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Excess dietary Lys reduces feed intake, stimulates jejunal CCK secretion and alters essential and non‑essential blood AA profile in pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1336-1346页

作者： Maximiliano Muller Elout Van Liefferinge Alan Tilbrook robert van Barneveld Eugeni Roura Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality(LANUPRO) Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic EcologyGhent University339000 GhentFlandersBelgium Centre for Animal Science Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation and the School of Veterinary ScienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia SunPork Group BrisbaneQueensland 4009Australia

Background Commercial diets are frequently formulated to meet or exceed nutrient levels including those of lim-iting essential amino acids(AA)covering potential individual variations within the ***,the provision of dietary excess of AA,such as Lys,may lead to reduced appetite and growth in *** mechanisms modulat-ing these responses have not been extensively *** study evaluated the effect of Lys dietary excesses on performance and satiety biomarkers in post weaning *** Twenty-four pigs aged 21 d and weighing 6.81±0.12kg(mean±SEM)were individually housed and offered 1 of 4 dietary treatments for 3weeks:a diet containing a standardized ileal digestible Lys reaching 100%(T0),120%(T1),150%(T2)or 200%(T3)of the NRC(2012)*** the end of the experiment,blood samples from the cephalic vein of the T0 and T3 groups were obtained for AA *** addition,primary intestinal cultures from T0 pigs were used,following their humane killing,to evaluate the effect of Lys on gut hormone secretion and AA sensors gene expression under ex vivo *** Feed intake was linearly reduced(P<0.001)and the weight gain to feed ratio reduced(P<0.10)with increased dietary levels of Lys during the third-and first-week post weaning,*** con-centration(P<0.05)and the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 and the solute carrier family 7 member 2(P<0.10)gene expression was enhanced in proximal jejunum tissues incubated with Lys at 20mmol/L when compared to the control(Lys 0mmol/L).Plasma Lys and Glu(P<0.05)concentration increased in the T3 compared to T0 *** contrast,plasma levels of His,Val,Thr,Leu(P<0.05)and Gln(P<0.10)were lower in T3 than T0 *** The present results confirm that excess dietary Lys inhibits hunger in ***,the results provide evidence of pre-and post-absorptive mechanisms modulating these *** dietary excesses should be nar-rowed,when possible,to avoid negative effects of

关键词： Amino acid Blood Cholecystokinin Feed intake Lysine Pig Satiety

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Hydrodynamic function and spring constant calibration of FluidFM micropipette cantilevers

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 277-286页

作者： Attila Bonyár Ágoston G.Nagy Hans Gunstheimer Gotthold Fläschner robert Horvath Department of Electronics Technology Faculty of Electrical Engineering and InformaticsBudapest University of Technology and EconomicsBudapestHungary Nanobiosensorics Laboratory Institute of Technical Physics and Materials ScienceCentre for Energy ResearchHUN-RENBudapestHungary Nanosurf AG Gräubernstrasse 12CH-4410 LiestalSwitzerland

Fluidic force microscopy(FluidFM)fuses the force sensitivity of atomic force microscopy with the manipulation capabilities of microfluidics by using microfabricated cantilevers with embedded fluidic *** innovation initiated new research and development directions in biology,biophysics,and material *** acquire reliable and reproducible data,the calibration of the force sensor is ***,the hollow FluidFM cantilevers contain a row of parallel pillars inside a rectangular *** precise spring constant calibration of the internally structured cantilever is far from trivial,and existing methods generally assume simplifications that are not applicable to these special types of *** addition,the Sader method,which is currently implemented by the FluidFM community,relies on the precise measurement of the quality factor,which renders the calibration of the spring constant sensitive to *** this study,the hydrodynamic function of these special types of hollow cantilevers was experimentally determined with different *** on the hydrodynamic function,a novel spring constant calibration method was adapted,which relied only on the two resonance frequencies of the cantilever,measured in air and in a *** on these results,our proposed method can be successfully used for the reliable,noise-free calibration of hollow FluidFM cantilevers.

