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Good and bad dispositions between archaea and bacteria in the human gut:New insights from metagenomic survey and co-occurrence analysis

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Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology 2024年第1期9卷 88-98页

作者： Francesco Candeliere Laura sola Stefano raimondi Maddalena Rossi Alberto Amaretti Department of Life Sciences University of Modena and Reggio Emilia41125 ModenaItaly Biogest-Siteia University of Modena and Reggio Emilia41125 ModenaItaly

Archaea are an understudied component of the human *** this study,the gut archaeome and bacteriome of 60 healthy adults from different region were analyzed by whole-genome shotgun *** were ubiquitously found in a wide range of abundances,reaching up to 7.2%.The dominant archaeal phylum was Methanobacteriota,specifically the family Methanobacteriaceae,encompassing more than 50%of Archaea in 50 *** previously underestimated Thermoplasmatota,mostly composed of Methanomassiliicoccaceae,dominated in 10 subjects(>50%)and was present in all others except ***,the sole other archaeal phylum,occurred in negligible concentration,except for two samples(4.6-4.8%).This finding confirmed that the human gut archaeome is primarily composed of methanogenic organisms and among the known methanogenic pathway:i)hydrogenotrophic reduction of CO_(2) is the predominant,being the genus Methanobrevibacter and the species Methanobrevibacter smithii the most abundant in the majority of the samples;ii)the second pathway,that involved Methanomassiliicoccales,was the hydrogenotrophic reduction of methyl-compounds;iii)dismutation of acetate or methyl-compounds seemed to be ***-occurrence analysis allowed to unravel correlations between Archaea and Bacteria that shapes the overall structure of the microbial community,allowing to depict a clearer picture of the human gut archaeome.

关键词： Gut microbiota Archaea Metagenome Co-occurrence Methanomassiliicoccus Methanobrevibacter smithii

An Adaptive Data-driven Method Based on Fuzzy Logic for Determining Power System Voltage Status

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第3期12卷 707-718页

作者： Sirwan Shazdeh Hêmin Golpîra Hassan Bevrani the SMGRC University of KurdistanSanandajIran Power Systems Modeling&Simulation Lab Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of KurdistanKurdistanSanandaj 66177-15175Iran

This paper proposes an adaptive method based on fuzzy logic that utilizes data from phasor measurement units(PMUs) to assess and classify generating-side voltage trajectories. The voltage variable and its associated derivatives are used as the input variables of a fuzzy-logic block. In addition, the voltage trajectory is compared with the pre-selected pilot-bus voltage to make a reliable decision about the voltage operational state. Different types of short-term voltage dynamics are considered in the proposed method. The fuzzy membership functions are determined using a systematic method that considers the current situation of the voltage trajectory. Finally, the voltage status is categorized into four classes to determine appropriate remedial actions. The proposed method is validated on a IEEE 73-bus power system in a MATLAB environment.

关键词： Fuzzy logic fault-induced delayed voltage recovery phasor measurement unit(PMU) short-term voltage stability situational awareness voltage classification

Enhancement of mechanical and tribological performance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy by laser surface alloying with Inconel 625 and SiC precursor materials

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Friction 2024年第9期12卷 2089-2107页

作者： Hao-ran CHENG ki-Hoon SHIN Hong Seok kiM Department of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School of Seoul National University of Science and TechnologySeoul 01811Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Seoul National University of Science and TechnologySeoul 01811Republic of Korea

This study focused on producing metal matrix composite(MMC)coatings on Ti–6Al–4V alloy through laser surface alloying using a novel combination of Inconel 625 and SiC precursor *** ratios of alloying powders were examined to evaluate surface properties such as microhardness,wear resistance,and friction coefficient,along with analyzing the phase composition and microstructure of the *** in situ synthesized MMC coatings exhibited the presence ofα-Ti,NiTi,NiTi_(2),and TiC ***,Ti_(5)Si_(3)andα-Ti/Ti_(5)Si_(3)eutectic structures were observed when the SiC content exceeded 20%.In comparison to the titanium substrate,the MMC coating significantly enhanced microhardness by over threefold and reduced wear by 95%.However,it was crucial to carefully select the appropriate combination of alloying powders to avoid a substantial decrease in friction performance and excessive formation of *** a comparative analysis of experimental results,the optimal precursor material composition was identified as 85%Inconel 625 and 15%*** study demonstrated the effective utilization of Inconel 625 and SiC alloying materials to enhance the surface properties of titanium alloys,thereby expanding their application in challenging environments.

