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Magnetically actuated glaucoma drainage devicefor regulating intraocular pressure afterimplantation

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2023年第4期9卷 91-105页

作者： Inês C.F.Pereira ralph j.s.van mechelen Hans M.Wyss Leonard Pinchuk Henny j.M.Beckers jaap M.j.den Toonder Microsystems Department of Mechanical EngineeringEindhoven University of Technology5600MB EindhovenThe Netherlands Institute for Complex Molecular systems(ICMs) Eindhoven University of Technology5600MB EindhovenThe Netherlands University Eye Clinic Maastricht Maastricht University Medical Centre+(MUMC+)6202AZ MaastrichtThe Netherlands InnFocus Inc.a Santen CompanyMiamiFlorida 33186USA Ophthalmic Biophysics Center Bascom Palmer Eye InstituteUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFlorida 33136USA

The key risk factor for glaucoma is increased intraocular pressure (IOP). Glaucoma drainage devices implanted in theeye can reduce IOP and thus stop disease progression. However, most devices currently used in clinical practice arepassive and do not allow for postsurgical IOP control, which may result in serious complications such as hypotony (i.e.,excessively low IOP). To enable noninvasive IOP control, we demonstrate a novel, miniature glaucoma implant that willenable the repeated adjustment of the hydrodynamic resistance after implantation. This is achieved by integrating amagnetic microvalve containing a micropencil-shaped plug that is moved using an external magnet, thereby openingor closing fluidic channels. The microplug is made from biocompatible poly(styrene-block-isobutylene-block-styrene)(sIBs) containing iron microparticles. The complete implant consists of an sIBs drainage tube and a housing elementcontaining the microvalve and fabricated with hot embossing using femtosecond laser-machined glass molds. Usingin vitro and ex vivo microfluidic experiments, we demonstrate that when the microvalve is closed, it can providesufficient hydrodynamic resistance to overcome hypotony. Valve function is repeatable and stable over time. Due to itssmall size, our implant is a promising, safe, easy-to-implant, minimally invasive glaucoma surgery device.

关键词： enable implantation overcome

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Haplotype-based phylogenetic analysis and population genomics uncover the origin and domestication of sweetpotato

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Molecular Plant 2024年第2期17卷 277-296页

作者： Mengxiao Yan Ming Li Yunze Wang Xinyi Wang M-Hossein Moeinzadeh Dora G.Quispe-Huamanquispe Weijuan Fan Yijie Fang Yuqin Wang Haozhen Nie Zhangying Wang Aiko Tanaka Bettina Heider jan F.Kreuze Godelieve Gheysen Hongxia Wang Martin Vingron ralph Bock jun Yang shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources Shanghai Chenshan Botanical GardenShanghai 201602China College of Life sciences Chongqing Normal UniversityChongqing 401331China Biotechnology and Nuclear Technology Research Institute Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610061China College of Life sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai 200234China Department of Computational Molecular Biology Max Planck Institute for Molecular GeneticsIhnestraBe 63-7314195 BerlinGermany Department of Biotechnology Ghent University9000 GhentBelgium Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops Genetics and Improvement Crop Research InstituteGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640China Graduate school of Bioagricultural sciences Nagoya UniversityChikusaNagoya 464-8601Japan international Potato Center(CIP) LimaPeru CAs Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant sciences Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200233China Max-Planck-Institut fur Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie Am Muhlenberg 114476 Potsdam-GolmGermany

The hexaploid sweetpotato(lpomoea batatas)is one of the most important root crops ***,its genetic origin remains controversial,and its domestication history remains *** this study,we used a range of genetic evidence and a newly developed haplotype-based phylogenetic analysis to identify two probable progenitors of *** diploid progenitor was likely closely related to lpomoea ae-quatoriensis and contributed the B,subgenome,IbT-DNA2,and the lineage 1 type of chloroplast genome to *** tetraploid progenitor of sweetpotato was most likely *** 4x,which donated the B2 subgenome,IbT-DNA1,and the lineage 2 type of chloroplast *** most likely originated from reciprocal crosses between the diploid and tetraploid progenitors,followed by a subsequent whole-genome *** addition,we detected biased gene exchanges between the subgenomes;the rate of B,to B2 subgenome conversions was nearly three times higher than that of B2 to B subgenome *** analyses revealed that genes involved in storage root formation,maintenance of genome stabil-ity,biotic resistance,sugar transport,and potassium uptake were selected during the speciation and domestication of *** study sheds light on the evolution of sweetpotato and paves the way forimprovementofthiscrop.

