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Multi-scale habitat influences sprainting and group size of a freshwater-obligate smooth-coated otter(Lutrogale perspicillata) in Tungabhadra Otter Conservation reserve, India

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 159-175页

作者： Ankit Moun P.ramesh kumar M.Malathi Priya T.ramesh riddhika Kalle Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History Deputy Conservator of Forests Bellary Territorial Forest Division Deputy Conservator of Forests Working Plan and Survey and Research WingBellary Territorial Forest Division Centre for Functional Biodiversity University of Kwa Zulu-Natal

Background The impact of changing land-use patterns and associated anthropogenic threats on scale-dependent habitat use of semi-aquatic mustelids in scent-marking and social behaviour can provide important insights into the habitat ecology of smooth-coated otters(Lutrogale perspicillata).Methods We sampled 180 stream segments(100–400 m) as spatial replicates of 60 1-km2 sites to record indirect evidence(i.e. spraints and mass latrine sites) and group sizes of smooth-coated otters along the Tungabhadra Otter Conservation reserve(TOCr) during the dry season. To quantify habitat, we recorded stream characteristics, riparian vegetation, and anthropogenic disturbances at the local scale, and hydro-environmental characteristics and land uses at the landscape scale. Using Markovian-chain detection and occupancy models, we assessed the multi-scale habitat use of otters in their selection of suitable areas for scent-marking based on repeated presence-absence data on spraint/latrine locations along the TOCr. We further used linear regression techniques to explore relationships between the number of individuals in smooth-coated otter group and hydro-environmental characteristics, spraint/latrine encounter rate, anthropogenic pressure, land cover, topography, and *** At the local scale, the probability of spraint deposition and group size decreased with anthropogenic disturbance while the probability of spraint detections decreased with grass cover. At the landscape scale, the probability of otter site use for spraint deposition and group sizes increased in southeast flowing streams. Spraint deposition increased with the proportion of sugarcane fields, whereas in contrast, group size decreased with proportion of sugarcane *** Our findings highlight the first empirical evidence on multi-scale habitat use of a southern Indian population of smooth-coated otters in an inland freshwater ecosystem surrounded by the scrub jungle–agriculture matrix. We sug

关键词： Presence-absence modelling Inland river Freshwater ecosystem Semi-aquatic mammal Smooth-coated otter

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FPGA Implementation of 5G Nr Primary and Secondary Synchronization

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 1585-1600页

作者： Aytha ramesh kumar K.Lal Kishore Department of ECE VNR Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering&TechnologyHyderabad500090India JNTUA Former Vice ChancellorIndia

The 5G communication systems are widely established for highspeed data processing to meet users *** 5G New radio(Nr)communications comprise a network of ultra-low latency,high processing speeds,high throughput and rapid synchronization with a time frame of 10 *** between User Equipment(UE)and 5G base station known as gNB is a fundamental procedure in a cellular system and it is performed by a synchronization *** 5G Nr system,Primary Synchronization Signal(PSS)and Secondary Synchronization Signal(SSS)are used to detect the best serving base station with the help of a cell search *** paper aims to determine the Physical Cell Identity(PCI)by using primary synchronization and secondary synchronization *** PSS and SSS detection for finding PCI is implemented on Zynq-7000 series Field Programmable Gate Arrays(FPGA)*** are reconfigurable devices and easy to design complex circuits at high *** proposed architecture employs Primary Synchronization Signal(PSS)and Secondary Synchronization Signal(SSS)detection aims with high speed and low power *** synchronization blocks have been designed and the synthesized design block is implemented on the Zynq-7000 series Zed board with a maximum operating clock frequency of 1 GHz.

