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From liver to hormones:The endocrine consequences of cirrhosis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1073-1095页

作者： Juan Eduardo Quiroz-Aldave Elman Rolando Gamarra-Osorio María del Carmen Durand-Vásquez Luciana del Pilar rafael-Robles Jhean Gabriel Gonzáles-Yovera María Alejandra Quispe-Flores Luis Alberto Concepción-Urteaga Alejandro Román-González José Paz-Ibarra Marcio José Concepción-Zavaleta Non-communicable Diseases Endocrinology Research LineHospital de Apoyo ChepénChepén 13871Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Víctor Lazarte EchegarayTrujillo 13006Peru Department of Endocrinology Clínica Javier PradoLima 15046Peru Department of Gastroenterology Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara IrigoyénLima 15018Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital de Emergencias GrauLima 15001Peru Internal Medicine Hospital Regional Docente de TrujilloTrujillo 13011Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Universitario de San Vicente FundaciónMedellin 050010Colombia Internal Medicine Universidad de AntioquiaMedellín 050010Colombia School of Medicine Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Department of Endocrinology Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati MartinsLima 15072Peru Carrera de Medicina Humana Universidad Científica del SurLima 15067Peru

Hepatocrinology explores the intricate relationship between liver function and the endocrine *** liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis can cause endocrine disorders due to toxin accumulation and protein synthesis *** its importance,assessing endocrine issues in cirrhotic patients is frequently *** article provides a comprehensive review of the epidemiology,pathophysiology,diagnosis,and treatment of endocrine disturbances in liver *** review was conducted using the PubMed/Medline,EMBASE,and Scielo databases,encompassing 172 *** cirrhosis is associated with endocrine disturbances,including diabetes,hypoglycemia,sarcopenia,thyroid dysfunction,hypogonadotropic hypogonadism,bone disease,adrenal insufficiency,growth hormone dysfunction,and secondary *** optimal tools for diagnosing diabetes and detecting hypoglycemia are the oral glucose tolerance test and continuous glucose monitoring system,*** can be assessed through imaging and functional tests,while other endocrine disorders are evaluated using hormonal assays and imaging *** options include metformin,glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs,sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors,and insulin,which are effective and safe for diabetes *** standards are followed for managing hypoglycemia,and hormone replacement therapy is often necessary for other endocrine *** transplantation can address some of these problems.

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Hypoglycemia Thyroid diseases Hypogonadism Metabolic bone diseases Liver cirrhosis

Heat Transfer in Steelmaking Ladle

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2008年第3期15卷 11-14,60页

作者： André Zimmer lvaro Niedersberg Correia lima rafael Mello Trommer Saulo Roca Bragana Carlos Pérez Bergmann Materials Ceramics Lab Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre 90035-190 Brazil

The heat transfer in a steelmaking ladle was studied. The evaluation of heat transfer of the steel was performed by measuring steel temperature in points including all refining steel process. In the ladle, the temperatures in the refractories and the shell were also measured. To evaluate the thermal profile between the hot and cold faces of the ladle in the slag line position, an experiment which shows the importance of thermal contact resistance was carried out. Higher heat losses in the tapping and the vacuum were verified. The temperature measurements of the ladle indicate distinct thermal profiles in each stage of steel refining. Moreover, as each stage of the process depends on the previous one, the complexity of the ladle thermal control is incremental. So a complete model of heat losses in the ladle is complex.

关键词： heat transfer steelmaking ladle refractory mild steel

Adenosine A1 receptor activation inhibits histamine release in gastric enterochromaffin-like cells

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BIOCELL 2015年第2期39卷 5-8页

作者： rafael Martins de OLIVEIRA Carolina Bernardi STEFANI Angélica Aparecida Antoniellis SILVEIRA Marcelo lima RIBEIRO Alessandra GAMBERO Clinical Pharmacology and Gastroenterology Unit São Francisco University Medical SchoolBragança PaulistaSPBrazil.

Adenosine acts as a gastroprotective factor decreasing inflammation and reducing gastric acid secretion. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine the expression of the adenosine receptor genes (A1AR, A2AAR, A2BAR and A3AR) and that of the gastrin receptor B gene (CCKBR) in isolated, short-term cultured enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells. Both the A1AR and the CCKBR genes were expressed at a level high-er than the other genes. Also, the effect of 2-chloroadenosine, a stable agonist of A1 and A2A receptors, was explored on ECL cells, with a resulting inhibition of both basal and gastrin-stimulated histamine release. Also, dipropylcyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX), a selective A1 antagonist, prevented the inhibitory effects of 2-chloro-adenosine, suggesting the effect of 2-chloroadenosine is mediated by A1 receptors. It is concluded that isolated, short-term cultured ECL cells are a suitable model for studies relating gene expression and function, and that the gastroprotective actions of adenosine are at least partly mediated through A1 receptors.

