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State of the art in finite element approaches for milling process:a review

Advances in Manufacturing 2023年第4期11卷 708-751页

作者： Shailendra Chauhan Rajeev Trehan ravi Pratap singh Department of Industrial and Production Engineering Dr.B R Ambedkar National Institute of TechnologyJalandharPunjabIndia

Over a century,metal cutting has been observed as a vital process in the domain of *** the numerous available metal-cutting processes,milling has been considered as one of the most employable processes to machine a variety of engineering materials *** the milling process,material removal occurs when the workpiece is fed against a rotating tool with multiple cutting *** order to maximize the profitability of metal cutting operations,it is essential that the various input and output variable relationships are analyzed and *** experimental method of studying milling processes is costly and time demanding,particularly when a large variety of elements such as cutting tool shape,materials,cutting conditions,and so on,are *** to these issues,other alternatives emerged in the form of mathematical simulations that employ numerical *** finite element approaches have well-proven to be the most practical and commonly utilized numerical *** finite element model(FEM)can be used to determine the various physical interactions occurring during the machining process along with the prediction of various milling characteristics,such as cutting forces,cutting temperature,stresses,etc.,with the help of milling *** the present article,various research studies in the broad milling process domain practiced with numerous finite element approaches have been critically reviewed and *** further highlights the several experimental and finite element approaches-based research studies that attempted to analyze and optimize the overall performance of the different milling *** recent years,various investigators have explored numerous ways to enhance milling performance by probing the different factors that influence the quality *** of the studies have also been found to be focused on the economic impacts of milling and various process inputs that affect milling ***,various milli

关键词： Milling Finite element modeling(FEM) Micro milling Turn-milling

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Blockchain technology applications for Industry 4.0:A literature-based review

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2021年第4期2卷 1-11页

作者： Mohd Javaid Abid Haleem ravi Pratap singh Shahbaz Khan Rajiv Suman Department of Mechanical Engineering Jamia Millia IslamiaNew Delhi110025India Department of Industrial and Production Engineering Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of TechnologyJalandharPunjab144011India Institute of Business Management GLA UniversityMathuraUttar Pradesh281406India Department of Industrial&Production Engineering Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture&TechnologyPantnagarUttarakhand263145India

Industry 4.0 involves innovations with upcoming digital technologies,and blockchain is one of *** can be incorporated to improve security,privacy,and data transparency both for small and large *** 4.0 is a synthesis of the new production methods that allow manufacturers to achieve their target more *** has been conducted on various Industry 4.0 technologies like Artificial Intelligence(AI),Internet of Things(IoT),Big data,and Blockchain,and how they could create significant interruptions in recent *** technologies provide various possibilities in the world of manufacturing and supply *** is a technology that has gained much recognition and can enhance the manufacturing and supply chain *** fields now have fascinating insights into the advantages of *** research articles on“Blockchain”and“Industry 4.0”from Google Scholar,Scopus,and other relevant sources are identified and reviewed for this *** paper discusses the major potential of Blockchain in Industry *** drivers,enablers,and associated capabilities of Blockchain technology for Industry 4.0 are discussed for *** Industry 4.0 spheres/sub-domains for Blockchain technology realisation are also ***,we have identified and studied fourteen significant applications of Blockchain in Industry *** is a range of new developments and hope for immense opportunities that are changing Industry *** technology would work to achieve amplified outcomes and work individually to enhance the process.

关键词： Blockchain Industry 4.0 Information Data storage Manufacturing

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Progress Towards Genetics and Breeding for Minor Genes Based Resistance to Ug99 and Other Rusts in CIMMYT High-Yielding Spring Wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第2期13卷 255-261页

作者： ravi Prakash singh Sybil Herrera-Foessel Julio Huerta-Espino Sukhwinder singh Sridhar Bhavani Caixia Lan Bhoja Raj Basnet CIMMYT Apdo.Postal 6-641Mexico DF 06600Mexico INIFAP-CEVAMEX Apdo.Postal 10Chapingo 56230Mexico CIMMYT ICRAF BuildingNairobi 00621Kenya

