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Burst mode enabled ultrafast laser inscription inside gallium arsenide

International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2022年第4期4卷 179-187页

作者： Andong Wang pol sopeña David Grojo Aix-Marseille University CNRSLP3UMR734113009 MarseilleFrance

Ultrafast laser inscription(ULI)inside semiconductors offers new perspectives for 3D monolithic structures to be fabricated and new functionalities to be added in electronic and photonic ***,important challenges remain because of nonlinear effects such as strong plasma generation that distort the energy delivery at the focal point when exposing these materials to intense infrared *** to now,the successful technological demonstrations have primarily concentrated on silicon(si).In this paper,we target at another important semiconductor:gallium arsenide(GaAs).With nonlinearities higher than those of si,3D-machining of GaAs with femtosecond pulses becomes even ***,we show that the difficulty can be circumvented by burst-mode *** generate and apply trains of pulses at terahertz repetition rates for efficient pulse-to-pulse accumulation of laser-induced free carriers in the focal region,while avoiding an overdose of prefocal *** superior performance of burst-mode irradiation is confirmed by a comparative study conducted with infrared luminescence *** results indicate a successful reduction of the plasma density in the prefocal region so that higher pulse energy reaches the focal *** same method is applied to identify optimum irradiation conditions considering particular cases such as asymmetric pulse trains and aberrated *** 64-pulse trains,we successfully manage to cross the writing threshold providing a solution for ULI inside *** application potential is finally illustrated with a stealth dicing demonstration by taking benefit of the burst *** irradiation method opens wide possibilities for 3D structuring inside GaAs by ULI.

关键词： laser processing ultrafast laser inscription THz-repetition-rate burst semiconductors gallium arsenide

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Liquid superlubricity of lubricants containing hydroxyl groups and their aqueous solution under rolling/sliding conditions

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Friction 2024年第1期12卷 164-173页

作者： Tomáš polÁČEK Petr ŠPERKA Ivan KŘUPKA Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Brno University of TechnologyBrno 61669Czech Republic

Macroscale rolling/sliding conditions are in the superlubricity,a little-studied topic so *** purpose of this paper is to examine the formation of elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL)films by water-based lubricants(glycerol and polyethylene glycol(PEG)),providing superlubricous *** were carried out on an optical ball-on-disc tribometer under rolling/sliding *** film thickness was measured by the thin film colorimetric interferometry,and the viscosity of liquids was measured by rotational and high-pressure falling body *** results show that tribochemical reactions are not the mandatory reason for friction to reach the superlubricity level when using the water-based *** studied liquids themselves are almost *** the addition of water,the signs of shear thinning behavior disappear even *** conditions for this type of lubricant can be predicted using the known hamrock–Dowson *** anomaly in the thickness of the lubricants was observed as an abrupt change at certain *** more PEG there is in the lubricant,the higher the thickness at the beginning of the jump.

关键词： macroscale superlubricity super low traction water-based lubricants elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) film thickness

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More bricks in the wall against sARs-CoV-2 infection:involvement of γ9δ2 T cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2020年第7期17卷 771-772页

作者： Ger Rijkers Trees Vervenne Pieter van der pol st.Elisabeth Hospital TilburgThe Netherlands Admiral De Ruyter Hospital GoesThe Netherlands science Department University College RooseveltMiddelburgThe Netherlands

The sARs-CoV-2 virus which emerged in late December 2019 had reached pandemic proportions by March 2020.1 Host defence mechanisms against this new member of the corona virus family will include innate immunity,humoral,and cellular immune responses,of yet unknown relative *** CD8^(+) αβTCR cytotoxic T cells and natural killer cells are mainly responsible for detection and elimination of virus infected cells,with a special role for the CD94/NK group 2 member A(NKG2A)receptor as reported by Zheng et *** this journal.2,3 We want to report yet another brick in the wall against sARs-CoV-2 infection,made of a subset of γδTCR T cells.