关键词： sweetpotato origin gene conversion domestication IbT-DNA HPA

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Phalloplasty following penectomy for penile cancer

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Asian journal of Urology 2022年第4期9卷 460-466页

作者： Wai Gin Lee A.Nim Christopher David j.ralph University College London Hospital LondonUnited Kingdom st Peter’s Andrology LondonUnited Kingdom

Objective:Penile reconstruction or phalloplasty following penectomy can be offered where the functional penile length is inadequate for a man to void while standing or to have sexual *** is usually staged due to the complex surgical techniques *** narrative review describes the technical concepts and summarises the contemporary outcomes following phalloplasty in this challenging ***:A retrospective review of the English literature was performed between january 1946 till November *** data were synthesised and complemented by the expert opinion of the authors with 20 years of experience in this *** flaps are ideally designed with an integrated urethra or alternatively,a further free flap urethroplasty can be ***-plasty is further complicated following penectomy by scarring from the previous surgery and the potential loss of structures that would normally be present at the recipient ***:There are limited published data with a total of 19 men recorded in the *** the radial artery forearm free flap and anterolateral thigh flap have been described in this cohort of *** outcomes including standing micturition,sensation in the neo-phallus,and the ability to orgasm are *** quality of life and satisfaction was also good despite the high risk for long-term complications of the neophallus and donor ***:Phalloplasty following penectomy requires microsurgical transfer of a free flap or a pedicled flap to reconstruct a *** erectile device is inserted at a later stage to facilitate sexual intercourse,if *** scarring from penectomy and the potential loss of vasculature that would normally be present at the recipient site may further complicate *** and functional outcomes are acceptable based on the limited published experience to date.

关键词： Humans Male Myocutaneous flap or transplantation Penis or surgery Phalloplasty Reconstructive surgical procedures Retrospective study surgical flap Thigh or surgery Treatment outcome Urethra or surgery

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Between a Rock and a Dry Place： The Water-stressed Moss

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Molecular Plant 2009年第3期2卷 478-486页

作者： Audra j. Charron ralph s. Quatrano Department of Biology Washington University in St Louis 1 Brookings Dr. St Louis MO 63130 USA

The earliest land plants faced a suite of abiotic stresses largely unknown to their aquatic algal ancestors. The descendants of these plants evolved two general mechanisms for survival in the relatively arid aerial environment. While the vascular plants or ＇tracheophytes＇ developed tissue specializations to transport and retain water, the other main lineages of land plants, the bryophytes, retained a simple, nonvascular morphology. The bryophytes--mosses, hornworts, and liverworts--continually undergo a co-equilibration of their water content with the surrounding environment and rely to a great extent on intrinsic cellular mechanisms to mitigate damage due to water stress. This short review will focus on the cellular and molecular responses to dehydration and rehydration in mosses, and offer insights into general plant responses to water stress.

关键词： Abiotic/environmental stress ABA poikilohydry Tortula ruralis bryophytes Physcomitrella patens.

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single-molecule DNA sequencing using two-dimensionalTi2C(OH)2 MXene nanopores: A first-principles investigation

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Nano Research 2022年第11期15卷 9843-9849页

作者： jariyanee Prasongkit sirichok jungthawan Rodrigo G.Amorim ralph H.scheicher Division of Physics Faculty of ScienceNakhon Phanom UniversityNakhon Phanom 48000Thailand school of Physics Institute of ScienceSuranaree University of Technology111 University AveNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand Center of Excellence in Advanced Functional Materials Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics Ministry of Higher EducationScienceResearch and Innovation328 Si Ayutthaya RoadBangkok 10400Thailand Departamento de Física ICExUniversidade Federal Fluminense-UFFVolta Redonda/RJ 27213-145Brazil Division of Materials Theory Department of Physics and AstronomyUppsala UniversityUppsala SE-75120Sweden

