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BUILDINGS AS ACTIVE COMPONENTS fOR GRID STABILITY

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Journal of Green Building 2017年第4期12卷 21-34页

作者： friedrich Sick ralph füger HTW Berlin University of Applied Sciences Wilhelminenhofstr.75AD-12459 BerlinGermany

A successful energy transition depends on storage options in order to ensure power supply stability under auctuating generation of a growing share of renewable energies(RE).Battery storage is expensive and raw material intensive and therefore not suitable as a sole *** electricity may easily be converted to heat,which can be stored inexpensively for a short *** such simple Power-to-Heat or P2H solutions,lack of electric power cannot be oset by conventional heat ***,if a building or an urban quarter is heated by means of cogeneration,so-called Combined Heat and Power(CHP),or heat pumps(HP),the operation can be adjusted in such a way,that the building itself,*** massive structure,serves as heat *** generation and consumption is adjusted to the requirements of the grid(reactive power control).for the supply of a Berlin quarter,built in the 1950s and equipped with a district heating network and a CHP plant,the feasibility of the concept could be proved using dynamic building simulation as the analysis *** percent of the total heating consumption may useably be stored and extracted from the building *** absolute numbers:73 MWh/a heat can be buered corresponding to 34 MWh/a balancing *** each square meter of living area,3.7 kWh electrical balancing energy can be buered in the building’s thermal storage *** else is required than a re-programming of heating and possibly cooling *** capital investment is *** insulated and more massive structures could show a proportion of 27%of such shifted heat.

关键词： massive equipped GRID

Characterizing drought in California:new drought indices and scenario-testing in support of resource management

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Ecological Processes 2018年第1期7卷 1-13页

作者： Lorraine E.flint Alan L.flint John Mendoza Julie Kalansky f.M.ralph U.S.Geological Survey 6000 J.StSacramentoCA 95819USA Sonoma County Water Agency 404 Aviation Dr.Santa RosaCA 95403USA Scripps Institution of Oceanography 9500 Gilman Dr.La JollaCA 92093USA

Introduction:California’s recent drought(2012–2016)has implications throughout the state for natural resource management and adaptation planning and has generated many discussions about drought characterization and *** study characterizes drought conditions with two indices describing deficits in natural water supply and increases in landscape stress developed on the basis of water balance modeling,at a fine spatial scale to assess the variation in conditions across the entire state,and provides an in-depth evaluation for the Russian River basin in northern California to address local resource management by developing extreme drought scenarios for consideration in planning and ***:We employed the USGS Basin Characterization Model to characterize drought on the basis of water supply(a measure of recharge plus runoff)and landscape stress(climatic water deficit).These were applied to the state and to the Russian River basin where antecedent soil moisture conditions were evaluated and extreme drought scenarios were developed and run through a water management and reservoir operations model to further explore impacts on water ***:Drought indices indicated that as of the end of water year 2016 when reservoirs were full,additional water supply and landscape replenishment of up to three average years of precipitation in some locations was needed to return to normal *** soil conditions in the Russian River were determined to contribute to very different water supply results for different years and were necessary to understand to anticipate proper watershed response to *** drought scenarios manifested very different kinds of drought and recovery and characterization helps to guide the management response to ***:These scenarios and indices illustrate how droughts differ with regard to water supply and landscape stress and how long warm droughts recover much more slowly than short very dry dro

关键词： California drought Russian River Water supply Basin Characterization Model

Challenges and Requirements for the Application of Industry 4.0:A Special Insight with the Usage of Cyber-Physical System

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2017年第5期30卷 1050-1057页

作者： Egon Mueller Xiao-Li Chen ralph Riedel Department of factory Planning and factory Management Technische Universitt Chemnitz

Considered as a top priority of industrial devel- opment, Industry 4.0 （or Industrie 4.0 as the German ver- sion） has being highlighted as the pursuit of both academy and practice in companies. In this paper, based on the review of state of art and also the state of practice in dif- ferent countries, shortcomings have been revealed as the lacking of applicable framework for the implementation of Industrie 4.0. Therefore, in order to shed some light on the knowledge of the details, a reference architecture is developed, where four perspectives namely manufacturing process, devices, software and engineering have been highlighted. Moreover, with a view on the importance of Cyber-Physical systems, the structure of Cyber-Physical System are established for the in-depth analysis. further cases with the usage of Cyber-Physical System are also arranged, which attempts to provide some implications to match the theoretical findings together with the experience of companies. In general, results of this paper could be useful for the extending on the theoretical understanding of Industrie 4.0. Additionally, applied framework and proto- types based on the usage of Cyber-Physical Systems are also potential to help companies to design the layout of sensor nets, to achieve coordination and controlling of smart machines, to realize synchronous production with systematic structure, and to extend the usage of information and communication technologies to the maintenance scheduling.