Wheat rusts continue to cause significant losses worldwide despite major efforts given to their genetic control. This is due to frequent evolution and selection of virulence in pathogen overcoming the deployed race-specific resistance genes. Although the life of effective race-specific resistance genes can be prolonged by using gene combinations, an alternative approach being implemented at CIMMYT is to deploy varieties that posses adult plant resistance （APR） based on combinations of minor, slow rusting genes. When present alone, the APR genes do not confer adequate resistance especially under high disease pressure; however, combinations of 4 or 5 minor genes usually result in ＂near-immunity＂ or a high level of resistance. Although only a few APR genes are catalogued, various APR QTLs are now known and could lead to further characterization of additional genes. Four characterized genes have pleiotropic effects in conferring partial APR to all 3 rusts and powdery mildew, thus simplifying the task of breeding wheat varieties that are resistant to multiple diseases. Significant progress was made recently in developing high-yielding wheat germplasm that possesses high levels of APR to all three rusts by implementing a Mexico- Kenya shuttle breeding scheme. Parents with APR to Ug99 were hybridized with high-yielding parents that had adequate to high levels of APR to leaf rust and yellow rust. Segregating populations and advanced lines from these crosses were selected under high rust pressures in Mexico （leaf rust and yellow rust） and Kenya （Ug99 stem rust and yellow rust） to identify high- yielding progenies that possess high to adequate APR to all three rusts. International distribution of these high-yielding wheats is underway through CIMMYT intemational yield trials and screening nurseries. It is expected that several wheat varieties with APR to three rusts will be released and grown in various countries in the near-future that will allow determining the durability o

关键词： Triticum aestivum Puccinia graminis Puccinia triticina Puccinia striiformis genetics breeding wheat rustresistance

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3D printing applications for healthcare research and development

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Global Health Journal 2022年第4期6卷 217-226页

作者： Mohd Javaid Abid Haleem ravi Pratap singh Rajiv Suman Department of Mechanical Engineering Jamia Millia IslamiaNew Delhi 110025India Department of Industrial and Production Engineering Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology JalandharPunjab 144011India Department of Industrial and Production Engineering G.B.Pant University of Agriculture and Technology PantnagarUttarakhand 263145India

There is a growing demand for customised,biocompatible,and sterilisable components in the medical busi-ness.3D Printing is a disruptive technology for healthcare and provides significant research and development *** 3D printing service gives patients low-cost individualised prostheses,implants,and gadgets,en-abling surgeons to operate more effectively with customised equipment and models;and assisting medical device manufacturers in developing new and faster goods.3D printed tissue pieces can overcome various challenges and may eventually allow medication companies to streamline research and *** the long run,it may also assist in lowering prices and making medicines more accessible and effective for *** is a growing corpus of research on the advantages of employing 3D printed anatomic models in teaching and *** capacity to 3D printing individual anatomical diseases for practical learning is one of the funda-mental contrasts between utilising 3D and regular anatomical models.3D printing is very appealing for producing patient-specific *** literature review-based paper explores the role of 3D printing and 3D bioprinting in *** briefs the need and progressive steps for implementing 3D printing in healthcare and presented various facilities and enablers of 3D printing for the healthcare ***,this paper identifies and discusses the significant applications of 3D printing for healthcare research and development.3D printing services can be deployed to easily construct complex geometries in plastic or metal with good *** results in improved prototypes,lower costs,and lower part processing *** can now physically create with natural materials,previously unattainable with prior *** hospital should have 3D printers in the future,allowing new organs/parts to be developed in-house.

关键词： 3D printing Healthcare Medical Research Development

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Genetic improvement of wheat grain quality at CIMMYT

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2019年第3期6卷 265-272页

作者： Carlos GUZMáN Karim AMMAR Velu GOVINDAN ravi singh Global Wheat Program The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)

The International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) is the global leader in publiclyfunded maize and wheat research and in farming systems based on these *** leads the Global Wheat Program(GWP), which includes some of the largest wheat breeding programs in the *** GWP has been successful in developing wheat germplasm that is used extensively *** quality improvement is a central component of all the breeding efforts at CIMMYT and the Wheat Chemistry and Quality Laboratory represents an integral part of the breeding *** quality is addressed at CIMMYT over the full range of this very wide and variable concept with milling,processing, end-use and nutritional quality *** progenitors and advanced lines developed by the breeders are assessed for diverse quality attributes, with the aim of identifying those that fulfill the requirements in terms of milling, processing, end-use and nutritional quality in different target *** research is conducted to make more efficient the integration of wheat quality traits in the breeding *** main topics being addressed are(1) methodologies to analyze grain quality traits,(2) genetic control and environmental effects on quality traits,(3) characterization of genetic resources for quality improvement, and(4) diversifying grain properties for novel uses.

关键词： biofortification breeding grain quality wheat

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Applications of nanotechnology in medical field: a brief review

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Global Health Journal 2023年第2期7卷 70-77页

作者： Abid Haleem Mohd Javaid ravi Pratap singh Shanay Rab Rajiv Suman Department of Mechanical Engineering Jamia Millia IslamiaNew DelhiIndia Department of Mechanical Engineering National Institute of TechnologyKurukshetraHaryanaIndia School of Architecture Technology and EngineeringUniversity of BrightonUnited Kingdom Department of Industrial and Production Engineering G.B.Pant University of Agriculture & TechnologyPantnagarUttarakhandIndia