关键词： spring cantilever function

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Three-stage pyrolysis–steam reforming–water gas shift processing of household,commercial and industrial waste plastics for hydrogen production

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2024年第1期6卷 25-37页

作者： Rayed Alshareef robert Sait-Stewart Mohamad A.Nahil Paul T.Williams School of Chemical and Process Engineering University of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK

Five common single plastics and nine different household,commercial and industrial waste plastics were processed using a three-stage(i)pyrolysis,(ii)catalytic steam reforming and(iii)water gas shift reaction system to produce *** of plastics produces a range of different hydrocarbon species which are subsequently catalytically steam reformed to produce H_(2)and CO and then undergo water gas shift reaction to produce further H_(2).The process mimics the commercial process for hydrogen production from natural *** of the single polyalkene plastics(high-density polyethylene(HDPE),low-density polyethylene(LDPE),and polypropylene(PP))produced similar H_(2)yields between 115 mmol and 120 mmol per gram *** though PS produced an aromatic product slate from the pyrolysis stage,further stages of reforming and water gas shift reaction produced a gas yield and composition similar to that of the polyalkene plastics(115 mmol H_(2)per gram plastic).PET gave significantly lower H_(2)yield(41 mmol per gram plastic)due to the formation of mainly CO,CO_(2)and organic acids from the pyrolysis stage which were not conducive to further reforming and water gas shift reaction.A mixture of the single plastics typical of that found in municipal solid waste produced a H_(2)yield of 102 mmol per gram *** the gas yields and composition from the single plastics enabled an estimation of the yields from a simulated waste plastic mixture and a‘real-world’waste plastic mixture to be *** different household,commercial and industrial waste plastic mixtures produced H_(2)yields between 70 mmol and 107 mmol per gram *** H_(2)yield and gas composition from the single waste plastics gave an indication of the type of plastics in the mixed waste plastic samples.

关键词： Waste plastic Hydrogen Catalyst Pyrolysis reforming Water gas shift

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Natural parasites in conjunction with behavioral and color traits explain male agonistic behaviors in a lizard

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 59-69页

作者： Rodrigo Megia-Palma Dhanashree Paranjpe robert D.Cooper Pauline Blaimont Barry Sinervo Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology Parasitology UnitUniversidad de Alcala(UAH)E-28805Alcala de HenaresSpain CIBio Centro de Investigagao em Biodiversidade e Recursos GeneticosInBIO Laboratorio AssociadoCampus de VairaoUniversidade do PortoP-4485-661 VairaoPortugal BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land PlanningCIBIOCampus de VairaoP-4485-661 VairaoPortugal Rupa Rahul Bajaj Center for Environment and Art Empress Botanical GardensKavade MalaPuneIndia Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Biology University of Houston Downtown1Main St.HoustonTX 77002USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCA 95064USA

Male competition conforms to a cost-benefit model,because while aggression may increase reproductive prospects,it can also increase the risk of *** hypothesize that an additional cost in aggressive males would be an increase in parasite load associated with a high energy investment into sexual *** of these infections,in turn,may downmodulate the level of host aggression via energetic *** staged dyadic male contests in the lab to investigate the relationships of multiple parasites with the agonistic behavior of lizard hosts,Sceloporus *** also included both color and behavioral traits from opponents in the analyses because(1)color patches of lizards may serve as intraspecific signals used by conspecifics to assess the quality of opponents,and(2)contests between male lizards fit classical models of escalated aggression,where lizards increase aggression displays in response to an opponent's *** results conform to our hypothesis because male lizards displayed more pushups when they had more ***,some parasites may modulate the levels of aggression because lizards infected by hematic coccidians performed fewer ***,lizards also displayed fewer pushups when both the chroma and size of the opponent's blue patch were *** results thus also supported the role of the blue patch of *** as a sexual armament,because it contributed to the deterrence of aggression from opponent *** revealed that natural parasitic infections in lizard hosts can contribute to their agonistic *** encourage future studies to account for parasites in behavioral testswithlizards.

关键词： Ixodes pacificus Lankesterella sexual selection social interactions ticks

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Effect of reaction and post-treatment conditions on physico-chemical properties of magnetic iron oxide nano-particles Author links open overlay panel

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Particuology 2024年第8期91卷 155-167页

作者： Masome Moeni Mohamed Edokali Matthew Rogers Oscar Cespedes Louey Tliba Tamseela Habib robert Menzel Ali Hassanpour School of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Physical ScienceUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK School of Physics and Astronomy Faculty of Engineering and Physical ScienceUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK Mechanical Engineering Department University of Engineering&TechnologyLahorePakistan School of Chemistry Faculty of Engineering and Physical ScienceUniversity of LeedsLeedsLS29JTUK

