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The Influence of Climate Factors on the Stability of Infrastructures: Case of Forest ecosystem in Southern Cameroon

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第12期6卷 1317-1322页

作者： Philemon Zo’o Zame philippe Samba Assomo University of Yaounde I Yaoundé Cameroon

The southern forest ecosystem of Cameroon extends from latitude 2° to 6°N and from 10° to 16°e. In order to investigate about the influence of climate factors on the infrastructures, the main parameters of local climate of that ecosystem have been evaluated. The results show that, the factors are stable and have a common trend. But, the abundance of precipitations;the important hydrographic network and the presence of dense forest appear as the majors climatic constraints that may be taken in account to ensure the stability of the infrastructures in forest ecosystem.

关键词： Forest ecosystem Climate Factors Stability Infrastructures Cameroon

Analysis of three-dimensional effects in laser driven thin-shell capsule implosions

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Matter and Radiation at extremes 2019年第5期4卷 55-66页

作者： Rafael Ramis Benoit Canaud Mauro Temporal Warren J.Garbett Franck philippe e.T.S.I.Aeronauticay del espacio Universidad Politecnica de MadridP.Cardenal Cisneros 3E-28040MadridSpain CeA DAMDIF91297 Arpajon CedexFrance CentredeMathematiques etdeLeurs Applications ENSCachanandCNRS61 Av.duPresident Wilson94235CachanCedexFrance AWe plc AldermastonReadingBerkshire RG74PRUnited Kingdom

Three-dimensional(3D)hydrodynamic numerical simulations of laser driven thin-shell gas-filled microballoons have been carried out using the computer code MULTI-3D[Ramis et al.,*** 21,082710(2014)].The studied configuration corresponds to experiments carried at the ORION laser facility[Hopps et al.,Plasma *** Fusion 57,064002(2015)].The MULTI-3D code solves single-temperature hydrodynamics,electron heat transport,and 3D ray tracing with inverse bremsstrahlung absorption on unstructured Lagrangian *** emphasis has been placed on the genuine 3D effects that are inaccessible to calculations using simplified 1D or 2D *** include the consequences of(i)a finite number of laser beams(10 in the experimental campaign),(ii)intensity irregularities in the beam crosssectional profiles,(iii)laser beam misalignments,and(iv)power imbalance between *** consequences of these imperfections have been quantified by post-processing the numerical results in terms of capsule nonuniformities(synthetic emission and absorption images)and implosion efficiency(convergence ratio and neutron yield).Statistical analysis of these outcomes allows determination of the laser tolerances that guarantee a given level of target performance.

关键词： consequences absorption dimensional

High-throughput multiplexed fluorescence-activated droplet sorting

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2018年第1期4卷 95-104页

作者： Ouriel Caen Simon Schütz M.S.Suryateja Jammalamadaka Jérémy Vrignon philippe Nizard Tobias M.Schneider Jean-Christophe Baret Valérie Taly INSeRM UMR-S1147 CNRS SNC5014Paris Descartes UniversityEquipe labellisée Ligue Nationale contre le cancerParisFrance emergent Complexity in Physical Systems Laboratory(eCPS) Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne1015 LausanneSwitzerland CNRS University BordeauxCRPPUMR 5031115 Avenue Schweitzer33600 PessacFrance

Fluorescence-activated droplet sorting(FADS)is one of the most important features provided by droplet-based ***,to date,it does not allow to compete with the high-throughput multiplexed sorting capabilities offered by flow ***,we demonstrate the use of a dielectrophoretic-based FADS,allowing to sort up to five different droplet populations *** system provides means to select droplets of different phenotypes in a single experimental run to separate initially heterogeneous *** experimental results are rationalized with the help of a numerical model of the actuation of droplets in electric fields providing guidelines for the prediction of sorting designs for upscaled or downscaled microsystems.

