Impact of Cannabis Use on Brain Structure and Function in Suppressed HIV Infection

作     者：Kalpana J. Kallianpur Rasmus Birn Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu Scott A. Souza Brooks Mitchell Robert Paul Dominic C. Chow Lindsay Kohorn Cecilia M. Shikuma Kalpana J. Kallianpur;Rasmus Birn;Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu;Scott A. Souza;Brooks Mitchell;Robert Paul;Dominic C. Chow;Lindsay Kohorn;Cecilia M. Shikuma

作者机构：Department of Tropical Medicine Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology University of Hawaii-Manoa Honolulu HI USA Center for Translational Research on Aging Kuakini Medical Center Honolulu HI USA Hawaii Center for AIDS University of Hawaii-Manoa Honolulu HI USA Department of Medical Physics School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI USA Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA The Queen’s Medical Center Honolulu HI USA Missouri Institute of Mental Health University of Missouri-St Louis St. Louis MO USA 

出 版 物：《Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science》 (行为与脑科学期刊（英文）)

年 卷 期：2020年第10卷第8期

页      面：344-370页

学科分类：1004[医学-公共卫生与预防医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 100401[医学-流行病与卫生统计学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：Resting-State Functional Connectivity Occipital Atrophy Inflammation Monocytes 

摘      要：Background: Brain atrophy and cognitive deficits persist among individuals with suppressed HIV disease. The impact of cannabis use is unknown. Methods: HIV+ and HIV- participants underwent cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological testing. Lifetime frequency, duration (years), and recency of cannabis use were self-reported. Relationships of cannabis use to resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) and to 9 regional brain volumes were assessed with corrections for multiple comparisons. Peripheral blood cytokines and monocyte subsets were measured in the HIV+ group and examined in relation to cannabis exposure. Results: We evaluated 52 HIV+ [50.8 ± 7.1 years old;100% on antiretroviral therapy ≥ 3 months;83% with plasma viral load 10 times/lifetime was linked to more somatic symptoms, better executive function, and lower CD14+CD16++ monocyte count. Conclusion: HIV+ individuals demonstrated opposing associations with cannabis. Recent use may weaken RSFC and prolonged consumption may exacerbate atrophy of the accumbens and other brain regions. More frequent or recent cannabis use may reduce the inflammation and CD14