Poor stability and dispersibility,as well as aggregation are considered as major challenges in clinical application of iron oxide nanoparticles(IONPs).Several studies have shown that the synthesis parameters and post-synthesis treatments e.g.,drying methods,have the capability to improve the particles'***,we investigate the combined effect of synthesis and post-treatment parameters on the particle size,stability and magnetism of ***(Fe_(3)O_(4))NPs were prepared via co-precipitation and post-treated using different methods,i.e.(i)freeze dried at-53℃,0.133 mbar for 48 h(liquid nitrogen frozen(LFD)and freezer frozen(FFD)),(ii)vacuum oven dried(VOD)at 60℃for 24 h,and(iii)kept wet colloidal(WET),dispersed in deionized *** Fe_(3)O_(4)NPs’chemical functional groups,size,shape,crystallinity,stability,aggregation,porosity,and magnetic properties were further analysed using different characterisation *** results showed that,while the WET sample had the best stability and significantly less aggregation at different temperatures,amongst post-treated Fe_(3)O_(4)NPs,LFD sample exhibited the best stability(up to 37℃),dispersion and smallest polydispersity ***,all dried NPs had superparamagnetic characteristics,while,LFD Fe_(3)O_(4)NPs had better magnetic properties and stability than other drying methods.

关键词： Iron oxide nanoparticles Co-precipitation Stability Aggregation Magnetic properties

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Extracellular vesicles and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in COVID-19 disease

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BIOCELL 2024年第1期48卷 1-8页

作者： YU LIU robert J.KASPER NATALIE J.S.CHOI Department of Family and Community Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinois

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are membranous vesicular structures released from almost all eukaryotic cell types under different physiological or pathological *** evidence demonstrates that EVs can serve as mediators of intercellular communication between donor and recipient cells or microorganism-infected and noninfected *** disease 2019(COVID-19)disease is caused by infection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)of host cells in the respiratory system and various extra-pulmonary tissue/organs,resulting in complications of multiple organ *** the cell surface receptor,angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)mediates cellular entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the host cells in patients with *** studies have found that ACE2 can be released with EVs,which have been shown to interfere with the entry of the virus into host cells and thus may be involved in COVID-19 *** addition,ACE2,neprilysin(NEP),and thimet oligopeptidase(TOP)are the key enzymes that regulate angiotensin metabolism by converting angiotensin II or angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-7,the latter of which has protective effects in counterbalancing the harmful effects of angiotensin II in COVID-19 *** review summarizes the recent research progress regarding EV-associated ACE2,NEP,and TOP and the perspectives of their potential involvement in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 disease.

关键词： Extracellular vesicles COVID-19 Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 Thimet oligopeptidase

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Thermal History of Cambrian Burgess Shale-Type Deposits:New Insights from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang and Qingjiang Fossils of South China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第4期35卷 1215-1223页

作者： Yuheng Qiao Linhao Cui Guangyuan Xing Dongjing Fu Chao Chang robert Gaines Xingliang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Shaanxi Key laboratory of Early Life and EnvironmentsDepartment of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China Department of Geology Pomona CollegeClaremontCA91711USA

Burgess Shale-type deposits provide a wealth of information on the early evolution of *** that are central to understanding the exceptional preservation of these biotas and the paleoenvironments they inhabited may be obscured by the post-depositional alteration due to metamorphism at depth and weathering near the Earth’s *** over 50 Cambrian BST biotas,the Chengjiang and Qingjiang deposits are well known for their richness of soft-bodied taxa,fidelity of preservation,and Early Cambrian *** alteration via weathering has been well-investigated,the thermal maturity of the units bearing the two biotas has not yet been *** we investigate peak metamorphic temperatures of the two deposits using two independent *** gradient analyses demonstrate that the most fossiliferous sections of the Chengjiang were buried at a maximum depth of∼8500 m in the Early Triassic,corresponding to∼300°C,while the type area of the Qingjiang biota was buried at a maximum depth of∼8700 m in the Early Jurassic,corresponding to∼240°*** geothermometer analyses of fossil carbonaceous material demonstrate that peak temperatures varied across localities with different burial *** two productive sections of the Chengjiang biota were thermally altered at a peak temperature of approximately 300°C,and the main locality of the Qingjiang biota experienced a peak temperature of 238±22°*** results from two independent methods are *** BST deposits for which thermal maturity has been documented,the Qingjiang biota is the least thermally mature,and therefore holds promise for enriching our understanding of BST deposits.

