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Changes in plant community and soil ecological indicators in response to Prosopis juliflora and Acacia mearnsii invasion and removal in two biodiversity hotspots in Southern India

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Soil Ecology Letters 2020年第1期2卷 61-72页

作者： Rajasekaran Murugan Francesca Beggi Nehru Prabakaran Shafique Maqsood rainer georg joergensen Soil Biology and Plant Nutrition University of KasselNordbahnhof Str.1a37213 WitzenhausenGermany Bioversity International India-Regional OfficeCollege of HorticultureGKVK campus560065 BangaloreIndia Indo American Wildlife Society 603211 ChennaiTamil NaduIndia Soil Science University of KasselNordbahnhof Str.1a37213 WitzenhausenGermany Wildlife Institute of India Chandrabani248001 DehradunIndia

Invasion of alien plant species can alter local plant diversity and ecosystem processes closely linked to soil organic carbon(SOC)and nutrient *** ecosystem processes such as microbial respiration and enzyme activity have been poorly explored under alien plant invasion and especially following invasive plant species *** studied the impact of Prosopis juliflora and Acacia mearnsii invasion and subsequent removal on local plant community composition and diversity and on soil microbial respiration and enzyme activity in two biodiversity hotspots in Southern *** of Prosopis promoted recolonisation of local vegetation as indicated by a 38% and 28% increase in species richness and ground vegetation cover,respectively,compared to an unremoved *** and Acacia removal led to a significant reduction in soil microbial biomass C(MBC),respiration,dehydrogenase and urease activity due to increased microbial respiration and N mineralisation *** metabolic quotients qCO_(2) in soil at Prosopis and Acacia removed sites indicate that MBC pools declined at a faster rate than SOC,resulting decreased MBC/SOC ratios compared to their respective removed *** and undisturbed ecosystems maintain more SOC through increased belowground and aboveground C input in the soil,resulting in a higher MBC content per unit *** results indicate that the interaction between above-and below-ground communities is a critical factor determining the structure and dynamics of local plant communities,especially in ecosystems affected by plant invasions.

关键词： Biodiversity Enzyme activities Invasive plant species Metabolic quotient Restoration

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Alkaline phosphatase predicts relapse in chronic hepatitis C patients with end-of-treatment response

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第19期16卷 2407-2410页

作者： Gerd Bodlaj rainer Hubmann Karim Saleh Tatjana Stojakovic georg Biesenbach Jrg Berg Second Department of Medicine General Hospital Linz A-4020 Linz Austria Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics Medical University of Graz A-8010 Graz Austria Institute of Laboratory Medicine General Hospital Linz A-4020 Linz Austria

AIM: To investigate relapse predictors in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients with end-of-treatment response (ETR), after pegylated interferon-α (PegIFN-α) and ribavirin treatment. METHODS: In a retrospective study we evaluated a spectrum of predictors of relapse after PegIFN-α and ribavirin treatment in 86 CHC patients with ETR. Viral loads were determined with real-time reverse transcrip-tion polymerase chain reaction. Hepatitis C virus geno-typing was performed by sequencing analysis. Patients with genotype 1 were treated for 48 wk with 180 μg PegIFN-α2a or 1.5 μg/kg PegIFN-α2b once weekly plus ribavirin at a dosage of 1000 mg/d for those under 75 kg or 1200 mg/d for those over 75 kg. Patients with geno- types 2 and 3 were treated for 24 wk with 180 μgPegIFN-α2a or 1.5 μg/kg PegIFN-α2b once weekly plus ribavirin at a dosage of 800 mg/d. RESULTS: In all ETR patients, binary logistic regression analysis identif ied absence of complete early virological response (cEVR) (OR 27.07, 95% CI: 3.09-237.26, P 26 kg/m2 (OR: 8.27, 95% CI: 2.22-30.84, P < 0.005) as independent predictors of relapse. When cEVR patients were analyzed exclusively, ALP prior to therapy < 75 U/L remained the only predictor of relapse. CONCLUSION: Lower levels of ALP prior to, during and after therapy seem to be associated with a higher risk of relapse in CHC patients with ETR.