关键词： rational initially sorting

Precipitation behaviour of Al_3Zr precipitate in Al-Cu-Zr and Al-Cu-Zr-Ti-V alloys

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2012年第8期22卷 1860-1865页

作者：贾志宏 Jean-philippe COUZINIé Nadia CHeRDOUDI Ivan GUILLOT LarsRNBeRG Petter SHOLT Stig BRUSeTHAUG Bruno BARLAS5 Denis MASSINON 重庆大学材料科学与工程学院重庆400044 Department of Materials Science and engineering Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyNO-7491TrondheimNorway Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-est UMR 7182 CNRS-UnversitéParis Val de Marne2-8 rue Henri Dunant94320 ThiaisFrance Hydro Aluminium Research and Technology Development N-6601 Sunndals raNorway Montupet SA60181 Nogent sur Oise CedexFrance Mentupet SA 60181 Nogent sur Oise CedexFrance

The precipitation behaviours of Al3Zr precipitate in the Al-Cu-Zr and Al-Cu-Zr-Ti-V alloys were studied by transmission electron microscopy. Metastable Al3Zr precipitates are homogeneously nucleated in dendrite centres resulting in homogeneous distribution. However, the precipitation in the interdendritic regions is complex and the precipitation morphologies, helical-like and stripe-like shapes, were observed, which are composed of many spherical Al3Zr precipitates. The stripe-like precipitate clusters have preferential orientations along with the -100- Al directions, which is inferred to be related to θ′（Al2Cu） and θ phases. Addition of Cu can accelerate the L12→D023 structural transformation of the Al3Zr precipitate.

关键词： aluminium alloys Al3Zr precipitate phase transformation

Foliar persistence and residual activity of methoxyfenozide against beet armyworm （Lepidoptera： Noctuidae）

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Insect Science 2013年第6期20卷 734-742页

作者： Omar-Ulises Aguirre Ana-Mabel Martinez Jesus Campos-Garcia Luis-Antonio Hernaindez Jose-Isaac Figueroa philippe Lobit elisa Vinuela Juan-Manuel Chavarrieta Guy Smagghe Samuel Pineda Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo Michoacan Instituto de Investigaciones Quimico Biologicas Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo Edif. B-3 Ciudad Universitaria CP 58030 Morelia Michoacan Mexico Proteccion de Cultivos Escuela Tecnica Superior de Ingenieros Agronomos Madrid E-28040 Spain Department of Crop Protection Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Ghent B-9000 Belgium

A greenhouse study was conducted to investigate the persistence of methoxyfenozide in pepper （Capsicum annuum L.） foliage. An aqueous suspension of methoxyfenozide was sprayed on pepper plants at concentrations of 72 and 144 mg of active ingredient （a.i.）/L. Foliage was collected at different intervals of time （0, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 days） after the treatment, and the methoxyfenozide residue was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The foliage was also used in bioas- says to determine the residual toxicity on and the consumption rate of the third-instar larvae of the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua （Htibner）（Lepidoptera： Noctuidae）. The methoxyfenozide concentrations observed after 50 days had decreased to 19 and 69μg/g per sample, corresponding to a loss of 61% and 28% from the application concentrations of 72 and 144 mg a.i./L, respectively. When fitting a first-order kinetics degradation model, the half-life （DT50） of this compound was 76 days. Both application concentrations of methoxyfenozide caused a high mortality rate （〉97%） when the larvae were fed the pepper foliage collected at all of the time intervals. Lastly, at all of the time points, the consumption rate by the larvae was reduced to between 57% and 92% for both concentrations that were bioassayed. Our results indicate that, under the present greenhouse conditions, the degradation of methoxyfenozide was slower than that reported by other authors and that its residues were highly toxic to S. exigua larvae. The implications of these results for the management programs of this pest are discussed.

关键词： consumption rate foliar persistence methoxyfenozide residue residualactivity Spodoptera exigua

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己酮可可碱对嘧啶拮抗物细胞毒性的影响

癌症 2001年第12期20卷 1359-1362页

作者：李晔雄 philippe A.COUCKe 中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学肿瘤医院放疗科北京100021 Department of Radiation Oncology Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois 1011 Lausanne