关键词： Industrie 4.0 - Internet of Things Cyber-Physical System Smart factory Reference architectureIntelligent sensor nets Robot control Synchronousproduction

Single-molecule DNA sequencing using two-dimensionalTi2C(OH)2 MXene nanopores: A first-principles investigation

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Nano Research 2022年第11期15卷 9843-9849页

作者： Jariyanee Prasongkit Sirichok Jungthawan Rodrigo G.Amorim ralph H.Scheicher Division of Physics Faculty of ScienceNakhon Phanom UniversityNakhon Phanom 48000Thailand School of Physics Institute of ScienceSuranaree University of Technology111 University AveNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand Center of Excellence in Advanced functional Materials Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics Ministry of Higher EducationScienceResearch and Innovation328 Si Ayutthaya RoadBangkok 10400Thailand Departamento de física ICExUniversidade Federal Fluminense-UFFVolta Redonda/RJ 27213-145Brazil Division of Materials Theory Department of Physics and AstronomyUppsala UniversityUppsala SE-75120Sweden

Nanopore-based devices have provided exciting opportunities to develop affordable label-free DNA sequencing *** a decade ago,graphene has been proposed as a two-dimensional(2D)nanopore membrane in order to achieve single-base ***,it was experimentally revealed that clogging of the graphene nanopore can occur due to the hydrophobic nature of graphene,thus hindering the translocation of *** overcome this problem,the exploration of alternative 2D materials has gained considerable interest over the last *** we show that a Ti_(2)C-based MXene nanopore functionalized by hydroxyl groups(–OH)exhibits transverse conductance properties that allow for the distinction between all four naturally occurring DNA *** have used a combination of density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green’s function method to sample over multiple orientations of the nucleotides in the nanopore,as generated from molecular dynamics *** conductance variation resulting from sweeping an applied gate voltage demonstrates that the Ti_(2)C-based MXene nanopore possesses high potential to rapidly and reliably sequence *** findings open the door to further theoretical and experimental explorations of MXene nanopores as a promising 2D material for nanopore-based DNA sensing.

关键词： nanopore DNA sequencing MXenes first-principles quantum transport

Control of a sap-sucking insect pest by plastidmediated RNA interference

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Molecular Plant 2022年第7期15卷 1176-1191页

作者： Yi Dong Mengting Wu Qi Zhang Jinqiu fu f.Vanessa Loiacono Yong Yang Zican Wang Shengchun Li Ling Chang ralph Bock Jiang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Hubei Hongshan LaboratorySchool of Life SciencesHubei UniversityWuhan 430062China Max-Planck-Institut fur Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Mühlenberg 1D-14476 Potsdam-GolmGermany

Expression of double-stranded RNAs in plastids offers great potential for the efficient control of chewing ***,many insect pests do not consume plant tissue but rather feed on the host plant by sucking sap from the vascular *** or not plastid-mediated RNA interference(RNAi)can be employed to control sap-sucking insects is ***,we show that five species of sap-sucking hemipteran insects acquire plastid RNA upon feeding on *** generated both nuclear transgenic and transplastomic tobacco plants expressing double-stranded RNAs targeting the MpDhc64C gene,a newly identified efficient target gene of RNAi whose silencing causes lethality to the green peach aphid Myzus *** a whole-plant bioassay,transplastomic plants exhibited significant resistance to aphids,as evidenced by reduced insect survival,impaired fecundity,and decreased weight of *** protective effect was comparable with that conferred by the best-performing nuclear transgenic *** found that the proportion of aphids on mature leaves of transplastomic plants was significantly lower compared with that of nuclear transgenic *** aphids were allowed to *** the mature leaves,transplastomic plants grew significantly faster and were overall better protected from the pest compared with nuclear transgenic *** monitored by electrical-penetration-graph analyses and aphid avoidance response experiments,the insects displayed remarkable alterations in feeding behavior,which was different in nuclear transgenic and transplastomic plants,likely reflecting specific avoidance strategies to toxic RNA *** together,our study demonstrates that plastid-mediated RNAi provides an efficient strategy for controlling at least some sap-sucking insect pests,even though there is most likely no or only very little chloroplast RNA in the sap.