关键词： Alkaline phosphatase Chronic hepatitis C Pegylated interferon Predictor Relapse

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Meta-Analysis of Retrograde Signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana Reveals a Core Module of Genes Embedded in Complex Cellular Signaling Networks

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Molecular Plant 2014年第7期7卷 1167-1190页

作者： Christine GlaiBer georg Haberer Iris Finkemeier Thomas Pfannschmidt Tatjana Kleine Dario Leister KarI-Josef Dietz rainer Erich Haiusler Bernhard Grimm Klaus Franz Xaver Mayer Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen German Research Center for Environmental Health Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology(IBIS) Ingolstadter Landstr. 1 D-85764 Neuherberg Germany Biozentrum der LMU Munchen Department of Biologie I-Botanik Groβhaderner Str. 2-4 D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried Germany Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Institut fur AIIgemeine Botanik und Pflanzenphysiologie Dornburger Str. 159 D-07743 JenaGermany Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Vegetale (LPCV) CEA/CNRS/UJF iRTSV CEA Grenoble 17 rue des Martyrs 38054 Grenoble cedex 9France Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants Faculty of Biology Bielefeld University Universit~tsstrai3e 25 D-33615 Bielefeld Germany University of Cologne Botanical Institute Cologne Biocenter Zu1picher Str. 47B D-50674 Cologne Germany Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin Institut fur Biologie AG Pflanzenphysiologie Philippstrasse 13 D-10115 Berlin Germany

Plastid-to-nucleus signaling is essential for the coordination and adjustment of cellular metabolism in response to environmental and developmental cues of plant cells. A variety of operational retrograde signaling path- ways have been described that are thought to be triggered by reactive oxygen species, photosynthesis redox imbalance, tetrapyrrole intermediates, and other metabolic traits. Here we report a meta-analysis based on transcriptome and pro- tein interaction data. Comparing the output of these pathways reveals the commonalities and peculiarities stimulated by six different sources impinging on operational retrograde signaling. Our study provides novel insights into the interplay of these pathways, supporting the existence of an as-yet unknown core response module of genes being regulated under all conditions tested. Our analysis further highlights affiliated regulatory cis-elements and classifies abscisic acid and auxin-based signaling as secondary components involved in the response cascades following a plastidial signal. Our study provides a global analysis of structure and interfaces of different pathways involved in plastid-to-nucleus signaling and a new view on this complex cellular communication network.

关键词： retrograde signaling meta-analysis abscisic acid auxin.

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Climate Change, Risk and Grain Yields in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第7期12卷 1279-1291页

作者： rainer Holst Xiaohua Yu Carola Grün Courant Research Center 'Poverty Equity and Growth' Georg-August-University of Goettingen World Bank

Adopting Just and Pope （1978, 1979） style yield functions, this paper proposes a method to analyze the impacts of regional climate change on grain production in China. We find that changes in climate will affect grain production in North and South China differently. Specifically, it emerges that a 1℃ increase in annual average temperature could reduce national grain output by 1.45% （1.74% reduction in North China and 1.19% reduction in South China）, while an increase in total annual precipitation of around 100 mm could increase national grain output by 1.31% （3.0% increase in North China and 0.59% reduction in South China）.