关键词： NKG2A involvement infection

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Damage evolution and dynamic response of cement asphalt mortar layer of slab track under vehicle dynamic load

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science China(Technological sciences) 2014年第10期57卷 1883-1894页

作者： ZHU shengYang FU Qiang CAI ChengBiao sPANOs pol D state Key Laboratory of Traction Power Southwest Jiaotong University school of Civil Engineering Central South University Ryon Chair in Engineering Rice University

The damage evolution and dynamic performance of a cement asphalt(CA)mortar layer of slab track subjected to vehicle dynamic load is investigated in this ***,a statistical damage constitutive model for the CA mortar layer is developed using continuous damage mechanics and probability *** this model,the strength of the CA mortar elements is treated as a random variable,which follows the Weibull *** inclusion of strain rate dependence affords considering its influence on the damage development and the transition between viscosity and *** with experimental data support the reliability of the model.A three-dimensional finite element(FE)model of a slab track is then created with the commercial software ABAQUs,where the devised model for the CA mortar is implemented as a user-defined material ***,a vertical vehicle model is coupled with the FE model of the slab track,through the wheel-rail contact forces,based on the nonlinear Hertzian contact *** evolution of the damage and of the dynamic performance of the CA mortar layer with various initial damage is investigated under the train and track *** analysis indicates that the proposed model is capable of predicting the damage evolution of the CA mortar layer exposed to vehicle dynamic *** dynamic compressive strain,the strain rate,and the induced damage increase significantly with an increase in the initial damage,whereas the dynamic compressive stress exhibits a sharp decrease with the increasing initial ***,it is found that the strain rate dependence significantly influences the damage evolution and the dynamic behavior of the CA mortar layer.

关键词： cement asphalt mortar slab track statistical damage constitutive model vehicle-track coupled dynamics damage evolution

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Fabrication of AA7005/TiB2-B4C surface composite by friction stir processing: Evaluation of ballistic behaviour

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第3期15卷 363-368页

作者： Nitinkumar pol Gaurav Verma R.P.Pandey T.shanmugasundaram Research and Development Establishment (Engineers) Pune India Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engg. Defence Institute of Advanced Technology Pune India Armament Research and Development Establishment Pune India

The present work aims to enhance the ballistic resistance of AA7005 alloy by incorporating the TiB2 and B4C ceramic reinforcement particles. surface composites with different weight fractions of TiB2 and B4C particles were processed by friction stir processing. Micro-hardness and depth of penetration tests were carried out to evaluate the ballistic properties of the surface composites. The surface hardness of the composite was found to be nearly 70 HV higher than base alloy. The depth of penetration of the steel projectile was 20e26mm in the composites as compared to 37mm in the base alloy. Ballistic mass efficiency factor of the surface composite was found to be 1.6 times higher than base alloy. This is mainly attributed to the dispersion strengthening from the reinforcement particles.

关键词： Aluminum alloys Metal matrix composite Ballistic testing Friction stir processing

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Real drive cycles analysis by ordered power methodology applied to fuel consumption,C0_(2),NO_(x) and PM emissions estimation

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Frontiers of Environmental science & Engineering 2021年第1期15卷 77-90页

作者： pol Masclans Abello Vicente Medina Iglesias M.Antonia de los santos Lopez Jesus Alvarez-Florez Center for Engines and Heat Installation Research(CREMIT-UPC).Universitat politecnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech.Av.Diagonal 547(ETsEIB)08028 Barcelona Spain Department of Thermal Machinery of Universitat politecnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech and CREMIT-UPC.-BarcelonaTech.Av.Diagonal 547(ETsEIB)08028 Barcelona Spain 3 Department of Mechanical Engineering of Universitat politecnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech and CREMIT-UPC.-BarcelonaTech.Av.Diagonal 547(ETsEIB)08028 Barcelona Spain