关键词： Gastrin 2-chloroadenosine DPCPX

解析中国—巴西的太空合作关系：伙伴，对手还是二者兼有？

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解析中国—巴西的太空合作关系：伙伴，对手还是二者兼有？

作者： Goncalves De lima,rafael 吉林大学

学位级别：硕士

本文意在研究中国和巴西在太空领域的合作。虽然这项研究涉及太空项目技术方面，但这不是这篇文章所研究的主要方面。本文将研究集中在太空合作的政治方面。由于这个原因，本研究也集中于展望中巴两国的政府对发展太空项目和在太空领域... 详细信息

本文意在研究中国和巴西在太空领域的合作。虽然这项研究涉及太空项目技术方面，但这不是这篇文章所研究的主要方面。本文将研究集中在太空合作的政治方面。由于这个原因，本研究也集中于展望中巴两国的政府对发展太空项目和在太空领域的合作。本文还将通过这个合作寻求验证结果和政治利益。本研究将重点主要放在中巴建设远程监控卫星—CBERS的合作上。之所以选择这一合作，一是因为它是一种伙伴关系，这一伙伴关系已经成为南南合作的榜样，二是因为巴西太空项目的目的是通过远程监控卫星项目与中国展开合作。因此，本研究将显示的路径由1999年11月14日首次推出CBERS，直到将它放置在双方中巴关系的历史上的一个突出显示的位置。本研究还力图展现两国在这一领域合作的原因，其中最主要的原因就是两国之间没有根本利益的冲突。换句话说，中国和巴西在这样一个明智的和战略性的领域中合作能够滋生和繁荣的一个基本条件是两国之间的相互信任。 CBERS-1发射15年后，建立了中巴太空气候联合实验室，并且因为这一项目机构的重要性、合作的性质以及潜在的长期前景和交流，在中巴关系上掀开了一个新的篇章。虽然中国和巴西的合作道路并不容易，都经历了很多困难，但是两国仍将这一太空项目向前推进。发达国家提出的技术导向的禁令是中巴开始太空项目以来遇到的许多挑战之一。拥有太空技术的这些国家群体不希望看到他们的太空霸权受到挑战。因此，南南合作取代南北合作，被描绘成一个为克服共同障碍的可行的选择。CBERS-1不仅标志着脱离垄断这种技术的发达国家，而且还证实了在这个领域进行南南合作的可行性。然而，有必要考虑到每个国家都有自己对世界的看法，还要考虑到他们可以根据自己对国际事务变化的理解为未来事件做好准备。因此，中国和巴西有自己的政治议程，自己的国家发展项目以及非常具体的利益，而这些议程、国家发展项目和具体的利益可能会也可能不会集中在一个确定的历史时刻。考虑到这一事实，我们要回答下列问题：未来中巴在太空领域合作的特征，是竞争?是合作？还是竞争和合作同时进行？本文中我试图通过对CBERS项目的分析来说明，中巴两国不仅有条件克服在太空合作方面的各种挑战，而且也有条件克服其他发生在最终建立合作前的各种挑战。通过对研究中所有因素的批判性分析，以及对这一研究中更多细节的进一步研究和实验，我们可以得出这样的结论：未来中巴在太空领域的合作将有巨大的合作潜力。这一潜力得以加强，源自于中巴两国的合作、相互信任，以及中巴两国的双边关系和两国在空间领域的合作项目都没有根本的利益冲突。

关键词：中国巴西空间合作中巴地球资源卫星中巴太空气候联合实验室

Biomass-glycerol briquettes are not necessarily mechanically stable and energetically effective

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2020年第4期2卷 291-303页

作者： Bruno rafael de Almeida Moreira Ronaldo da Silva Viana Samuel Dias Moreira Monique dos Santos lima Anderson Chagas Magalhães Celso Tadao Miasaki JoséClaudio Caraschi Department of Phytosanitary Rural Engineering and SoilsSchool of EngineeringSão Paulo State University(Unesp)Ilha SolteiraSão PauloBrazil Department of Plant Production College of Agricultural and Technological SciencesSão Paulo State University(Unesp)DracenaBrazil São Paulo State University(Unesp) ItapevaSão PauloBrazil