关键词： grain yield climate change yield risk China

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Low serum neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibody levels in mildly affected COVID-19 convalescent patients revealed by two different detection methods

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第4期18卷 936-944页

作者： Berislav Bosnjak Saskia Catherina Stein Stefanie Willenzon Anne Katrin Cordes Wolfram Puppe Gunter Bernhardt Inga Ravens Christiane Ritter Christian R.Schultze-Florey Nina Godecke Jorg Martens Hannah Kleine-Weber Markus Hoffmann Anne Cossmann Mustafa Yilmaz Isabelle Pink Marius M.Hoeper georg M.N.Behrens Stefan Pohlm ann rainer Blasczyk Thomas F.Schulz Reinhold Forster Institute of Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany lnstitute of Virology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Department of Hematology HemostasisOncology and Stem Cell TransplantationHannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Engineering Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany German Primate Center-Leibniz Institute for Primate Research GottingenGermany Faculty of Biology and Psychology University GottingenGottingenGermany Department of Rheum atology and Immunology Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany Public Health Department HannoverGermany Department of Pneumology and German Centre of Lung Research(DZL) Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany German Center for Infection Research(DZIF) partner site Hannover-BraunschweigHannoverGermany Cluster of Excellence RESIST(EXC 2155) Hannover Medical SchoolHannoverGermany

Neutralizing antibodies targeting the receptor-binding domain(RBD)of the SARS-CoV-2 spike(S)block severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)entry into cells via surface-expressed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2).We used a surrogate virus neutralization test(sVNT)and SARS-CoV-2 S protein-pseudotyped vesicular stomatitis virus(VSV)vector-based neutralization assay(pVNT)to assess the degree to which serum antibodies from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)convalescent patients interfere with the binding of SARS-CoV-2 S to *** tests revealed neutralizing anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antibodies in the sera of ~90% of mildly and 100% of severely affected COVID-19 convalescent ***,sVNT and pVNT results correlated strongly with each other and to the levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 S1 IgG and IgA ***,levels of neutralizing antibodies correlated with the duration and severity of clinical symptoms but not with patient *** to pVNT,sVNT is less sophisticated and does not require any biosafety *** this assay is also much faster and cheaper,sVNT will not only be important for evaluating the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies in a population but also for identifying promising plasma donors for successful passive antibody therapy.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing antibody Serum ELISA

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15N标记氮在盆栽山毛榉中的分配(英文)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2009年第4期20卷 314-322,I0005页

作者： Ali Bagherzadeh rainer Brumme Friedrich Beese Department of Agriculture Islamic Azad University-Mashhad Branch Institute of Soil Science and Forest Nutrition Georg-August University of Goettingen

温室条件下,向盆栽山毛榉幼苗中施加192g.m·-215N示踪物,研究连续两个生长季沉积氮在森林土壤(含森林地被物)、沥出物、以及地上和地下部分生物量的分配。模拟了四种处理(栽培和非栽培)下的NH4+和NO3-沉积情况,每种处理各自标记为15N-N... 详细信息

温室条件下,向盆栽山毛榉幼苗中施加192g.m·-215N示踪物,研究连续两个生长季沉积氮在森林土壤(含森林地被物)、沥出物、以及地上和地下部分生物量的分配。模拟了四种处理(栽培和非栽培)下的NH4+和NO3-沉积情况,每种处理各自标记为15N-NH4+或者15N-NO3-。在整个体系中施加15N的总回收率分别是,盆栽处理的15N-NH4+为67.3%～74.9%,非盆栽处理的15N-NO3-为85.3%～88.1%。两种15N示踪物主要沉积在森林土壤(包括森林地被物)中,其中盆栽处理的森里土壤中15N-NH4+为34.6%～33.7%,15N-NO3-为13.1%～9.0%,说明异养微生物有很强的固氮作用。森林土壤微生物对15N-NH4+的固定能力比15N-NO3-的固定能力强三倍。15N-NH4+的优先异养利用造成土壤中15N-NH4+的沉积量是植物体保存量的两倍;而土壤中15N-NO3-的沉积量却低于植物体的。总之,植被-土壤系统中15N-NH4+的沉积量比15N-NO3-的沉积高了60%,说明了沉积氮的形式在森林生态系统中氮保存中的重要性。

关键词： 15N示踪物氮贮留与回收山毛榉幼苗森林土壤固定氮素平衡

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温度对温带森林生态系统中森林地表腐殖质层中的氮矿化和微生物状态的影响(英文)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2008年第1期19卷 37-43页