关键词： 5G new radio FPGA physical cell identity primary and secondary synchronization

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Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease:Growing Burden, Adverse Outcomes and Associations

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2020年第1期8卷 76-86页

作者： ramesh kumar rajeev Nayan Priyadarshi Utpal Anand Department of Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatnaIndia Department of radiodiagnosis All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatnaIndia Department of Surgical Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatnaIndia

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a systemic disor-der with a complex multifactorial pathogenesis and hetero-genous clinical ***,once believed to be an innocuous condition,has now become the most common cause of chronic liver disease in many countries *** is already highly prevalent in the general population,and owing to a rising incidence of obesity and diabetes mellitus,the incidence of NAFLD and its impact on global healthcare are expected to increase in the future.A subset of patients with NAFLD develops progressive liver disease lead-ing to cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma,and liver *** has emerged as one of the leading causes of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in recent ***,HCC can occur in NAFLD even in absence of *** with the general population,NAFLD increases the risk of liver-related,cardiovascular and all-cause *** is bidirectionally associated with metabolic *** increases the risk and contributes to aggravation of the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis,cardiovascular diseases,diabetes mellitus,and chronic kidney *** addition,NAFLD is linked to colorectal polyps,polycystic ovarian syndrome,osteoporosis,obstructive sleep apnea,stroke,and various extrahepatic *** resection of steatotic liver is associated with increased risk of liver failure and *** is an increasing trend of NAFLD-related cirrhosis requiring liver transplantation,and the recurrence of NAFLD in such patients is almost *** review discusses the growing burden of NAFLD,its outcomes,and adverse associations with various diseases.

关键词： NAFLD NASH Metabolic Outcome Association

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Structure and regeneration status of mangrove patches along the estuarine and coastal stretches of Kerala, India

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Journal of Forestry research 2019年第2期30卷 507-518页

作者： Grinson George P.Krishnan K.G.Mini S.S.Salim P.ragavan S.Y.Tenjing r.MuruganANDam S.K.Dubey A.Gopalakrishnan r.Purvaja r.ramesh ICAr-Central Marine Fisheries research Institute National Centre for Sustainable Coastal Management Ministry of EnvironmentForest and Climate Change Department of Aquatic Environment Management Faculty of Fishery Sciences West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences

This study presents the structural characteristics and regeneration potential of mangrove patches in the estuarine and coastal areas of Kerala, a tropical maritime state in India. Field surveys were carried out at 46 selected sites during August 2015 to May 2016. In each site, the vegetative structure and regeneration status were assessed using the quadrat method. Altogether 219 quadrates were laid out and a total of 13 true mangrove species, belonging to 5 families and 8 genera, were recorded. The total tree density and stand basal area of the study region was1678.08/ha and 20.33 m^2/ha respectively. The low basal areas indicate the reduced structural development in mangroves. Of the 13 tree species, Avicennia constitutes 56%of the total Important Value Index(IVI) and Avicennia officinalis represents 41% of the IVI in Kerala, followed by Avicennia marina(15%), rhizophora mucronata(15%),Sonneratia alba(8%) rhizophora apiculata(7%) and Excoecaria agallocha(7%). The diameter at breast height(DBH) in the study area revealed that 47% of the tree species came under the 1–10 cm DBH class. Total sapling and seedling density in Kerala was 2238.35 and 3232.42 individuals/ha respectively. Density of young plants(seedlings ? saplings) was only 31% greater of tree density and varied from 3–63%, which indicates poor regeneration potential. The Maturity index value(MIV) and complexity index(Ic) value of mangroves were 18.30 and 109.81 respectively. However, the low Ic value(\ 10) observed in seven out of ten coastal districts indicated poor structural development of mangroves in Kerala. Therefore, locationspecific conservation and management measures, guided by the knowledge on spatial distribution and habitat requirements of mangrove varieties should be taken to preserve the mangrove diversity of Kerala.

关键词： Tree density Complexity Quadrat survey Maritime regeneration

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Sixth hour transcutaneous bilirubin predicting significant hyperbilirubinemia in ABO incompatible neonates

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2014年第2期10卷 182-185页

作者： ramesh Y Bhat Pavan CG kumar Department of Pediatrics Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal UniversityManipal-576104Udupi DistrictKarnatakaIndia

Background:Neonates with ABO hemolytic disease are at greater risk for developing significant *** aimed to determine whether sixth hour transcutaneous bilirubin(TcB)could predict such a ***:TcB measurements were obtained at the 6th hour of life in blood group A or B neonates born to blood group O,rhesus factor compatible *** hyperbilirubinemia was monitored and considered significant if a neonate required phototherapy/exchange *** predictive role of sixth hour TcB was ***:Of 144 ABO incompatible neonates,41(OA,24;O-B,17)had significant *** sixth hour TcB was significantly higher among neonates who developed significant hyperbilirubinemia than those who did not(5.83±1.35 mg/dL vs.3.65±0.96 mg/dL,Pr TcB value>4 mg/dL had the highest sensitivity of 93.5%and>6 mg/dL had the highest specifi city of 99%.Area under receiver operating characteristic curve was ***:Sixth hour TcB predicts subsequent significant hyperbilirubinemia in ABO incompatible neonates.