Nanotechnology has extensive application as nanomedicine in the medical *** nanoparticles have possible applications in novel diagnostic instruments,imagery and methodologies,targeted medicinal products,pharmaceutical products,biomedical implants,and tissue *** treatments of high toxicity can be administered with improved safety using nanotechnology,such as chemotherapeutic cancer ***,wearable gadgets can detect crucial changes in vital signs,cancer cell conditions,and infections that are genuinely happening in the *** anticipate these technologies to provide doctors with considerably much better direct access to critical data on the reasons for changes in the signs of life or illness because of the technological presence at the source of the *** can be utilised for therapies with predictive analytics and artificial *** carrying out this study,relevant papers on Nanotechnology in the medical field from Scopus,Google scholar,ResearchGate,and other research platforms are identified and *** study discusses different types of Nanoparticles used in the medical *** paper discusses nanotechnology applications in the medical *** class,features,and characteristics of Nanotechnology for medicine are also ***,governments,civil society organisations,and the general public will need to collaborate across sectors to assess the significance of nanotechnology and guide its advancement in various *** current research includes several possible Nanotechnology uses in the medical *** a result,the study provides a brief and well-organised report on nanotechnology that should be valuable to researchers,engineers,and scientists for future research projects.

关键词： Nanotechnology Nanomedicine Nanoparticles Medical Treatment

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A comprehensive review of rectangular duct solar air heaters featuring artificial roughness

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Clean Energy 2024年第5期8卷 186-217页

作者： ravi Shankar Rajeev Kumar Arun Kumar Pandey Deep singh Thakur Department of Mechanical Engineering Rajkiya Engineering College BandaUttar Pradesh 210201India Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Engineering&TechnologyLucknowUttar Pradesh 226021India Department of Mechanical Engineering Bundelkhand Institute of Engineering&TechnologyJhansiUttar Pradesh 284128India

Solar air heaters(SAHs)are widely used solar thermal systems with applications in diverse ***,its effectiveness is re-strained by low convective heat transfer(HT)coefficients at the absorber plate,leading to inefficient HT,and the elevated temperature of the absorber plate causes significant heat losses,reducing thermal *** study addresses these challenges by introducing ribs or roughness on the absorber plate creating turbulence in the airflow,resulting in significant *** research inves-tigates various rib configurations,the influence of rib parameters,performance methods,and arrangements to evaluate their HT and friction *** these rib configurations,a comparative analysis is done on various factors such as the Nusselt number ratio,thermal enhancement factor,friction factor ratio,and thermal efficiency to optimize distinct roughness parameters and rib ar-rangement *** study also provides valuable recommendations from existing literature,offering insights into the effective design,prospects,and implementation of SAH systems.

关键词： solar air heater artificial roughness low heat transfer heating solar energy

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Three co-located resistance genes confer resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust in wheat variety Borlaug 100

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The Crop Journal 2022年第2期10卷 490-497页

作者： Bowei Ye ravi P.singh Chan Yuan Demei Liu Mandeep S.Randhawa Julio Huerta-Espino Sridhar Bhavani Evans Lagudah Caixia Lan College of Plant Science&Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) Apdo.Postal 6-64106600 Mexico D.F.Mexico Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of ScienceXining 810008QinghaiChina Campo Experimental Valle de México INIFAP Apdo.Postal 1056230ChapingoEdo.de MexicoMexico CSIRO Agriculture&Food GPO Box 1600CanberraACT 2601Australia

Leaf rust(LR) and stripe rust(YR) are important diseases in wheat producing areas worldwide and cause severe yield losses under favorable environmental conditions when susceptible varieties are grown. We determined the genetic basis of resistance to LR and YR in variety Borlaug 100 by developing and phenotyping a population of 198 F6 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross with the susceptible parent Apav#1. LR and YR phenotyping were conducted for 4 and 3 seasons, respectively, at CIMMYT research stations in Mexico under artificial epidemics. Mendelian segregation analyses indicated that 3–5 LR and 2 YR genes conferred resistance in Borlaug 100. Lr46/Yr29(1 BL), Yr17(2 AS) and Yr30(3 BS) were present in the resistant parent and segregated in the RIL population based on characterization by molecular markers linked to these genes. When present alone, Lr46/Yr29 caused average 13% and 16% reductions in LR and YR severities, respectively, in RILs. Similarly, Yr17 and Yr30 reduced YR severities by 57% and 11%, respectively. The Yr30 and the Yr17 translocation were also associated with 27% and 14% reductions, respectively, in LR severity, indicating that the 3 BS and 2 AS chromosomal regions likely carry new slow rusting LR resistance genes, temporarily designated as Lr B1 and Lr B2, respectively. Additive effects of Yr30*Yr17, Yr29*Yr17 and Yr29*Yr30 on YR and LR were significant and reduced YR severities by 56%,55%, and 45%, respectively, and LR severities by 34%, 40%, and 45%, respectively. Furthermore, interaction between the three genes was also significant, with mean reductions of 70% for YR and 54% for LR severities. Borlaug 100, or any one of the 21 lines with variable agronomic traits but carrying all three colocated resistance loci, can be used as resistance sources in wheat breeding programs.