The re-use of glycerol from biodiesel industry as an alternative lubricant for making high-performance briquettes is ***,the technical performance of this agro-industrial residue is not *** study outlines,accordingly,the real risk of introducing glycerol into the co-briquetting of highly caloric by-products of *** production of hybrid briquettes consisted of pressing mixtures of residues of sugarcane and sorghum with the liquid additive at 10,20,and 30 wt.%in bench-scale hydraulic piston presser *** of the blend,briquettes containing the supplement at the highest level as part of their composition ended up being much more hygroscopic(20.10%)and less energetic(3.15 GJ m^(−3)).The explanation for the negative impact of glycerol on the thermomechanical behavior of briquettes would be overconcen-tration of additive capable of effectively defying compacting *** degree of compaction during co-briquetting has likely gone down quickly with a maximizing level of *** long as the additive is not able to lubricate the feedstock suitably,improbability of biomass particles to successfully bond together to form themselves into mechanically stable and energetically effective briquettes is *** lower density(273.80 kg m^(−3))and higher relaxation(22.75%),briquettes with glycerol at 30 wt.%generally were aesthetically ***,these products resisted no longer to handling,transportation,and *** lost their shape easily during emptying and shifting them,thus,releasing larger quanti-ties of biomass to the *** evidence of high-viscosity glycerol capable of limiting safe and effective production of high-performance briquettes for heating and power exists.

关键词： Additive Agro-residues Densification Biosolids Waste-to-energy

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in a Brazilian public hospital

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第8期11卷 1761-1770页

作者： Fillipe Dantas Pinheiro Luana Weber Lopes rafael Santos Dantas Miranda Dórea Glauber Rocha lima Araújo Filipe Antônio França da Silva Breno Bittencourt de Brito Maria Luísa Cordeiro Santos Geovani Moreno Santos Júnior Maria Teresa Araújo de Lorenzo Barcia Renata de Amorim Marques AndréBezerra Botelho Anna Carolina Saúde Dantas Davi Tanajura Costa Adriano Fernandes Teixeira Cláudio lima Souza Lucas Miranda Marques Guilherme Barretos Campos Márcio Vasconcelos Oliveira Dulciene Maria de Magalhães Queiroz Fabrício Freire de Melo Instituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde Universidade Federal da BahiaVitória da Conquista 45029-094BahiaBrazil Hospital Geral de Vitória da Conquista Vitória da Conquista 45030-160BahiaBrazil Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia(UESB)Vitória da Conquista 45083-900BahiaBrazil Faculdade de Medicina Universidade Federal de Minas GeraisBelo Horizonte 31270-901Minas GeraisBrazil

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has become a major health concern *** that context,the understanding of epidemiological and clinical features associated with the disease and its severity is crucial for the establishment of strategies aimed at disease control and *** To describe epidemiological features,signs,symptoms,and laboratory findings among severely ill COVID-19 patients from an inten-sive care unit in northeastern Brazil as well as to evaluate predictor factors for disease *** This is a prospective single-center study that evaluated 115 patients admitted to the intensive care unit in a northeastern Brazilian *** The patients had a median age of 65.60±15.78 *** was the most frequent symptom,affecting 73.9%of the patients,followed by cough(54.7%).Fever was reported in approximately one-third of patients and myalgia in 20.8%of the *** least two comorbidities were found in 41.7%of the patients,and hypertension was the most prevalent(57.3%).In addition,having two or more comorbidities was a predictor of mortality,and lower platelet count was positively associated with *** and vomiting were two symptoms that were predictors of death,and the presence of a cough was a protective *** This is the first report of a negative correlation between cough and death in severely ill severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-infected *** associations between comorbidities,advanced age,and low platelet count and the outcomes of the infection were similar to the results of previous studies,highlighting the relevance of these features.

关键词： COVID-19 Epidemiology Symptoms Comorbidities Laboratory parameters

Multitemporal Analysis of Land Use and Coverage in the Low Course of the Araguaia River

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2020年第5期12卷 496-518页

作者： Rodrigo rafael Souza de Oliveira Everaldo Barreiros de Souza Aline Maria Meiguins de lima Full Degree Course in Geography Center of Social Sciences and Education Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences Para State University Belem Para Brazil Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences Institute of Geosciences Federal University of Para Belem Para Brazil