In this work three fuel consumption and exha.st emission models,ADVIsOR,VT-MICRO and the European Environmental Agency Emission factors,have been used to obtain fuel consumption(FC)and exha.st *** models have been used at micro-scale,using the two signal treatment methods *** manuscript presents:1)a methodology to collect data in real urban driving cycles,2)an estimation of FC and tailpipe emissions using some available models in literature,and 3)a novel analysis of the results based on delivered wheel *** results include Fuel Consumption(FC),CO_(2),NO_(x) and PM_(10) emissions,which are derived from the three *** the first part of the paper we present a new procedure for incomplete drive cycle data treatment,which is necessary for real drive cycle acquisition in high density *** the models are used to obtain second by second FC and exha.st ***,a new methodology named Cycle Analysis by Ordered Power(CAbOP)is presented and used to compare the *** method consists in the re-ordering of time dependant data,considering the wheel mechanical power domain instead of the standard time *** new strategy allows the 5 situations in drive cycles to be clearly visualized:hard breaking zone,slowdowns,idle or stop zone,sustained speed zone and acceleration *** complete methodology is applied in two real drive cycles surveyed in Barcelona(spain)and the results are compared with a standardized WLTC urban cycle.

关键词： Cycle Analysis by Ordered Power(CAbOP) Micro and macro models Real drive cycle NO_(x)/PM_(10)/CO_(2)emissions Wheel mechanical power domain Worldwide harmonized Light-Duty Vehicles Test Cycle(WLTC)

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Energetics and thermodynamic stability of potential Fe (II) -hexa-aza-active sites for O_(2) reduction in PEM fuel cells

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susMat 2022年第6期2卷 731-748页

作者： Vassili P.Glibin Jean-pol Dodelet Gaixia Zhang Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering University of Western OntarioLondon OntarioCanada Institut National de la Recherche scientifique(INRs) Energie Materiaux Telecommunications Research CentreVarennesQuebecCanada Department of Electrical Engineering Ecole de Technologie Superieure(ETS)1100rue Notre-Dame OuestMontrealQuebec H3C 1K3Canada

We present here a thermodynamic assessment of the stability behavior in acid environment at 298 and 353 K(80◦C)of two iron(II)hexa-aza-macrocyclic complexes and of an hexa-aza-iron-based site(Fe^(II)N_((4+2))/C)that should potentially be active for the oxygen reduction reaction in proton exchange membrane(PEM)fuel *** calculations of the equilibrium constant(K c)for the demetallation reaction indicate that the iron(II)-hexa-aza-macrocyclic complexes and Fe^(II)N_((4+2))/C are chemically stable in an acid medium at 298 and 353 *** with two other potential model sites(Fe^(II)N_((4+2))/C and Fe II N(2+2)/C)that were thought to be present in the same Fe-based catalysts,K c of Fe^(II)N_((4+2))/C is two to three orders of magnitude smaller at 353 K,and three to four orders of magnitude smaller at 298 K,than K c for Fe^(II)N_((4+2))/C or Fe II N(2+2)/C,revealing the great chemical stability of Fe^(II)N_((4+2))/*** this work,we discuss about a novel proposition that the two catalytic sites active in these Fe-based catalysts are Fe II N_(4)/C and Fe^(II)N_((4+2))/*** proposition is in agreement with the durability behavior of these catalysts in PEM fuel cells and also with their known physico-chemical *** origin of the fast and slow decay behaviors of the different sites,which are active at the Fe–N–C-based cathode of PEM fuel cells,is also discussed.

关键词： active site fuel cell oxygen reduction reaction thermodynamic stability

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The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on gait in patients with Parkinson’s disease:a systematic review

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2021年第2期10卷 275-293页

作者： Fateme pol Mohammad Ali salehinejad hamzeh Baharlouei Michael A.Nitsche Musculoskeletal Research Center Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran Department of Psychology and Neurosciences Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human FactorsDortmundGermany Department of Neurology University Medical Hospital BergmannsheilBochumGermany