关键词： plastid transformation RNA interference pest control sap-sucking insect aphid hemiptera

Magnetically actuated glaucoma drainage devicefor regulating intraocular pressure afterimplantation

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第4期9卷 91-105页

作者： Inês C.f.Pereira ralph J.S.van Mechelen Hans M.Wyss Leonard Pinchuk Henny J.M.Beckers Jaap M.J.den Toonder Microsystems Department of Mechanical EngineeringEindhoven University of Technology5600MB EindhovenThe Netherlands Institute for Complex Molecular Systems(ICMS) Eindhoven University of Technology5600MB EindhovenThe Netherlands University Eye Clinic Maastricht Maastricht University Medical Centre+(MUMC+)6202AZ MaastrichtThe Netherlands Innfocus Inc.a Santen CompanyMiamiFlorida 33186USA Ophthalmic Biophysics Center Bascom Palmer Eye InstituteUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFlorida 33136USA

The key risk factor for glaucoma is increased intraocular pressure (IOP). Glaucoma drainage devices implanted in theeye can reduce IOP and thus stop disease progression. However, most devices currently used in clinical practice arepassive and do not allow for postsurgical IOP control, which may result in serious complications such as hypotony (i.e.,excessively low IOP). To enable noninvasive IOP control, we demonstrate a novel, miniature glaucoma implant that willenable the repeated adjustment of the hydrodynamic resistance after implantation. This is achieved by integrating amagnetic microvalve containing a micropencil-shaped plug that is moved using an external magnet, thereby openingor closing fluidic channels. The microplug is made from biocompatible poly(styrene-block-isobutylene-block-styrene)(SIBS) containing iron microparticles. The complete implant consists of an SIBS drainage tube and a housing elementcontaining the microvalve and fabricated with hot embossing using femtosecond laser-machined glass molds. Usingin vitro and ex vivo microfluidic experiments, we demonstrate that when the microvalve is closed, it can providesufficient hydrodynamic resistance to overcome hypotony. Valve function is repeatable and stable over time. Due to itssmall size, our implant is a promising, safe, easy-to-implant, minimally invasive glaucoma surgery device.

关键词： enable implantation overcome

Predicting erosion and sediment yield in a mesoscale basin in the semiarid monsoon region Miyun/China

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Ecological Processes 2014年第1期3卷 214-224页

作者： Michael Gebel Mario Uhlig Stefan Halbfass ralph Meissner Shuhuai Duan Gesellschaft für Angewandte Landschaftsforschung(GALf)bR Am Ende 1401277 DresdenGermany Department of Soil Physics Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research–UFZLysimeter StationDorfstraße 5539615 FalkenbergGermany Beijing Soil and Water Conservation Center(BWA) No.5 Yunuantan South RoadBeijing 100038Haidian DistrictChina

Introduction:Changes in land use and agricultural management have caused a strong increase in sediment and particulate phosphorus input into the Miyun *** simulation of the relevant runoff and sediment fluxes at the mesoscale needs adequate procedures,adapted to a semiarid monsoon climate and regional land-use ***:The modified Universal Soil Loss Equation(USLE-M)was integrated into the STOffBILANZ model to calculate daily soil losses in the entire Miyun catchment *** results are well within the range of monitoring data from Wischmeier plots that are located inside the investigation *** the reference year 2009,soil erosion was estimated at an average of 952 kg ha^(-1) year^(-1).Daily based simulation of sediment input into surface waters was done in the next step,taking into account the likeliness of sediment input and sediment delivery *** sediment inputs are by 113 kg ha^(-1) year^(-1).Critical source areas are located on cropland and are particularly relevant on the former lakebed of the Miyun reservoir which has recently been used for corn ***:Compared with observation data from the Bai and Chao rivers,the simulation of sediment loads showed a satisfying agreement that underlines the suitability of the selected approach to substitute recently used one-year balances based on the Universal Soil Loss Equation(USLE)*** tillage was selected as a possible mitigation option to reduce soil erosion and sediment *** to the limited availability of spatial and monitoring data,the simulations are approximate and only a first step in contributing to an integrated river basin management that should be improved in future.

关键词： Direct runoff Mesoscale Miyun Model Sediment input Soil erosion STOffBILANZ

Video-based running water animation in Chinese painting style

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Science in China(Series f) 2009年第2期52卷 162-171页

作者： ZHANG SongHai CHEN Tao ZHANG Yifei HU ShiMin MARTIN ralph Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China School of Computer Science Cardiff University 5 The Parade Roath Cardiff Wales CF24 3AA UK

This paper presents a novel algorithm for synthesizing animations of running water, such as water- falls and rivers, in the style of Chinese paintings, for applications such as cartoon making. All video frames are first registered in a common coordinate system, simultaneously segmenting the water from background and computing optical flow of the water. Taking artists＇ advice into account, we produce a painting structure to guide painting of brush strokes. flow lines are placed in the water following an analysis of variance of optical flow, to cause strokes to be drawn where the water is flowing smoothly, rather than in turbulent areas： this allows a few moving strokes to depict the trends of the water flows. A variety of brush strokes is then drawn using a template determined from real Chinese paintings. The novel contributions of this paper are： a method for painting structure generation for flows in videos, and a method for stroke placement, with the necessary temporal coherence.

关键词： non-photorealistic rendering Chinese painting stroke based rendering video rendering optical flow

Web-based application development /

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