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Is the whole greater than the sum of the parts? Self-rated health and transdisciplinarity

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Health 2013年第12期5卷 24-30页

作者： Martin Picard robert-paul Juster Catherine M. Sabiston Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA Department of Kinesiology University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery McGill University & Centre of Studies on Human Stress Fernand-Seguin Institute Un-iversitaire en Santé mentale de Montréal Montreal Canada

Self-rated health (SRH)—a person’s subjective evaluation of his general health—is a more valid and powerful predictor of morbidity and mortality than any other combination of objective and self-reported measures. However, current theoretical frameworks fail to explain this association. Here, we sought to investigate SRH in relation to health outcomes from a transdisciplinary perspective. Using a selective review of epidemiological, clinical and qualitative SRH literature, we analyzed the relationships between this global subjective self-perception of health (the whole) and its directly measurable constituents (the parts). Although SRH often predicts major health outcomes, its underpinnings vary from person to person. Factors influencing individual’s health interact in complex ways evade reductionist methods assessing the parts, and may be best captured by global self-perceptions of health. The study of SRH from a transdisciplinary perspective exemplifies the notion that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. Insight into individual’s experience of “health”, their association with physiological processes, and impact on the health/disease continuum may contribute to the development of individualized strategies for health care and promotion with aging. In particular, this should be most valuable for addressing non-communicable health conditions where cross-talk between health domains (biological, psychological, social, behavioral, spiritual) may significantly contribute to pathophysiology.

关键词： Self-Rated Health Self-Perception Transdisciplinary Systems Theoretical Framework

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可爱的失败者

疯狂英语（阅读版） 2004年第7期 50-52页

作者： robert paul Reyes 一一

进入“美国偶像”决赛圈的最后12名选手名单还没有公布,但是其中一名幸运的参赛者已经与唱片公司签了约,成立了歌迷会,拍了音乐录影带,成立数十个个人网站,还拥有在大大小小的电视台出镜的机会……要知道,该选手在第一轮比赛中就被淘汰... 详细信息

进入“美国偶像”决赛圈的最后12名选手名单还没有公布,但是其中一名幸运的参赛者已经与唱片公司签了约,成立了歌迷会,拍了音乐录影带,成立数十个个人网站,还拥有在大大小小的电视台出镜的机会……要知道,该选手在第一轮比赛中就被淘汰出局。

关键词：个人网站电视台奖学金获得者音乐唱片名单图书馆选拨人学意识

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仿真的限制

系统工程与电子技术 1984年第5期 62-66页

作者： robert Sugarman ,paul Wallich ,陈敏

从明天的天气,明年的经济到下几代的集成电路,飞机或下一世纪的聚变核电站,许多系统的行为都可用计算机进行仿真。众所周知,仿真的基本概念是,先建立描述系统行为的数学模型——微分方程组,然后将此方程组简化成计算机能作数值积分的形

关键词：网格点数学限制类模型气候预报气候展望气象预报旋涡

Differential equations / paul Blanchard, robert L. Devaney, Glen R. Hall. 2nd ed.

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Impact of Cannabis Use on Brain Structure and Function in Suppressed HIV Infection

2002年

作者： paul Blanchard robert L. Devaney Glen R. Hall.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2020年第8期10卷 344-370页

作者： Kalpana J. Kallianpur Rasmus Birn Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu Scott A. Souza Brooks Mitchell robert paul Dominic C. Chow Lindsay Kohorn Cecilia M. Shikuma Department of Tropical Medicine Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology University of Hawaii-Manoa Honolulu HI USA Center for Translational Research on Aging Kuakini Medical Center Honolulu HI USA Hawaii Center for AIDS University of Hawaii-Manoa Honolulu HI USA Department of Medical Physics School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA The Queen’s Medical Center Honolulu HI USA Missouri Institute of Mental Health University of Missouri-St Louis St. Louis MO USA

Background: Brain atrophy and cognitive deficits persist among individuals with suppressed HIV disease. The impact of cannabis use is unknown. Methods: HIV+ and HIV- participants underwent cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological testing. Lifetime frequency, duration (years), and recency of cannabis use were self-reported. Relationships of cannabis use to resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and to 9 regional brain volumes were assessed with corrections for multiple comparisons. Peripheral blood cytokines and monocyte subsets were measured in the HIV+ group and examined in relation to cannabis exposure. Results: We evaluated 52 HIV+ [50.8 ± 7.1 years old;100% on antiretroviral therapy ≥ 3 months;83% with plasma viral load 10 times/lifetime was linked to more somatic symptoms, better executive function, and lower CD14+CD16++ monocyte count. Conclusion: HIV+ individuals demonstrated opposing associations with cannabis. Recent use may weaken RSFC and prolonged consumption may exacerbate atrophy of the accumbens and other brain regions. More frequent or recent cannabis use may reduce the inflammation and CD14<

关键词： Resting-State Functional Connectivity Occipital Atrophy Inflammation Monocytes

French Validation of the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP-F)