关键词： ABO incompatibility neonate phototherapy significant hyperbilirubinemia transcutaneous bilirubin

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In-Situ Hydrothermal Synthesis of Bi–Bi2O2CO3 Heterojunction Photocatalyst with Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity

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Nano-Micro Letters 2017年第2期9卷 58-67页

作者： Prasenjit Kar Tuhin kumar Maji ramesh Nandi Peter Lemmens Samir kumar Pal Department of Chemical Biological and Macromolecular Sciences S.N.Bose National Centre for Basic SciencesBlock JDSector ⅢSaltLakeKolkata 700106India Institute for Condensed Matter Physics TU BraunschweigMendelssohnstraße 338106 BrunswickGermany Laboratory for Emerging Nanometrology TU BraunschweigBrunswickGermany

Bismuth containing nanomaterials recently received increasing attention with respect to environmental applications because of their low cost, high stability and nontoxicity. In this work, Bi–Bi_2O_2CO_3 heterojunctions were fabricated by in-situ decoration of Bi nanoparticles on Bi_2O_2CO_3 nanosheets via a simple hydrothermal synthesis approach. X-ray diffraction(XrD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and high-resolution TEM(HrTEM) were used to confirm the morphology of the nanosheet-like heterostructure of the Bi–Bi_2O_2CO_3 composite. Detailed ultrafast electronic spectroscopy reveals that the in-situ decoration of Bi nanoparticles on Bi_2O_2CO_3 nanosheets exhibit a dramatically enhanced electron-hole pair separation rate, which results in an extraordinarily high photocatalytic activity for the degradation of a model organic dye, methylene blue(MB) under visible light illumination. Cycling experiments revealed a good photochemical stability of the Bi–Bi_2O_2CO_3 heterojunction under repeated irradiation. Photocurrent measurements further indicated that the heterojunction incredibly enhanced the charge generation and suppressed the charge recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.

关键词： Bi nanoparticles Bi–Bi2O2CO3 nanosheets Heterojunction Hydrothermal method Charge separation Visible light photocatalytic activity

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Chronic renal dysfunction in cirrhosis:A new frontier in hepatology

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第11期27卷 990-1005页

作者： ramesh kumar rajeev Nayan Priyadarshi Utpal Anand Department of Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of radiodiagnosis All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia Department of Surgical Gastroenterology All India Institute of Medical SciencesPatna 801507BiharIndia

Chronic kidney disease(CKD)in patients with liver cirrhosis has become a new frontier in *** recent years,a sharp increase in the diagnosis of CKD has been observed among patients with *** rising prevalence of risk factors,such as diabetes,hypertension and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,appears to have contributed significantly to the high prevalence of ***,the diagnosis of CKD in cirrhosis is now based on a reduction in the estimated glomerular filtration rate ofr more than 3 *** definition has resulted in a better differentiation of CKD from acute kidney injury(AKI),leading to its greater *** has also been noted that a significant proportion of AKI transforms into CKD in patients with decompensated *** in cirrhosis can be structural CKD due to kidney injury or functional CKD secondary to circulatory and neurohormonal *** available literature on combined cirrhosis-CKD is extremely limited,as most attempts to assess renal dysfunction in cirrhosis have so far concentrated on *** to problems related to glomerular filtration rate estimation in cirrhosis,the absence of reliable biomarkers of CKD and technical difficulties in performing renal biopsy in advanced cirrhosis,CKD in cirrhosis can present many challenges for *** combined hepatorenal dysfunctions,fluid mobilization becomes problematic,and there may be difficulties with drug tolerance,hemodialysis and decision-making regarding the need for liver vs simultaneous liver and kidney *** paper offers a thorough overview of the increasingly known CKD in patients with cirrhosis,with clinical consequences and difficulties occurring in the diagnosis and treatment of such patients.