Nanopore-based devices have provided exciting opportunities to develop affordable label-free DNA sequencing *** a decade ago,graphene has been proposed as a two-dimensional(2D)nanopore membrane in order to achieve single-base ***,it was experimentally revealed that clogging of the graphene nanopore can occur due to the hydrophobic nature of graphene,thus hindering the translocation of *** overcome this problem,the exploration of alternative 2D materials has gained considerable interest over the last *** we show that a Ti_(2)C-based MXene nanopore functionalized by hydroxyl groups(–OH)exhibits transverse conductance properties that allow for the distinction between all four naturally occurring DNA *** have used a combination of density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green’s function method to sample over multiple orientations of the nucleotides in the nanopore,as generated from molecular dynamics *** conductance variation resulting from sweeping an applied gate voltage demonstrates that the Ti_(2)C-based MXene nanopore possesses high potential to rapidly and reliably sequence *** findings open the door to further theoretical and experimental explorations of MXene nanopores as a promising 2D material for nanopore-based DNA sensing.

关键词： nanopore DNA sequencing MXenes first-principles quantum transport

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Penile reconstruction

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Asian journal of Andrology 2013年第1期15卷 16-19页

作者： Giulio Garaffa salvatore sansalone David j ralph st Peter's Andrology London WIG 6B J UK Tor Vergata University Rome 00133 Italy

During the most recent years, a variety of new techniques of penile reconstruction have been described in the literature. This paper focuses on the most recent advances in male genital reconstruction after trauma, excision of benign and malignant disease, in gender reassignment surgery and aphallia with emphasis on surgical technique, cosmetic and functional outcome.

关键词： female to male transsexuals fibrosis free flaps glans reconstruction glans sculpture lichen sclerosus lymphoedema of the genitalia penile prosthesis Peyronie's disease phalloplasty scrotoplasty shaft reconstruction skin graft penile reconstruction

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Yohimbine in the treatment of orgasmic dysfunction

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Asian journal of Andrology 2007年第3期9卷 403-407页

作者： Ade A. Adeniyi Giles s. Brindley john P. Pryor David j. ralph Institute of Urology and Nephrology London W1P 7EY UK I02 Ferdene Road London SE24 OAA UK

Aim： To study the effect of yohimbine in the treatment of men with orgasmic dysfunction. Methods： A 20-mg dose of yohimbine was first given to 29 men with orgasmic dysfunction of different aetiology in the clinic. Patients were then allowed to increase the dose at home （titration） under more favourable circumstances. The outcome and side effects were subsequently assessed. Results： The patients were classified into three groups of orgasmic dysfunction： primary complete （13）, primary incomplete （8） and secondary （8）. Nocturnal emissions were present in 75%, 40% and 50% of patients in the above groups, respectively （overall average 62%）. The men presented because of fertility problems （52%） or because they wanted to experience the pleasure of orgasm （48%）. Of the 29 patients who completed the treatment, 16 managed to reach orgasm and were able to ejaculate either during masturbation or sexual intercourse. A further three achieved orgasm, but only with the additional stimulation of a vibrator. A history of preceding nocturnal emissions was present in 69% of the men in whom orgasm was induced but only 50% who failed treatment. Of the patients, two have subsequently fathered children （one set of twins） and another 3 men were also cured. side effects were not sufficient to cause the men to cease treatment. Conclusion： Yohimbine is a useful treatment option in orgasmic dysfunction.

关键词： Yohimbine anorgasmia orgasm orgasmic dysfunction impotence ejaculation

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selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in the treatment of premature ejaculation

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Chinese Medical journal 2007年第11期120卷 1000-1006页

作者： WANG Wei-fu CHANG Le suks Minhas David j ralph Department of Urology People＇s Hospital of Hainan Province Haikou 570311 China Department of Gynaecology People＇s Hospital of Hainan Province Haikou 570311China st Peter＇s Department of Andrology Institute of Urology Middlesex Hospital UCL London UK W1T 3AA