Background:Gait problems are an important symptom in Parkinson’s disease(PD),a progressive neurodegenerative *** direct current stimulation(tDCs)is a neuromodulatory intervention that can modulate cortical excitability of the gait-related *** an increasing number of gait-related tDCs studies in PD,the efficacy of this technique for improving gait has not been systematically investigated ***,we aimed to systematically explore the effects of tDCs on gait in PD,based on available experimental ***:Using the PRIsMA(Preferred Reporting Items for systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses)approach,PubMed,Web of science,scopus,and PEDro databases were searched for randomized clinical trials assessing the effect of tDCs on gait in patients with ***:Eighteen studies were included in this systematic ***,tDCs targeting the motor cortex and supplementary motor area bilaterally seems to be promising for gait rehabilitation in *** of tDCs targeting the dorosolateral prefrontal cortex or cerebellum showed more heterogeneous *** studies are needed to systematically compare the efficacy of different tDCs protocols,including protocols applying tDCs alone and/or in combination with conventional gait rehabilitation treatment in ***:tDCs is a promising intervention approach to improving gait in *** tDCs over the motor areas has shown a positive effect on gait,but stimulation of other areas is less ***,the heterogeneities of methods and results have made it difficult to draw firm ***,systematic explorations of tDCs protocols are required to optimize the efficacy.

关键词： Transcranial direct current stimulation Gait Parkinson’s disease

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Ultra-high-aspect-ratio structures through silicon using infrared laser pulses focused with axicon-lens doublets

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Light(Advanced Manufacturing) 2024年第3期5卷 1-15页

作者： Niladri Ganguly pol sopena David Grojo Aix-Marseille University CNRSLP3 UMR 7341F-13009 MarseilleFrance

We describe how a direct combination of an axicon and a lens can represent a simple and efficient beam-shaping solution for laser material processing *** produce high-angle pseudo-Bessel micro-beams at 1550 nm,which would be difficult to produce by other *** with appropriate stretching of femtosecond pulses,we access optimized conditions inside semiconductors allowing us to develop high-aspect-ratio refractive-index writing *** ultrafast microscopy techniques,we characterize the delivered local intensities and the triggered ionization dynamics inside silicon with 200-fs and 50-ps *** similar plasma densities are produced in both cases,we show that repeated picosecond irradiation induces permanent modifications spontaneously growing shot-after-shot in the direction of the laser beam from front-surface damage to the back side of irradiated silicon *** conditions for direct microexplosion and microchannel drilling similar to those today demonstrated for dielectrics still remain ***,this work evidences higher energy densities than those previously achieved in semiconductors and a novel percussion writing modality to create structures in silicon with aspect ratios exceeding~700 without any motion of the *** estimated transient change of conductivity and measured ionization fronts at near luminal speed along the observed microplasma channels support the vision of vertical electrical connections optically controllable at GHz repetition *** permanent silicon modifications obtained by percussion writing are light-guiding structures according to a measured positive refractive index change exceeding *** findings open the door to unique monolithic solutions for electrical and optical through-silicon-vias which are key elements for vertical interconnections in 3D chip stacks.

关键词： Beam-shaping Infrared ultrafast laser silicon processing Through-silicon-via

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血管性血友病患儿行颅缝早闭成型术的围手术期管理：不同寻常的关注目标

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麻醉与镇痛 2010年第5期6卷 69-73页

作者： Isabelle Maquoi, md Vincent Bonhomme, md, phd Jacques Daniel Born,md,phd Marie-Frangoise Dresse, md, phd Elisabeth Ronge-Collard,md Jean-Marc Minon, md, phd pol ha.s, md, phd 蒋金娣(译) 钱燕宁(校) University Department of Anesthesia and ICM Department of Neurosurgery University Departmentof Pediatrics Liege Hemophilia Treatment Cente~ Department of Laboratory Medicine Hemostasis and Thrombosis Unit CHR Citadelle Liege Belgium 不详

我们报告一例在手术前评估时诊断为重型I型血管性血友病并用VII因子浓缩剂和瑞斯托霉素辅因子治疗的患儿，成功行颅缝早闭成形术的管理经验。麻醉医师、神经外科医师、临床病理医师和小儿血液科医师的合作是成功的关键。

关键词：血管性血友病颅缝早闭围手术期管理患儿成型术神经外科医师麻醉医师瑞斯托霉素

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