关键词： Acute kidney injury Cirrhosis Chronic kidney disease renal failure Hepatorenal syndrome renal function

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Implementation of High-Q Embedded Band Pass Filter in Wireless Communication

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 2191-2200页

作者： V.Satheesh kumar S.ramesh Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering T.J.S Engineering CollegeChennaiTamilNadu601206India Valliammai Engineering College ChennaiTamil Nadu603203India

At 12.8 MHz center frequency,the advanced miniaturized polymer-based planar high quality factor(Q)passive elements embedded bandpassﬁlter works in the *** most of the demands operate inside the spectrum,the wideband or high-speed operation necessary to enhance must be acquired in microwave frequency *** channel has a quiet,high-performance micro-ﬁlter with wideband *** and inductors are used in the high quality factor(Q)passive components,and related networks are incorporated in theﬁ*** layers are concatenated using Three-Dimensional Integrated Circuit(3D-IC)integration,parasitics are removed,and interconnection losses are negotiated using de-embedding methods.A wireless application-based Liquid Crystalline Polymer(LCP)viewpoint is employed as a substrate material in this *** polymer processes,their properties,and the incorporated high-Q Band Pass Filter *** suggestedﬁlter model is computed and manufactured utilizing the L-band frequency spectrum,decreasing total physical length by 31%while increasing bandwidth by 45%.

关键词： Bandpassﬁlter wireless communication frequency spectrum embedded technology

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Optimization of piezoelectric MEMS process on Sr and La co-doped PZT thin films

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2020年第4期10卷 6-12页

作者： M.Kathiresan Jain Jose E.Varadarajan r.ramesh V.Natarajan M.K.Jayaraj T.Santhanakrishnan Naval Physical and Oceanographic Laboratory DrDO Kochi-682021India research Innovation Centre DrDO Chennai-600113India Department of Physics Cochin University of Science and Technology Kochi-682022 India Combat Vehicle research and Development Establishment DRDOChennai-600054India

Doped lead-zirconate-titanate(PZT)thin films are preferred for the development of micro-electro-mechanical systems(MEMS)-based acoustic sensors because of their inherent higher dielectric and piezoelectric *** process is used to develop such MEMS devices which is highly complex even for undoped PZT thin films;therefore,the problem is further cumbersome for doped PZT thin films due to the presence of added dopant elements and their associated *** paper presents patterning of strontium(Sr)and lanthanum(La)co-doped PZT thin film(PSLZT)deposited on platinized silicon substrate using wet and dry etching processes for fabricating a diaphragm structure with thickness of 15-25μm and diameter of 1.4-2 mm,suitable for acoustic sensing *** effects of various etching conditions have been studied and the results are *** is found that the dry etching is the most suited process for realizing the piezoelectric MEMS structure due to its higher etching *** appreciable etching rate of 260-270 nm/min with smooth vertical sidewalls is *** silicon diaphragm with patterned PSLZT thin film is found to retain more than 80%of its dielectric and piezoelectric coefficients and has a resonance of 1.43 MHz.

关键词： PZT etching rF sputtering Doped PZT Sr and La co-doping MEMS acoustic sensor

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Photochemical Transformations of Some 2-（5-Methylthiophen-2-yl）-3-[（naphthalen-2-yl）methoxy]-4H-chromen-4-ones Involving Type-II Process

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2011年第4期29卷 745-750页

作者： Kamboj, ramesh C kumar, Dinesh Sharma, Geeta Arora, rita Department of Chemistry Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra 136119 India

Photo-irradiation of 2-（5-methylthiophen-2-yl）-3-[（naphthalen-2-yl）methoxy]-4H-chromen-4-ones yielded the fascinating angular tetracyclic products via cyclization involving both 2-thienyl ring and naphthylmethoxy group via 1,4-biradical generated in the Norrish type-II process. The stereochemical dispositions of the products were determined by MM2 energy minimized programme and spectroscopic analysis.

关键词： type-II reaction radicals thienylchromone sigmatropic rearrangement substituent effects

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