关键词： titanium alloy Inconel 625 SiC ceramic laser surface alloying metal matrix composite(MMC)

Spatial distribution and potential ecological and health risks associated with heavy metals in the Ijero-Ekiti mining site,Nigeria

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Regional Sustainability 2024年第1期5卷 26-41页

作者： Johnson Adedeji OLUsola Adeyinka Oluyemi ATUraMU Olufunke ASAOLU Olusesan sola OGUNLEYE Department of Geography and Planning Science Ekiti State UniversityAdo Ekiti360211Nigeria Institute of Ecology and Environmental Studies Obafemi Awolowo UniversityIle IfeOsun State220101Nigeria Department of Geology(Climate Change and Paleobiology Group) Ekiti State UniversityAdo Ekiti360211Nigeria Environmental Natural Resources and Blue EconomyEurope and Central AsiaWorld Bank GroupWashington D.C.20433the USA

Artisanal gold mining,a labor-intensive and antiquated technique,is a growing industry and the source of income for rural communities all over the ***,artisanal gold mining has potential negative and long-term effects on economy,environment,and *** study collected soil samples from 16 sample points including a control point to examine the pollution degrees and spatial distribution of heavy metals,as well as ecological and health risks associated with heavy metal pollution in the Ijero-Ekiti mining site,*** Information System(GIS)and remote sensing technologies were used to identify regions with high concentrations of heavy metals and assess the environmental impact of gold mining *** results show that the mean heavy metal concentrations of 16 soil pointa are 8.94(±5.97)mg/kg for As,0.18(±0.54)mg/kg for Cd,0.11(±1.06)mg/kg for Co,14.32(±3.43)mg/kg for Cr,6.89(±0.64)mg/kg for Cu,48.92(±11.77)mg/kg for Fe,135.81(±30.75)mg/kg for Mn,5.92(±0.96)mg/kg for Ni,5.72(±1.66)mg/kg for Pb,and 13.94(±1.38)mg/kg for *** study reveals that heavy metal concentration in soils follows the order of Mn>Fe>Cr>Zn>As>Cu>Ni>Pb>Co>*** analysis of soil samples indicates that 3 principal components(PCs)account for 70.008%of the total variance and there are strong positive correlations between various pairs of heavy *** total potential ecological risk index(309.599)in the study area is ***-carcinogenic risk suggests that there may be long-term health impacts on people who work in the mining areas due to chronic exposure to the *** on the study,the hazard index of carcinogenic health risks associated with heavy metals through ingestion is 520.00×10^(–4).Dermal contact from As and Cr also increases the risk of cancer,with the highest hazard index value of 18.40×10^(–4).The lowest exposure pathway,with the hazard index value of 0.68×10^(–4),indicates that the inhalation of heavy metals has a comparatively low risk of can

关键词： Artisanal gold mining Heavy metals Exposure pathway Potential ecological risk Geo-accumulation index Ijero-Ekiti mining site

Regional economic assessment of a novel place-based model for sustainable food systems

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第2期5卷 220-229页

作者： Susanna Kujala Kari Koppelmäki University of Helsinki Ruralia InstituteKampusranta 9 C 60320SeinäjokiFinland University of Helsinki Ruralia InstituteLönnrotinkatu 750100MikkeliFinland Wageningen University&Research Farming Systems Ecology GroupDroevendaalsesteeg 16708PBWageningenThe Netherlands

Several actions from both the environmental and human viewpoints have already been made to meet the sustainability goals targeted at food ***,new place-based ideas to improve sustainability are *** symbiosis(AES),a novel food system model,is an example of a suggested system-level change to attain sustainability targets;it is a symbiosis of food production and processing using renewable energy that uses its own *** has already been found advantageous from the ecological and biophysical viewpoints,but a regional economic evaluation of the model is still ***,the aim of our paper is to assess the regional economic impact of a possible systemic change in the food system using the network of agroecological symbiosis(NAES)as an *** applied scenarios representing different ways of moving towards envisioned NAES models in Mäntsälä,Finland,and a computable general equilibrium model to evaluate the regional economic *** to our results,both regional economy and employment would increase,and the regional production base would diversify with NAES implementation applied to the region,but the extent of the benefits varies between *** scenario that includes change in both public and private food demand,production of bioenergy and utilization of by-products would cause the largest ***,realizing NAES requires investments that may influence the actual implementation of such ***,a change towards NAES can promote an economically and spatially just transition to sustainability,as NAES seems to be economically most beneficial for rural areas.

关键词： Sustainability Regional economy Localized food system Renewable energy Circularity

Modification strategies improving the electrochemical and structural stability of high-Ni cathode materials

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 185-205页

作者： Yoon Bo Sim Hami Lee Junyoung Mun ki Jae kim Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology(SIEST) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

With the increasing spotlight in electric vehicles,there is a growing demand for high-energy-density batteries to enhance driving ***,several studies have been conducted on high-energy-density LiNi_(x)Co_(y)Mn_(z)O_(2)***,there is a limit to permanent performance deterioration because of side reactions caused by moisture in the atmosphere and continuous microcracks during cycling as the Ni content to express high energy increases and the content of Mn and Co that maintain structural and electrochemical stabilization *** direct modification of the surface and bulk regions aims to enhance the capacity and long-term performance of high-Ni cathode ***,an efficient modification requires a study based on a thorough understanding of the degradation mechanisms in the surface and bulk *** this review,a comprehensive analysis of various modifications,including doping,coating,concentration gradient,and single crystals,is conducted to solve degradation issues along with an analysis of the overall degradation mechanism occurring in high-Ni cathode *** also summarizes recent research developments related to the following modifications,aims to provide notable points and directions for post-studies,and provides valuable references for the commercialization of stable high-energy-density cathode materials.

