decomplexation mechanisms based on electron and energy transfer,and degradation pathways of *** also emphasize the effects of environmental water constituents,namely p H,inorganic ions,and natural organic matter(NOM),on HMCs ***,we identify the existing challenges and perspectives that will steer the direction of advancing PS-based AOPs to remove HMCs.

关键词： Heavy metal complexes Persulfate Advanced oxidation processes Decomplexation mechanisms Electron and energy transfer

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Glyphosate as a direct or indirect activator of pro-inflammatory signaling and cognitive impairment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第10期19卷 2212-2218页

作者： Yukitoshi Izumi Kazuko A.O'Dell charles F.Zorumski Department of Psychiatry Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA Taylor Family Institute for Innovative Psychiatric Research Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Glyphosate-based herbicides are widely used around the world, making it likely that most humans have significant exposure. Because of habitual exposure, there are concerns about toxicity including neurotoxicity that could result in neurological, psychiatric, or cognitive impairment. We recently found that a single injection of glyphosate inhibits long-term potentiation, a cellular model of learning and memory, in rat hippocampal slices dissected 1 day after injection, indicating that glyphosate-based herbicides can alter cognitive function. Glyphosate-based herbicides could adversely affect cognitive function either indirectly and/or directly. Indirectly, glyphosate could affect gut microbiota, and if dysbiosis results in endotoxemia(leaky gut), infiltrated bacterial by-products such as lipopolysaccharides could activate pro-inflammatory cascades. Glyphosate can also directly trigger pro-inflammatory cascades. Indeed, we observed that acute glyphosate exposure inhibits long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices. Interestingly, direct inhibition of long-term potentiation by glyphosate appears to be similar to that of lipopolysaccharides. There are several possible measures to control dysbiosis and neuroinflammation caused by glyphosate. Dietary intake of polyphenols, such as quercetin, which overcome the inhibitory effect of glyphosate on long-term potentiation, could be one effective strategy. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss possible mechanisms underlying neurotoxicity following glyphosate exposure as a means to identify potential treatments.

关键词： cognitive impairment glyphosate microglia neuroinflammation roundup toll-like receptor 4 zinc chelation

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Plant grafting:Molecular mechanisms and applications

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Molecular Plant 2024年第1期17卷 75-91页

作者： Ming Feng Frauke Augstein Abdul Kareem charles W.Melnyk Department of Plant Biology Linnean Center for Plant BiologySwedish University of Agricultural SciencesAlmas allé575651 UppsalaSweden

People have grafted plants since antiquity for propagation,to increase yields,and to improve stress *** cutting and joining of tissues activates an incredible regenerative ability as different plants fuse and grow as *** over a hundred years,people have studied the scientific basis for how plants ***,new techniques and a deepening knowledge of the molecular basis for graft formation have allowed a range of previously ungraftable combinations to ***,we review recent developments in our understanding of graft formation,including the attachment and vascular formation *** analyze why plants graft and how biotic and abiotic factors influence successful *** also discuss the ability and inability of plants to graft,and how grafting has transformed both horticulture and fundamental plant *** our knowledge about plant grafting improves,new combinations and techniques will emerge to allow an expanded use of grafting for horticultural applications and to address fundamental research questions.

关键词： plant grafting regeneration mobile molecules tissue adhesion vascular differentiation stress tolerance

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New evidence for the epigenetic regulation of skeletal stem cells

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Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2004-2006页

作者： Liming Zhao Jun Xiao charles K.F.Chan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Stanford University School of MedicineStanford CA 94305USA Department of Surgery Division of Plastic and Reconstructive SurgeryStanford University School of MedicineStanford CA 94305USA Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Tongji HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China

Skeletal stem cells(SSCs)are crucial for skeletal development and regeneration,yet the epigenetic regulation of these cells remains poorly *** studies have delineated the epigenetic landscape across the developmental trajectory of SSCs,highlighting the involvement of Ptip in regulating SSC *** skeletal system undergoes dynamic remodeling throughout *** stem cells(SSCs),residing within the skeleton and lineage-restricted,serve as a cellular reserve to foster development and maintain skeletal *** categorized within the broader mesenchymal stromal/stem cells(MSCs).

关键词： skeletal involvement maintain

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