Objective To review and assess the update studies regarding selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors （ssRIs） in the treatment of premature ejaculation （PE） and then provide practical recommendations and possible mechanisms concerning state of the art knowledge for the use of ssRIs in alleviating PE. Data sources Using the Medline, 48 articles published from january 1st, 1996 to August 1st, 2006 concerning the use of ssRIs and their possible mechanisms in alleviating PE were found and reviewed. study selection PE, rapid ejaculation, early ejaculation and ssRIs were employed as the keywords, and relevant articles about the use of ssRIs and their possible mechanisms in the treatment of PE were selected. Results Many kinds of ssRIs, such as fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine and citalopram, have widely been employed to treat PE. However, their effects are moderate and there is no a universal agreement about the kind, dose, protocol and duration. Dapoxetine, as the first prescription treatment of PE, may change this bottle-neck situation. ssRIs are suggested to be used in young men with lifelong PE, and acquired PE when etiological factors are removed but PE still exists. Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors （PDE5-ls） are suggested to be employed alone or combined with ssRIs when ssRIs fail to treat PE or sexual dysfunction associated with ssRIs occurs. The protocol of taking drugs on demand based on taking them daily for a suitable period is proposed to be chosen firstly. The possible mechanisms include increasing serotonergic neurotransmission and activating 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C （5-HT2c） receptors, then switching the ejaculatory threshold to a higher level, decreasing the penile sensitivity and their own effect of antidepression. Conclusion The efficacies of the current ssRIs are moderate in the treatment of PE and they have not been approved by the FDA, therefore new ssRI like dapoxetine needs to be further evaluated.

关键词： premature ejaculation selective serotonin reuptake inhibitions

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Management of residual penile curvature after penile prosthesis placement

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Asian journal of Andrology 2021年第2期23卷 129-134页

作者： Denis V Krakhotkin David j ralph Gideon A Blecher Volodymyr A Chernylovskyi Francesco Greco Evgeny E Bakurov Ruslan A Bugaev Central District Hospital Outpatient DepartmentKamenolomniRostov Region 346480Russia University College London st Peter’s Andrology Centre and University College London Hospitals London W1G 6BJUnited Kingdom Monash University Department of SurgeryMelbourne 3168Australia The Alfred Hospital Department of UrologyMelbourne 3004Australia Department of Urology 1 City Clinical Hospital No.4Dnipro 49102Ukraine Department of Urology Humanitas GavazzeniBergamo 24125Italy Department of surgery No.1 Rostov Regional Hospital ROKB 1Rostov-on-Don 344015Russia

Residual penile curvature is a common situation following the implantation of a penile prosthesis in patients with Peyronie’s ***,there is a variety of options for the correction of residual curvature,including penile modeling,plication techniques,as well as tunical incision/excision with or without grafting.A literature search of PubMed and Medline databases was conducted from 1964 until 2020,using search terms for all articles in the English *** this article,we provide a review of the techniques and the outcomes,according to the published literature.

关键词： grafting modeling penile curvature penile implant penile prosthesis Peyronie’s disease tunical plication

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3D printing of patient-specific implants for osteochondral defects: workflow for an MRI-guided zonal design

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2021年第4期4卷 818-832页

作者： David Kilian Philipp sembdner Henriette Bretschneider Tilman Ahlfeld Lydia Mika jörg Lützner stefan Holtzhausen Anja Lode ralph stelzer Michael Gelinsky Centre for Translational Bone Joint and Soft Tissue ResearchUniversity Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of MedicineTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany Institute of Machine Elements and Machine Design Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany University Center of Orthopaedic Trauma and Plastic SurgeryUniversity Hospital Carl Gustav CarusTechnische Universität DresdenDresdenGermany

Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is a common clinical practice to visualize defects and to distinguish different tissue types and pathologies in the human *** far,MRI data have not been used to model and generate a patient-specific design of multilayered tissue substitutes in the case of interfacial *** orthopedic cases that require highly individual surgical treatment,implant fabrication by additive manufacturing holds great ***-based techniques like 3D plot-ting allow the spatially defined application of several materials,as well as implementation of bioprinting *** the example of a typical multi-zonal osteochondral defect in an osteochondritis dissecans(OCD)patient,this study aimed to close the technological gap between MRI analysis and the additive manufacturing process of an implant based on dif-ferent biomaterial inks.A workflow was developed which covers the processing steps of MRI-based defect identification,segmentation,modeling,implant design adjustment,and implant generation.A model implant was fabricated based on two biomaterial inks with clinically relevant properties that would allow for bioprinting,the direct embedding of a patient’s own cells in the printing *** demonstrated by the geometric compatibility of the designed and fabricated model implant in a stereolithography(sLA)model of lesioned femoral condyles,a novel versatile CAD/CAM workflow was successfully established that opens up new perspectives for the treatment of multi-zonal(osteochondral)defects.

关键词： Additive manufacturing(AM) Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) Computer-aided design(CAD) Osteochondritis dissecans(OCD) Bone cement Hydrogel

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