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2016年第1期6卷 107-118页

作者： Smadar Valérie Tourjman Miriam H. Beauchamp Akram Djouini Mathilde Neugot-Cerioli Charlotte Gagner Philippe Baruch Serge Beaulieu Florence Chanut Andrée Daigneault robert-paul Juster Sonia Montmayeur Stéphane Potvin Scot Purdon Suzanne Renaud Evens Villenneuve Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal Montreal Canada Centre de Recherche de l’H?pital Ste-Justine Montreal Canada Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Québec Quebec Canada Douglas Mental Health University Institute Montreal Canada Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montréal Montreal Canada Faculté de Pharmacie d’Angers Université Angers Angers France Department of Psychiatry University of Alberta Edmonton Canada

Background: Measuring cognition in clinical practice is clearly essential to the appropriate characterisation of patients’ clinical status and to the development of a personalised care plan. The Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP) has been developed in order to provide a brief and accessible tool allowing the evaluation of cognitive function in psychiatric conditions. Objective: We present a validation of a French version of the SCIP. Method: Translation from English into French is carried out using the accepted back-translation method. Seventy-two healthy volunteers are characterised by demographic questionnaires and a neuropsychological battery. The French version of the SCIP is then administered on two separate occasions separated by at least a one-week interval. Results: High internal consistencies as well as strong correlations with comparable neuropsychological tests are obtained. A normalised Cronbach’s α = 0.66 is obtained. Conclusions: The French version of the SCIP (SCIP-F) yields results comparable to the English version. The SCIP represents an essential tool for the preliminary evaluation of cognition. Its characteristics, brevity and the lack of need for a technological platform, allow for its integration into clinical practice. Further testing of SCIP-F in various psychiatric conditions will yield valuable information on its potential in clinical settings.

关键词： Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry Cognitive Deficits Neuropsychological Assessment Cognitive Screening Patient-Centered Approaches

Subdifferentials of Distance Functions,Approximations and Enlargements

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2007年第3期23卷 507-520页

作者： Jean-paul PENOT robert RATSIMAHALO Department of Mathematics Faculty of Sciencesav.de l'Université BP 115564013 PA U CédexFrance Business Unit:Bank and Financials SODIFRANCE104 rue Castagnary75015 ParisFrance

In this work, we study some subdifferentials of the distance function to a nonempty nonconvex closed subset of a general Banach space. We relate them to the normal cone of the enlargements of the set which can be cons... 详细信息

关键词： Distance function Normal cone Regularization Subdifferential

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Towards estimating computer users＇ mood from interaction behaviour with keyboard and mouse

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2013年第6期7卷 943-954页

作者： Iflikhar Ahmed KHAN Willem-paul BRINKMAN robert HIERONS Department of Computer Software Engineering University of Engineering & Technology Mardan 23200 Pakistan Interactive Intelligence Group Delft University of Technology Delft 2628B the Netherlands Department of Information Systems and Computing Brunel University West London UB83PH UK

The purpose of this exploratory research was to study the relationship between the mood of computer users and their use of keyboard and mouse to examine the possibility of creating a generic or individualized mood measure. To examine this, a field study （n = 26） and a controlled study （n = 16） were conducted. In the field study, interaction data and self-reported mood measurements were collected during normal PC use over several days. In the controlled study, participants worked on a programming task while listening to high or low arousing background music. Besides subjective mood measurement, galvanic skin response （GSR） data was also collected. Results found no generic relationship between the interaction data and the mood data. However, the re- suits of the studies found significant average correlations be- tween mood measurement and personalized regression models based on keyboard and mouse interaction data. Together the results suggest that individualized mood prediction is pos- sible from interaction behaviour with keyboard and mouse.

关键词： keyboard mouse interaction mood measure computer users programming

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Pharmacogenetics in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第23期12卷 3657-3667页

作者： Marie Pierik paul Rutgeerts robert Vlietinck Severine Vermeire Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital GasthuisbergLeuvenBelgium Department of Epidemiology and Human Genetics Katholieke Universiteit LeuvenLeuvenBelgium

Pharmacogenetics is the study of the association between variability in drug response and （or） drug toxicity and polymorphisms in genes. The goal of this field of science is to adapt drugs to a patient＇s specific genetic background and therefore make them more efficacious and safe. In this article we describe the variants in genes that influence either the efficacy or toxicity of common drugs used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases （IBD）, ulcerative colitis （UC）, and Crohn＇s disease （CD） including sulfasalazine and mesalazine, azathioprine （AZA） and 6-mercaptopurine （6-MP）, methotrexate （MTX）, glucocorticosteroids （CSs） and infliximab. Furthermore, difficulties with pharmacogenetic studies in general and more specifically in IBD are described. Although pharmacogenetics is a promising field that already contributed to a better understanding of some of the underlying mechanisms of action of drugs used in IBD, the only discovery translated until now into daily practice is the relation between thiopurine S-methyltransferase （TPMT） gene polymorphisms and hematological toxicity of thiopurine treatment. In the future it is necessary to organize studies in well characterized patient cohorts who have been uniformly treated and systematically evaluated in order to quantitate drug response more objectively. An effort should be made to collect genomic DNA from all patients enrolled in clinical drug trials after appropriate informed consent for pharmacogenetic studies.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Pharmaco-genetics Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis