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An overview of deep eutectic solvents:Alternative for organic electrolytes,aqueous systems&ionic liquids for electrochemical energy storage

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Journal of Energy chemistry 2023年第7期82卷 592-626,I0013页

作者： Akshay Sharma Renuka Sharma ramesh c.Thakur Lakhveer Singh Department of chemistry Himachal Pradesh UniversitySummer HillShimla171005Himachal PradeshIndia Department of chemistry Sardar Patel UniversityMandi175001Himachal PradeshIndia

As the demand for sustainable energy sources continues to rise,the need for efficient and reliable energy storage systems becomes *** order to effectively store and distribute renewable energy,new and innovative solutions must be *** review examines the deep eutectic solvents(DESs)as a green,safe,and affordable solution for the electrochemical energy storage and conversion field,offering tremendous opportunities and a promising *** are a class of environment-friendly solvents known for their low toxicity and unique properties,such as their good conductivity,high thermal stability,and *** review explores the fundamentals,preparations,and various interactions that often predominate in the formation of DESs,the properties of DESs,and how DESs are better than traditional solvents involving cost-ineffective and unsafe organic electrolytes and ionic liquids as well as inefficient aqueous systems due to low energy density for electrochemical energy storage ***,a particular focus is placed on the various electrochemical applications of DESs,including their role in the electrolytes in batteries/supercapacitors,electropolishing and electrodeposition of metals,synthesis of electrode materials,recycling of electrodes,and their potential for use in cO_(2)*** review concludes by exploring the challenges,research gaps,and future potential of DESs in electrochemical applications,providing a comprehensive overview,and highlighting key considerations for their design and use.

关键词： Deep eutectic solvent Green solventHole theory Energy storage devices Aqueous electrolyte

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Private Sector Participation in Electricity Generation and Distribution

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Small Hydro Power News 2005年第82期22卷 14-21页

作者： ramesh c Arya South Asia Watch on Trade Economics and Environment （SAWTEE） PO Box 4360 Kathmandu Nepal

In terms of hydropower resources in the country, Nepal ranks second in the world. But it has not acted seriously in terms of utilization. The effort began from the Rana days when they ruled the country for more than century. For energy, unfortunately, the country has at times sought thermal source rather than hydropower. For energy needs, it first depended upon foreign aid in the earlier dates. As late as in the '60s, it depended upon such assistance rather than developing its own. So much so, that it imported electrical power from neighbouring country. Later, it was developed both under foreign aid as well the multilateral assistance and loan. The electricity generation gradually became more and more costly. Only later, genuine private sectors have joined the energy market. But the terms and conditions have not always been in the national interest. There is a wide variation in cost of energy under different conditions of power development in the country, from the cheapest to the costliest. Both for generation and distribution, Nepal Electric corporation should no longer continue its monopoly. Private sector should be promoted given more role to play for economy and operation. The paper discusses the different options available and practised in Nepal.

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Photochemical Transformations of Some 2-（5-Methylthiophen-2-yl）-3-[（naphthalen-2-yl）methoxy]-4H-chromen-4-ones Involving Type-II Process

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chinese Journal of chemistry 2011年第4期29卷 745-750页

作者： Kamboj, ramesh c Kumar, Dinesh Sharma, Geeta Arora, Rita Department of chemistry Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra 136119 India

Photo-irradiation of 2-（5-methylthiophen-2-yl）-3-[（naphthalen-2-yl）methoxy]-4H-chromen-4-ones yielded the fascinating angular tetracyclic products via cyclization involving both 2-thienyl ring and naphthylmethoxy group via 1,4-biradical generated in the Norrish type-II process. The stereochemical dispositions of the products were determined by MM2 energy minimized programme and spectroscopic analysis.

关键词： type-II reaction radicals thienylchromone sigmatropic rearrangement substituent effects

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Insecticide resistance in phlebotomine sandflies in Southeast Asia with emphasis on the Indian subcontinent

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2016年第1期5卷 972-981页

作者： ramesh c.Dhiman Rajpal S.Yadav Author details 1 National Institute of Malaria Research(IcMR) Delhi 110077India Department of control of Neglected Tropical Diseases World Health OrganizationGenevaSwitzerland

Background:Visceral leishmaniasis,commonly known as kala-azar in India,is a global public health *** Southeast Asia,Bangladesh,Bhutan,India,Nepal,Sri Lanka and Thailand are endemic for visceral *** role of sandflies as the vector of kala-azar was first confirmed in 1942 in *** resistance in Phlebotomus argentipes Annandale and Brunetti,the vector of kala-azar in the Indian subcontinent,was first reported in 1987 in Bihar,*** article provides a scoping review of the studies undertaken from 1959 to 2015 on insecticide resistance in *** and ***(Scopoli),the vectors of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis respectively,in Southeast Asia,mainly in Bangladesh,India,Nepal and Sri ***:Studies undertaken in areas of Bihar and West Bengal in India where kala-azar is endemic have reported resistance of *** to DDT,while in non-endemic areas it has been reported to be *** areas of Nepal bordering India,there are indications of resistance to DDT;biochemical resistance has been reported in Sri *** laboratory studies have been undertaken in Bangladesh;however,the sandfly vector is reported to be still susceptible to pyrethroids in all kala-azar endemic areas in the aforementioned ***:Studies are needed to determine the resistance of sandfly vectors to all available classes of potential insecticides in kala-azar endemic *** is a need to assess the impact of indoor residual spraying with DDT and pyrethroids on the incidence of kala-azar in India where 54 districts remain endemic for the disease,strengthen entomological surveillance capacity,and develop and implement an insecticide management ***-cypermethrin indoor residual spraying has been introduced in 33 kala-azar endemic districts in Bihar State of India in a pilot trial;the outcomes should be used to inform decisions on expanding coverage with alpha-cypermethrin in all remaining endemic districts to achie

关键词： DDT Alpha-cypermethrin Indoor residual spraying Indian subcontinent Insecticide resistance Phlebotomus argentipes Phlebotomus papatasi Sandflies Visceral leishmaniasis

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Bridge plating in the setting of radiocarpal instability:Does distal fixation to the second or third metacarpal matter?A cadaveric study

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第4期14卷 207-217页

作者： Eloy Tabeayo James M Saucedo ramesh c Srinivasan Amita R Shah Efstathios Karamanos Jason Rockwood E carlos Rodriguez-Merchan Department of Orthopedic Surgery Albert Einstein College of MedicineMontefiore Medical CenterNew YorkNY 10461United States Houston Methodist Institute for Academic Medicine Houston Methodist Orthopedics and Sports MedicineHoustonTX 77479United States Hand center of San Antonio and the Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of Texas Health Science CenterThe Hand Center of San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78240United States University of Texas Health Science center at San Antonio University of North Carolina at Chapel HillSan AntonioTX 78229United States Surgeon in the Division of Acute care Surgery in the Department of Surgery at Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit UT Health San AntonioSan AntonioTX 78229United States Naval Hospital Yokosuka Yokosuka96350-1600Japan Department of Orthopedic Surgery La Paz University Hospital-IdiPazMadrid 28046Spain

BAcKGROUND Radiocarpal dislocations are rare but potentially devastating *** outcomes are associated with inadequate or lost reduction,such as ulnar translocation,but no consensus exists on the ideal fixation *** bridge plate fixation has been described for various settings in the treatment of complex distal radius fractures and can be fixed distally to the second or third metacarpal,but its application for radiocarpal dislocations has not been *** To determine whether distal fixation to the second or third metacarpal *** Using a cadaveric radiocarpal dislocation model,the effect of distal fixation was studied in two stages:(1)A pilot study that investigated the effect of distal fixation alone;and(2)a more refined study that investigated the effect of described techniques for distal and proximal *** were measured in various parameters to determine the quality of the reduction *** The pilot study found that focusing on distal fixation alone without changing proximal fixation results in ulnar translocation and volar subluxation when fixing distally to the second metacarpal compared with the *** second iteration demonstrated that anatomic alignment in coronal and sagittal planes could be achieved with each *** In a cadaveric radiocarpal dislocation model,anatomic alignment can be maintained with bridge plate fixation to the second metacarpal or the third metacarpal if the described technique is *** considering dorsal bridge plate fixation for radiocarpal dislocations,the surgeon is encouraged to understand the nuances of different fixation techniques and how implant design features may influence proximal placement.

关键词： Wrist Instability Bridge plate Dorsal spanning plate Radiocarpal dislocation model cadaveric study

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Novel generation of 9H-furo[3,2-b]chromen-9-ones from (E)-3-hydroxy-2-styrylchromones by excited state intramolecular proton transfer

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chinese chemical Letters 2008年第7期19卷 780-782页

作者： Surinder Berar Urmila Berar Satish c.Gupta ramesh c.Kamboj Department of chemistry Kurukshetra UniversityKurukshetra 136119India

Photocyclisation of substituted （E）-3-hydroxy-2-（V-methyl-2＇-phenylvinyl）-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyrans to yield linear novel tricyclic 9H-furo[3,2-b]chromen-9-ones and angular fused tetracyclic xanthenones is described.

关键词： 9H-Furo(3,2-b)chromen-9-one Photocyclisation Xanthenones

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Toxic Potential of Palytoxin

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2015年第5期35卷 773-780页

作者： Ji?í PATOcKA ramesh c.GUPTA 吴庆华 Kamil KUcA University of South Bohemia ceske Budejovice Faculty of Health and Social StudiesDepartment of Radiology and Toxicology Biomedical Research center University Hospital Toxicology Department Murray State University college of Life Science Yangtze University Faculty of Informatics and Management University of Hradec Kralove

This review briefly describes the origin,chemistry,molecular mechanism of action,pharmacology,toxicology,and ecotoxicology of palytoxin and its analogues. Palytoxin and its analogues are produced by marine dinoflagellates. Palytoxin is also produced by Zoanthids（i.e. Palythoa）,and cyanobacteria（Trichodesmium）. Palytoxin is a very large,non-proteinaceous molecule with a complex chemical structure having both lipophilic and hydrophilic moieties. Palytoxin is one of the most potent marine toxins with an LD50 of 150 ng/kg body weight in mice exposed intravenously. Pharmacological and electrophysiological studies have demonstrated that palytoxin acts as a hemolysin and alters the function of excitable cells through multiple mechanisms of action. Palytoxin selectively binds to Na＋/K＋-ATPase with a Kd of 20 p M and transforms the pump into a channel permeable to monovalent cations with a single-channel conductance of 10 p S. This mechanism of action could have multiple effects on cells. Evaluation of palytoxin toxicity using various animal models revealed that palytoxin is an extremely potent neurotoxin following an intravenous,intraperitoneal,intramuscular,subcutaneous or intratracheal route of exposure. Palytoxin also causes non-lethal,yet serious toxic effects following dermal or ocular exposure. Most incidents of palytoxin poisoning have manifested after oral intake of contaminated seafood. Poisonings in humans have also been noted after inhalation,cutaneous/systemic exposures with direct contact of aerosolized seawater during Ostreopsis blooms and/or through maintaining aquaria containing cnidarian zoanthids. Palytoxin has a strong potential for toxicity in humans and animals,and currently this toxin is of great concern worldwide.

关键词： dermal extremely subcutaneous analogues noted intravenous intramuscular potent intake hydrophilic

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Antioxidant and antimutagenic activities of bark extract of Terminalia arjuna

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第12期3卷 965-970页

作者： Gollapalle Lakshminarayana shastry Viswanatha Santosh Kumar Vaidya ramesh c Nandakumar Krishnadas Srinath Rangappa Department of Pharmacology PES College of PharmacyBangalore-560050 India Department of Pharmacology St.John's College of PharmacyBangalore-560040 India Department of Pharmacology Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal-576104 India

Objective:The alcoholic extract of stem bark of Terminalia arjuna（ALTA） was screened for antioxidant and antimutagenic（anticlastogenic） ***:Antioxidant property was determined by l,l,Diphynyl,2-Picryl hydrazyl（DPPH） assay,super oxide radical scavenging activity,lipid peroxidation assay and total polyphenolic content was determined by Folin-ciocalteau’s *** activity was evaluated using micronucleus test in mice. Results:The ALTA has shown potent antioxidant activity with Ec50 of 2.491±0.160,50.110±0.150 & 71.000±0.250 in DPPH assay,superoxide radical scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation assay, which is comparable with ascorbic acid with Ec50 of 2.471±0.140,40.500±0.390 and 63.000±0.360 *** micronucleus test,ALTA（100 & 200 mg/kg,p.o.） showed significant reduction in percentage of micronucleus in both polychromatic erythrocytes（PcE） and normochromatie erythrocytes（NcE） and also shown significant reduction in P/N ***:These results suggested that ALTA possess significant antioxidant and antimutagenic activity.

关键词： Terminalia arjuna Antioxidant activity Antimutagenic activity Micronuclease test

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Prospective use of bacteriocinogenic Pediococcus pentosaceus as direct-fed microbial having methane reducing potential

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第3期14卷 561-566页

作者： Sanjay Kumar Sumit S Dagar Seyed H Ebrahimi Ravinder K Malik ramesh c Upadhyay Anil K Puniya Dairy Microbiology Division National Dairy Research Institute Department of clinical Studies School of Veterninary Medicine University of Pennsylvania Microbial Science Division Agharkar Research Institute Dairy cattle Nutrition National Dairy Research Institute Dairy cattle Physiology National Dairy Research Institute

Direct-fed microbials（DFM）, generally regarded as safe status, are successfully used in improving rumen ecology, gastro-intestinal health, feed efficiency, milk production and growth rate in ruminants. On the other hand, methanogenesis in rumen, which accounts for a significant loss of ruminant energy and increased greenhouse gas in environment, is of great concern, therefore, use of DFM for improving productivity without compromising the animal health and ecological sustainability is encouraged. The present study was conducted to investigate the methane reducing potential of bacteriocinogenic strain Pediococcus pentosaceus-34. Since, the culture showed no hemolysis on blood agar and DNase activity, hence, it was considered to be avirulent in nature, a prerequisite for any DFM. The culture also showed tolerance to pH 5.0 for 24 h with 0.5% organic acid mixture, whereas when given a shock for 2 h at different p H and organic acids concentrations, it showed growth at pH 3.0 and 4.0 with 0.1 and 1.0% organic acids, respectively, as having good animal probiotics attributes. The total gas production was significantly（P〈0.05） higher in live pedicoccal culture（LPc） and dead pedicoccal culture（DPc） both with wheat straw, when compared to the control. In sugarcane bagasse, gas production was significantly lower（P〈0.05） with LPc compared to the control and DPc both. Methane was reduced by the inclusion of LPc in sugarcane bagasse（0.07 mL cH4 mg–1 dry matter digestibility） with no effect on other rumen fermentation parameters. However, with wheat straw and LPc total gas, in vitro dry matter digestibility, total volatile fatty acids increased significantly but no reduction in methane production was observed in comparison to the control. Therefore, further research is warranted in this direction, if the bacteriocinogenic strains can be used as DFM for ruminants to improve the ruminant productivity.

关键词： Pediococcus pentosaceus bacteriocin methane direct-fed microbials rumen probiotics

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Genetically modified mouse models for the study of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第11期18卷 1141-1153页

作者： Perumal Nagarajan M Jerald Mahesh Kuma Ramasamy Venkatesan Subeer S Majundar ramesh c Juyal M Jerald Mahesh Kuma Small Animal Facility National Institute of Immunology NewDelhi 110067 India Animal House Centre for Cellularand Molecular Biology Hyderabad 500007 India Animal House JNU New Delhi110067 India

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is associated with obesity,insulin resistance,and type 2 *** represents a large spectrum of diseases ranging from(1) fatty liver(hepatic steatosis);(2) steatosis with inflammation and necrosis;to(3) *** animal models to study NAFLD/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) are extremely useful,as there are still many events to be elucidated in the pathology of *** study of the established animal models has provided many clues in the pathogenesis of steatosis and steatohepatitis,but these remain incompletely *** different mouse models can be classified in two large *** first one includes genetically modified(transgenic or knockout) mice that spontaneously develop liver disease,and the second one includes mice that acquire the disease after dietary or pharmacological *** the molecular mechanism leading to the development of hepatic steatosis in the pathogenesis of NAFLD is complex,genetically modified animal models may be a key for the treatment of *** animal models for NASH should closely resemble the pathological characteristics observed in *** date,no single animal model has encompassed the full spectrum of human disease progression,but they can imitate particular characteristics of human ***,it is important that the researchers choose the appropriate animal *** review discusses various genetically modified animal models developed and used in research on NAFLD.

关键词：转基因小鼠模型脂肪肝酒精性转基因动物模型肝病人类疾病 NASH 发病机制

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