关键词： Co-located resistance loci Common wheat Gene interaction Puccinia triticina Puccinia striiformis Triticum aestivum

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Effect of pre-twinning and heat treatment on formability of AZX311 Mg alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1154-1169页

作者： Mahesh Panchal Lalit Kaushik Min-Seong Kim ravi Kottan Renganayagalu Shi-Hoon Choi Jaiveer singh Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology JodhpurKarwarJodhpur 342030RajasthanIndia Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Technology JodhpurKarwarJodhpur 342030RajasthanIndia Energy Materials Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology(KIST)5 Hwarang-roSeongbuk-guSeoul 02792Republic of Korea Department of Advanced Components and Materials Engineering Sunchon National University255 Jungang-roSuncheonJeonnam 57922Republic of Korea

In this study,the effects of pre-strain-induced tensile twins(TTWs)and controlled heat treatment on the formability behavior of AZX311 Mg alloy sheets were investigated.A 4%compressive strain was applied to pre-strain the sheets using the in-plane compression(IPC)technique along the rolling direction(RD)to introduce *** pre-strained(PS)samples were subsequently heat-treated at 250℃,350℃,and 400℃ independently for 1 hr,and are termed as PSA1,PSA2,and PSA3,*** cupping tests were conducted to assess the formability of the sheet samples under different initial *** results showed that the PS sample heat-treated at 250℃ for 1hr exhibited a decrease in the Erichsen index(IE)compared to the as-rolled sample,whereas PSA2 and PSA3 samples showed an increase in IE *** analysis revealed that most of the TTWs generated through pre-twinning were stable at 250℃;however,the twin volume fraction reduced to 41%at 350℃ compared to the PS samples due to enhanced thermal activity at that ***,PSA2 samples showed severe grain coarsening in some areas of the sample,and the fraction of such grains increased in the PSA3 *** stretch formability(IE value)of PSA2 samples showed a 32.3%increase compared to the as-rolled ***,the analysis of the deformed specimen at failure under the Erichsen test indicated that considerable detwinning occurs in the PS and PSA1 samples,whereas dislocation slip activity dominates in the PSA2 and PSA3 samples during stretch *** from detwinning and dislocation slip,deformation twins were also observed in all samples after the Erichsen ***,this work highlights the importance of texture control and its underlying mechanisms via pre-twinning followed by heat treatment and their impact on the room temperature(RT)stretch formability of AZX311 Mg alloy sheets.

关键词： Mg alloys Pre-twinning Texture Formability EBSD.

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Heterologous expression of the Haynaldia villosa pattern-recognition receptor CERK1-V in wheat increases resistance to three fungal diseases

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The Crop Journal 2022年第6期10卷 1733-1745页

作者： Anqi Fan Luyang Wei Xu Zhang Jia Liua Li Sun Jin Xiao Yajia Wang Haiyan Wang Jian Hua ravi P.singh Zongkuan Wang Xiue Wang State Key Lab of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Cytogenetics InstituteNanjing Agricultural University/JCIC-MCPNanjing 210095JiangsuChina Department of Plant Biology Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center(CIMMYT) El BatanTexcoco 56237Estado de MexicoMexico

Wheat production is under continuous threat by various fungal *** of multipledisease resistance genes may lead to effective disease control via the development of cultivars with broad-spectrum *** Lysin-motif(LysM)-type pattern-recognition receptors,which elicit innate immunity by recognizing fungal pathogen associated molecular patterns such as chitin,are potential candidates for such *** this study,we cloned a LysM receptor-like kinase gene,CERK1-V,from the diploid wheat relative Haynaldia ***1-V expression was induced by chitin and Blumeria graminis ***,the causal agent of wheat powdery *** overexpression of CERK1-V in wheat inhibited the development of three fungal pathogens,thereby increased resistance to powdery mildew,yellow rust,and Fusarium head ***1-V physically interacted with the wheat Lys M protein Ta CEBi ***1-V/Ta CEBi Ps interaction promoted chitin recognition and activated chitin signal transduction in *** plants with excessively high CERK1-V expression showed high resistance but abnormal plant growth,whereas plants with moderate expression level showed adequate resistance level with no marked impairment of plant *** transgenic lines,RNA-seq showed that gene expression involved in plant innate immunity was *** of genes involved in photosynthesis,ER stress and multiple phytohormone pathways was also *** expression of CERK1-V in wheat can confer disease resistance without compromising growth or defense fitness.

关键词： Wheat Fungal disease LysM PRR Haynaldia villosa CERK1-V

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