关键词： High energy density High-Ni cathode materials Degradation Structural stability Lithium-ion battery

Hydrangea serrata extract exerts tumor inhibitory activity against hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells via inducing p27/CDK2-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第2期14卷 65-72,I0002-I0005页

作者： Ye-eun kim Jeonghye Hwang ki-Young kim Graduate School of Biotechnology Kyung Hee UniversitySeocheonGiheungYonginGyeonggi-do 446-701Republic of Korea Department of Genetics and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesKyung Hee UniversitySeocheonGiheungYonginGyeonggi-do 446-701Republic of Korea

Objective:To examine the inhibitory effect of Hydrangea serrata extract against hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells and its underlying ***:The effects of Hydrangea serrata extract on growth inhibition of tumor cells and spheroids were assessed using MTT and 3D culture *** real-time PCR and Western blot analyses were employed to investigate the changes in mRNA and protein expression levels of molecules related to cell cycle and ***:Hydrangea serrata extract effectively inhibited the growth of both tumor cells and *** extract also significantly upregulated p27 mRNA expression and downregulated CDK2 mRNA expression,leading to cell cycle ***,increased BAX/Bcl-2 ratio as well as caspase-9 and-3 were observed after treatment with Hydrangea serrata extract,indicating the induction of tumor cell ***:Hydrangea serrata extract has the potential to alleviate tumors by effectively modulating cell-cycle-related gene expressions and inducing apoptosis,thereby inhibiting tumor growth.

关键词： Hydrangea serrata Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver cancer Anticancer Cell cycle arrest Apoptosis

A Traffic-Aware and Cluster-Based Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for IoT-Assisted WSNs

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第8期80卷 1831-1850页

作者： Hina Gul Sana Ullah ki-Il kim Farman Ali Department of Computer and Software Technology University of SwatMingora19130Pakistan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon34134Republic of Korea Department of Applied AI Sungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul03063Republic of Korea

The seamless integration of intelligent Internet of Things devices with conventional wireless sensor networks has revolutionized data communication for different applications,such as remote health monitoring,industrial monitoring,transportation,and smart *** and reliable data routing is one of the major challenges in the Internet of Things network due to the heterogeneity of *** paper presents a traffic-aware,cluster-based,and energy-efficient routing protocol that employs traffic-aware and cluster-based techniques to improve the data delivery in such *** proposed protocol divides the network into clusters where optimal cluster heads are selected among super and normal nodes based on their residual *** protocol considers multi-criteria attributes,i.e.,energy,traffic load,and distance parameters to select the next hop for data delivery towards the base *** performance of the proposed protocol is evaluated through the network simulator *** different traffic rates,number of nodes,and different packet sizes,the proposed protocol outperformed LoraWAN in terms of end-to-end packet delivery ratio,energy consumption,end-to-end delay,and network *** 100 nodes,the proposed protocol achieved a 13%improvement in packet delivery ratio,10 ms improvement in delay,and 10 mJ improvement in average energy consumption over LoraWAN.

关键词： Internet of Things wireless sensor networks traffic load clustering routing energy efficiency

Integrated bound-state-in-the-continuum photon-pair source

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Photonics Research 2024年第6期12卷 1322-1327页

作者： FAN YE YUE QIN CHENFEI CUI XIANKAI SUN HON ki TSANG Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Integrated photon-pair sources based on spontaneous parametric down conversion(SPDC)in novel high-χ^((2))materials are used in quantum photonic systems for quantum information processing,quantum metrology,and quantum ***,the need for extensive fabrication process development and optimization of dry-etching processes significantly impedes the rapid exploration of different material platforms for low-loss quantum photonic ***,bound states in the continuum(BICs)have emerged as a promising approach for realizing ultralow-loss integrated photonic circuits without requiring an etching *** realizations of BIC photonic circuits have,however,been limited primarily to the classical ***,we explore the BIC phenomena in the quantum regime and show that the etchless BIC platform is suitable for use in integrated entangled photon-pair sources based on the SPDC process in high-χ^((2))*** lithium niobate as an example,we demonstrate photon-pair generation at telecommunication wavelengths,attaining a maximum internal generation rate of 3.46 MHz,a coincidence-to-accidental ratio of 5773,and an experimental two‐photon interference visibility of 94%.Our results demonstrate that the BIC platform can be used for quantum photonic circuits,and this will enable the rapid exploration of different emergingχ^((2))materials for possible use in integrated quantum photonics in the future.

关键词： process quantum continuum