目的:观察己酮可可碱(pentoxifylline,PTX)在体外对嘧啶拮抗物(e)-(2')-脱氧-氟亚甲基胞苷犤(e)-2'-deoxy-2'-(fluoromethylene)cytidine,FMdC犦和5-氟尿嘧啶(5-fluorouracil,5-FU)细胞毒性的影响。方法:用MTT法检测PTX和FMdC或5-FU对人结肠癌细胞系WiDr的细胞毒性。用流式细胞仪检测FMdC和PTX的细胞周期效应。结果:0.25-2.0mmol/LPTX增加FMdC和5-FU的细胞毒性。2mmol/LPTX能使FMdC的半数抑制浓度(IC50)从80nmol/L降到24nmol/L;对5-FU的IC50从10μmol/L降到1.1μmol/L。Isoborogram分析表明,PTX和FMdC或5-FU的细胞毒性作用为相乘作用。在WiDr细胞,20-40nmol/LFMdC引起S期阻滞,并与浓度相关。20nmol/LFMdC时,S期阻滞仅在48h能观察到;30nmol/L和40nmol/LFMdC时,12h开始出现S期阻滞,24h达高峰,48h仍可见明显阻滞。0.5-2.0mmol/LPTX和30nmol/LFMdC共同处理细胞24h,PTX能去除FMdC引起的S期阻滞。0.5mmol/L和1.0mmol/LPTX将S期比例从64.6%分别减少到54.4%和39.3%。结论:PTX能增强体外FMdC和5-FU的细胞毒性,通过PTX去除S期阻滞,为提高嘧啶拮抗物的细胞毒性提供了一种有效途径。

关键词： (e)-(2′)-脱氧-氟亚甲基胞苷 5-氟尿嘧啶己酮可可碱细胞毒性结肠癌

己酮可可碱增强(e)-(2′)-脱氧-氟亚甲基胞苷的细胞毒性和对宫颈癌细胞的放射增敏作用

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癌症 2001年第7期20卷 718-722页

作者：李晔雄 philippe A. COUCKe 中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学肿瘤医院放疗科北京100021 Department of Radiation Oncology Lausanne University Hospital

目的：观察己酮可可碱(pentoxifylline, PTX)对(e)－(2')－脱氧－氟亚甲基胞苷[(e)－2’－deoxy-2’-(fluoromethylene) cytidine，FMdC]的细胞毒性和放射增敏作用的影响。方法: 在人类宫颈癌细胞系C33-A和C4-I, FMdC和PTX的细胞毒性和放射增敏作用应用MTT和克隆形成分析。两种药物的细胞毒性相互作用应用Isoborogram分析。常规照射剂量2 Gy时的放射增敏比（sensitive enhancement ratio, SeR）定义为2 Gy时对照组存活分数（survival fraction, SF）和药物处理组SF之比(SeR2Gy)。结果：PTX增加FMdC 对C33-A和C4-I 细胞的细胞毒性，并呈剂量依赖关系。单药FMdC对C4-I和C33-A的50％抑制浓度（50％inhibition concentration, IC50）分别为139.5 nmol/L和46.7 nmol/L。在C4-I细胞，0.25 mmol/L、0.5 mmol/L和1.0 mmol/L PTX降低FMdC的IC50至58.0 nmol/L、40.6 nmol/L和20.9 nmol/L。在C33-A细胞，0.25 mmol/L、0.5 mmol/L和1.0 mmol/L PTX降低FMdC的IC50至32.1 nmol/L、23.3 nmol/L和9.1 nmol/L。Isoborogram分析表明, FMdC和PTX的细胞毒性效应为相乘作用。应用克隆形成分析，照射前用30 nmol/L FMdC处理指数生长期C33-A和C4-I细胞48 h或照射后立即单用0.25～1.0 mmol/L PTX, 均能观察到各自的放射增敏作用;

关键词：氟亚甲基胞苷己酮可可碱细胞毒性放射增敏宫颈癌

己酮可可碱对(e)-(2’)-脱氧-氟亚甲基胞苷的放射增敏和细胞周期的影响

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中华放射肿瘤学杂志 2001年第3期10卷 200-203页

作者：李晔雄 philippe A.Coucke 中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学肿瘤医院放射治疗科北京100021 Department of Radiation Oncology

目的　观察己酮可可碱 (PTX)在体外对 (e) (2’) 脱氧氟亚甲基胞苷 (FMdC)的放射增敏作用和放射引起细胞周期再分布的影响。方法　在人结肠癌细胞系WiDr进行克隆形成分析检测放射增敏效应。常规照射剂量 2Gy时的放射增敏比 (SeRSF2 ... 详细信息