This work aimed to analyze the spatial behavior of plant formations and land use in the Ecological Tension Area Amazon—Cerrado. To this end, the Araguaia river basin was selected, in its low course, because it constitutes a physical-natural limit between the two Biomms, with intense dynamics of use and land cover Thus, in addition to researching scientific references and socioeconomic data from secondary sources, a geographic database was elaborated, with georeferenced data, and spatial operations are carried out. Among them, a supervised classification of land use and coverage, with multi-temporal analysis between the years 1984, 2000 and 2018. Thus, an expansion of 4.2 ha of Forest (Amazon biome) was observed on the savanic phytophysiognomy (Cerrado). However, the suppression of forested areas reached values around 21,700 km2, with direct conversions to anthropic activities, mainly pasture, about 71%. The results of the mapping compared with the data of the agricultural census show that the landscape of the Araguaia river basin, in its low course, is dominated by areas of pasture managed. However, public policies and government investments have fomented the expansion of agriculture in the direct bank of the river Araguaia, from 2000 onwards, and that the landscape of the left bank is dominated by pasture managed. Finally, it was found that the implantation of protective areas contributed to the vegetational regeneration of both biomms.

关键词： Watershed Phytophysiognomy Agriculture Expansion

Therapeutic and biological activities of Calotropis procera(Ait.) ***.

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第4期3卷 332-336页

作者： Marcia Calheiros Chaves Silva Antonio Batista da Silva Fabiano Moura Teixeira Paulo Cesar Pereira de Sousa Regina Maria Macedo Rondon Jose Eduardo Ribeiro Honorio Junior Luiz rafael Leite Sampaio Samanda lima Oliveira Angela Nadyla Martins Holonda Silvania Maria Mendes de Vasconcelos Enfermeira Mestre em Farmacologia/Universidade Federal do Ceara/UFC Farmaceutico Mestre em Patologia Tropical/Universidade Federal do Amazonas/UFAM Biologo Mestre em Bioquimica/Universidade Federal do Ceara/UFC Farmaceutico Mestre em Ciencias Farmaceutica/Universidade Federal do Ceara/UFC Biologa Mestre em Producao Animal/Universidade Estadual do Ceara/UECE Biologo Mestre em Fisiologia da Universidade Estadual do Ceara/UECE Enfermeiro Mestrando em Farmacologia da Universidade Federal do Ceara/UFC Aluna de Farmacia da Universidade Federal do Ceara/UFC Enfermeira Professora Adjunto do Depto.de Fisiologia e Farmacologia da Universidade Federal do Ceara/UFC

Medicinal plants have been used to treat various ailments of the poor population around the world;hence the interest among researchers to know the active ingredients of certain plants has being *** Calotropis procera(***) is a plant original from Africa,commonly found in northeastern *** is well known for their pharmacological properties,since it produces large amounts of *** important role that medicinal plants play in folk medicine has led us to develop this article in order to review the major pharmacological activities of C. procera.

关键词： Calotropis procera Pharmacological activity Medicinal plants

Production, Detection and Cross-Reactivity of Anti-Polysaccharide Antibodies from Environmental Fungi

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第10期5卷 815-822页

作者： rafael Andrade Menolli Thais Soprani Ayala Pablo Rodrigo da Rosa Claudia Rejane lima de Macedo Costa Erica Fernanda Osaku Rosiane G. Mello Zibetti Centro de Ciências Médicas e Farmacêuticas Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Cascavel Brasil Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Cascavel Brasil Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe Curitiba Brasil

The diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Disease (IFD) is difficult because the sensitivity of conventional culture and cytology methods for the detection of Aspergillus is poor, and because serological methods exhibit cross-reactivity with environmental fungi. Fungal polysaccharides are of particular interest in the serologic diagnosis of IFD, especially galactomannan (GM) and glucan, which have been recognized as useful tools for the diagnosis of fungal infections. Further investigation into polysaccharide antibody cross-reactivity is important in improving diagnostic tests. Our aim was to verify the production of antibodies against fungal antigens in mice immunized with exopolysaccharides (EPS) obtained from three fungal species (Aspergillus terreus, Paecilomyces variotii and Curvularia brachyspora). ELISA assays were performed to evaluate homologous and heterologous reactions and showed anti-polysaccharide antibodies production. EPS from A. terreus was immunogenic enough to immunize the animal and lead to antibody production against this EPS. In addition, no cross-reactivity was observed with EPS obtained from P. variotii and C. brachyspora. The EPS from P. variotii did not exhibit good immunogenicity, whereas EPS from C. brachyspora showed good immunogenicity, and heterologous reactions were detected on the ELISA assays performed using the EPS from this species. The results indicate that immunization can occur for environmental fungal polysaccharides, generating antibodies may be interfere in serological diagnosis that are based on detection of fungal polysaccharides, mainly glucans and galactomannans.

关键词： Exopolysaccharides Environmental Fungi Immunization