作者： Ali Bagherzadeh rainer Brumme Friedrich Beese Department of Agriculture Azad University of MashhadEmamyeh Boulevard Institute of Soil Science and Forest Nutrition Georg-August-University of GoettingenBuesgenweg 237077 GoettingenGermany

温度是调节许多陆地生物化学过程中如:土壤呼吸,腐殖质的分解,净氮矿化和硝化过程的一个关键因素。据推测空气和土壤温度增加会提高微生物的转化率,增加腐殖质的分解,净氮矿化,导致碳氮在森林地表腐殖质的螯合作用。为了探求温度对生物... 详细信息

温度是调节许多陆地生物化学过程中如:土壤呼吸,腐殖质的分解,净氮矿化和硝化过程的一个关键因素。据推测空气和土壤温度增加会提高微生物的转化率,增加腐殖质的分解,净氮矿化,导致碳氮在森林地表腐殖质的螯合作用。为了探求温度对生物化学过程的数量化影响,连续三个月在德国索尔林场,初步调查三种林(三毛榉,挪威云杉和混合树种)地表腐殖质变化率。结果表明所有试验地点中森林地表腐殖质层温度敏感度与氮矿化的关系曲线都显正相关。在试验林地中测得了全部数据,温度敏感度值(2.35-2.44)与影响试验地的氮矿化的温度相符。各树种林地表层土质量的差异不影响森林地表腐殖质层生物化学特性的变化。温度上升增加了氮矿化作用。但温度在1-15oC范围时,微生物状态无明显变化。比较在20°C条件下,微生物碳和有机碳之比较低,表明,微生物明显减少,可利用分解物减少。图3表7参42。

关键词：山毛榉树云杉矿化作用森林温度

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温带森林系统中碳矿化和氮氧化释放的温度依赖性研究(英文)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2008年第2期19卷 107-112页

作者： Ali Bagherzadeh rainer Brumme Friedrich Beese Department of Agriculture Azad University of Mashhad Emamyeh Boulevard P.O Box: 91735-413 Mashhad Iran Institute of Soil Science and Forest Nutrition Georg-August-University of Goettingen Buesgenweg 2 37077 Goettingen Germany

测定森林土壤中的CO_2和N_2O的释放,在评价森林平衡大气中CO_2和N_2O的作用方面有着重要的意义。为了量化立地对净碳矿化和N_2O氮释放温度依赖性的影响,在德国的索尔森林,调查了三毛举林,挪威云杉和混合林三种相邻的地被物,并进行了3个... 详细信息

测定森林土壤中的CO_2和N_2O的释放,在评价森林平衡大气中CO_2和N_2O的作用方面有着重要的意义。为了量化立地对净碳矿化和N_2O氮释放温度依赖性的影响,在德国的索尔森林,调查了三毛举林,挪威云杉和混合林三种相邻的地被物,并进行了3个月不同温度的培养试验。结果表明,3种森林地被物的净碳矿化率和 N_2O 氮的释放量随温度上升呈现指数性增长。在一定温度范围内(1-20oC),利用温度系数函数(Q_10)拟合通量率来描述森林地被物的温度敏感性。各试验点的森林地被物的温度敏感性拟合曲线与净碳矿化和N_2O 氮释放率都显正相关。各试验林的全部数据表明,每个单位的净碳矿化和 N_2O 氮释放的温度系数函数值(Q_10)分别为1.73-2.10和2.81-3.58,可用以描述试验地净碳矿化和 N_2O氮释放率对温度的依赖性。在三毛举和云杉的单一树种和混合种中,净碳矿化率和 N_2O 氮释放率的温度依赖性没有明显的差异,表明净净碳矿化率和 N_2O 氮释放量不受不同树种凋落物质量的影响。

关键词：碳矿化作用一氧化二氮森林生态系统

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氮肥对盆栽欧洲水青冈生物量和营养分配的影响(英文)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2008年第4期19卷 263-270页