目的　观察己酮可可碱 (PTX)在体外对 (e) (2’) 脱氧氟亚甲基胞苷 (FMdC)的放射增敏作用和放射引起细胞周期再分布的影响。方法　在人结肠癌细胞系WiDr进行克隆形成分析检测放射增敏效应。常规照射剂量 2Gy时的放射增敏比 (SeRSF2 )定义为 2Gy时对照组存活分数 (SF)和药物处理组SF之比。流式细胞仪应用于分析照射、FMdC和PTX对细胞周期分布的影响。结果　照射前用 30nmol/LFMdC处理WiDr细胞 48h或照射后立即单用 0 .5～ 1.0mmol/LPTX 14d均能观察到各自的放射增敏作用。 30nmol/LFMdC和 0 .2 5～ 1.0mmol/LPTX的SeRSF2 分别为 1.0 9和 1.0 2～ 1.2 4。30nmol/LFMdC和 0 .5mmol/L或 1.0mmol/LPTX联合应用时 ,SeRSF2 分别增加至 1.5 0和 1.6 6。PTX增强FMdC的放射敏感性。流式细胞仪分析表明 ,在非同步化WiDr细胞 ,放射引起G2 期阻滞和剂量有关。G2 +M期阻滞在照射后 6h可检测到 ,12h达高峰。照射前应用 30nmol/LFMdC能够使放射引起的G2 +M期阻滞增多 ,但PTX能显著去除G2 期阻滞。结论　己酮可可碱增强FMdC放射增敏作用和G2

关键词： (e)-(2')-脱氧-氟亚甲基胞苷己酮可可碱 WiDr细胞系放射增敏 G2期阻滞细胞周期

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碱改性铜锰尖晶石室温催化氧化空气中甲醛

Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2024年第5期60卷 337-350页

作者： Yongbiao Hua Kumar Vikrant Ki-Hyun Kim philippe M.Heynderickx Danil W.Boukhvalov 汉阳大学土木与环境工程系韩国首尔根特大学国际校区环境与能源研究中心催化与表征材料工程韩国仁川根特大学生物科学工程学院绿色化学与技术系比利时根特京林业大学理学院材料物理与化学研究所江苏南京210037 拉尔联邦大学物理与技术研究所俄罗斯叶卡捷琳堡

甲醛(FA)作为一种有致癌风险的有害污染物,在室内环境中普遍存在.为了高效去除甲醛,催化氧化技术成为了一种既经济又节能的选择,它不仅能降低材料成本(例如避免使用贵金属),也能在无光和室温的条件下进行.本文制备了一种成本效益高的碱... 详细信息

甲醛(FA)作为一种有致癌风险的有害污染物,在室内环境中普遍存在.为了高效去除甲醛,催化氧化技术成为了一种既经济又节能的选择,它不仅能降低材料成本(例如避免使用贵金属),也能在无光和室温的条件下进行.本文制备了一种成本效益高的碱改性锰酸铜尖晶石(CuMn^(2)O_(4))催化剂,并用于甲醛催化氧化反应中.实验结果表明,采用碱(1 mol L^(-1)氢氧化钾)改性的CuMn^(2)O_(4)(1-CuMn^(2)O_(4))作为催化剂,在室温条件下,当甲醛浓度为50 ppm,气体空速为4777 h^(-1)时,甲醛转化率(XFA)达到100%;此外,在甲醛转化率为10%时,其稳态反应速率达到了8.18×10^(-2) mmol g^(-1) h^(-1).原位漫反射红外傅立叶变换光谱结果表明,在催化剂的作用下,甲醛分子经过二氧亚甲基和甲酸酯中间体的转化,最终被氧化为水和二氧化碳.进一步结合密度泛函理论模拟发现,1-CuMn^(2)O_(4)具有较高的催化氧化甲醛性能,可归因于甲醛分子更牢固地吸附在1-CuMn^(2)O_(4)表面,甲醛吸附所需的能量较低,以及最终产物从催化剂表面脱附所需的能量也较低的综合效应.本研究为在无光和室温条件下,高效去除空气中甲醛提供了新型高效、成本效益高且无需贵金属的催化剂,从而为室内空气净化提供了新的科学见解.

关键词：甲醛碱修饰锰酸铜尖晶石催化氧化室内空气