关键词： the Chengjiang Biota the Qingjiang Biota burial history Raman geothermometer thermal history Burgess Shale-type Lagerstätte

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High temperature oxidation of inoculated high Si/SiMo ductile cast irons in air and combustion atmospheres

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China Foundry 2024年第5期21卷 555-562页

作者： Iuliana Stan Mihai Chisamera robert Lascu Codrut Cariga Eduard Stefan Stelian Stan Denisa Anca Iulian Riposan National University of Science and Technology POLITEHNICA Bucharest Materials Science and Engineering Faculty313 Splaiul IndependenteiSector 6060042 BucharestRomania

The present work aims to investigate the effect of heating temperature(400,600 and 800°C)and inoculating elements(Ca,Ca-Ba,Ca-RE)on oxidation behavior of ductile irons containing 5.25%Si and 4.8%Si-2.3%Mo in dry air and combustion gas containing water vapour(natural gas burning).The oxidation is influenced by the gas atmosphere type,the iron alloying system,and the inoculating elements depending on the heating *** weight gain increases from 0.001%-0.1%(400°C)to 0.05%-0.70%(600°C)and up to 0.10%-2.15%(800°C).No particular effects of the considered influencing factors are found when heating at 400°C,while at 600°C,mainly the oxidation gas atmosphere type shows a visible *** the highest heating temperature of 800°C,a limited increase of the weight gain is found for dry air atmosphere(up to 0.25%),but it drastically increases for combustion atmospheres(0.65%-2.15%).The water vapour presence in the combustion atmosphere is an important oxidising factor at 600-800°*** alloying system appears to influence the oxidation behavior mainly at a heating temperature of 800°C in the combustion atmosphere,as evidenced by the lower weight gain in 5.25%silicon cast *** effects of inoculating elements increase with the heating temperature,with Ca and Ba-FeSi inoculation generally showing better *** inoculated with CaRE-FeSi exhibit a higher degree of *** results are in good relationship with the previous reported data:Ca-Ba-inoculation system appears to be better than simple Ca for improving the graphite parameters,while RE-bearing inoculant negatively affects the compactness degree of graphite particles in high-Si ductile *** the lower compactness degree is typical for graphite nodules in high-Si ductile irons,which negatively affects the oxidation resistance,it is necessary to employ specific metallurgical treatments to improve nodule ***,in particular,is a potential method to achieve this improvement.

关键词： ductile iron spheroidal graphite Si/SiMo oxidation air/combustion atmospheres FeSiCaMgRE treatment Ca,Ca-Ba,Ca-RE inoculation structure characteristics

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Airway management of a patient with linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第13期12卷 2263-2268页

作者： Olga C Nin robert Hutnik Neil N Chheda David Hutchinson Department of Anesthesiology University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFL 32610United States Department of Otolaryngology University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFL 32610United States

BACKGROUND There is limited literature on managing the airway of patients with linear immunoglobulin A(IgA)bullous dermatosis,a rare mucocutaneous disorder that leads to the development of friable *** clinical decision making is necessary when there is a risk of bleeding into the airway,and a multidisciplinary team approach may lead to decreased patient morbidity during these high-risk scenarios,especially when confronted with an unusual cause for *** SUMMARY A 45-year-old African American female presented to our ambulatory surgical center for right corneal transplantation due to corneal perforation after blunt trauma in the setting of cicatricial conjunctivitis and diffuse corneal neovascularization from linear IgA bullous *** diagnosis of IgA dermatosis was recent,and the patient had been lost to *** severity of the disease and extent of airway involvement was unknown at the time of the *** airway bleeding was noticed upon intubation and the otorhinolaryngology team had to be called to the operating *** patient required transfer to the intensive care unit where a multidisciplinary team was involved in her *** patient was extubated on postoperative day *** A multidisciplinary approach to treating this disease is the best course of action before a surgical *** our case,key communication between the surgery,anesthesia,and dermatology teams led to the quick and safe treatment of our patient’s *** surgery should not be considered for these cases unless they are in full remission and there is no mucous membrane involvement.

关键词： Airway management Bleeding risk Linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis Multidisciplinary approach Outpatient procedure Case report

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Bioactive compounds in Hericium erinaceus and their biological properties:a review

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第4期13卷 1825-1844页

作者： Yue Qiu Genglan Lin Weiming Liu Fuming Zhang robert J.Linhardt Xingli Wang Anqiang Zhang College of Food Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of TechnologyHangzhou 310014China Zhejiang Biosan Biotech Co. Ltd.Hangzhou 310052China Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering Biological ScienceCenter for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA

Hericium erinaceus is a nutritious edible and medicinal fungi,rich in a variety of functional active ingredients,with various physiological functions such as antioxidation,anticancer,and enhancing *** is also effective in protecting the digestive system and preventing neurodegenerative *** this review paper,we summarize the sources,structures and efficacies of the main active components in *** fruiting body,mycelium,and culture media,and update the latest research progress on their biological activities and the related molecular *** on this information,we provide detailed challenges in current research,industrialization and information on the active ingredients of *** for future studies and new applications of *** are proposed.

关键词： Hericium erinaceus Bioactive compounds Biological activities Antioxidation Neuroprotection Immunoregulation

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