作者： Ali Bagherzadeh rainer Brumme Friedrich Beese Institute of Agriculture Azad University of Mashhad Institute of Soil Science and Forest Nutrition Georg-August-University of Goettingen

调查了施加氮肥(15NH4和15NO3)处理后在两个连续生长季内欧洲水青冈(Fagus sylvatica L.)幼苗地上部分和地下部分的生物量和营养元素分配。盆栽欧洲水青冈幼苗培养于温室大棚内,培养土样取自相邻的三种林分:欧洲水青冈,挪威赤松,欧洲水... 详细信息

调查了施加氮肥(15NH4和15NO3)处理后在两个连续生长季内欧洲水青冈(Fagus sylvatica L.)幼苗地上部分和地下部分的生物量和营养元素分配。盆栽欧洲水青冈幼苗培养于温室大棚内,培养土样取自相邻的三种林分:欧洲水青冈,挪威赤松,欧洲水青冈-赤松混交林。结果表明,氮肥(15N)处理对欧洲水青冈营养元素分配没有显著影响,施加氮素形式决定自身流入植物库的情况。欧洲水青獭收氮素主要以硝态氮的形式,因此,尽管植物体内保存的硝态氮和氨态氮并没有统计差异,但是叶片中硝态氮明显减少。施加硝态氮对欧洲水青冈氮素恢复的影响要大于施加氨态氮。与欧洲水青冈茎、粗根相比,优质根系对氮素(15N)固定是一个缓慢过程。表8图1参40。

关键词：山毛榉树苗氮肥生物量氮固定营养

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Combined Add-on Supplementation of Omega-3 Fatty Acids, Vitamin E, Vitamin A, Copper, and Selenium in Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2011年第7期2卷 714-723页

作者： Janina Willers Sabine Fasse Nils Putschky Henning Zeidler Hans-georg Pott Michael Bernateck Winfried Demary Reinhard Hein Vu Vi Pham rainer Stange Bernhard Uehleke Heike Franziska Weidemann Guido Hoese Ralf Lichtinghagen Andreas Hahn 不详

Objectives: The present study evaluated the effects of a combined nutritional supplement, containing omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FA) and different antioxidative micronutrients on nutrient status and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: The study was conducted as a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial. A hundred patients with defined RA were allocated to the verum or placebo group. During a period of twelve weeks they were given three capsules of their specific study supplementation every day. The daily dosage of ω-3 FA was 1.35 g (thereof 900 mg eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA), 90 mg vitamin E, 600 μg vitamin A, 3 mg copper, and 75 μg selenium, or soy oil (placebo), respectively. Outcome variables were the changes in DAS 28, the number of tender and swollen joints, morning stiffness, and supply with different nutrients (e.g. serum concentration of EPA, AA and vitamin E), as well as blood lipid levels. Results: Sixty-four participants were included in this analysis: 30 receiving verum and 34 placebo. After twelve weeks of intervention, little but not significant improvements were observed in the DAS 28 and other clinical factors. Subgroup analysis revealed that the effect was much more pronounced in patients who were at least at a moderate activity of illness. Regarding the nutritional status, the serum concentration of EPA (P < 0.001), vitamin E (P < 0.01), SOD (P < 0.05), and GPx (P < 0.001) increased significantly, while AA (P < 0.001) decreased after supplementation. The concentration of triglycerides decreased significantly in the verum group (P < 0.05) but not in the placebo group. Conclusions: A twelve week add-on supplementation of a combined food supplement (ω-3 FA + antioxidants) effected modest but not significant changes in the clinical parameters in RA. Though vitamin E, SOD and GPx improved significantly, equivalent to an increased antioxidant defence. This supplementation was dedicated to enhance the nutritional s

关键词： Rheumatoid Arthritis Nutrition Omega-3 Fatty Acids Antioxidants Lipid Profil

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