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Rice pollen-specific OsRALF17 and OsRALF19 are essential for pollen tube growth

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2023年第9期65卷 2218-2236页

作者： Eui‐Jung Kim Ji‐Hyun Kim woo‐Jong Hong Eun young Kim myung‐Hee Kim Su Kyoung Lee Cheol woo min Sun Tae Kim Soon Ki Park Ki‐Hong Jung yu‐Jin Kim Graduate School of Green Bio‐Science&Crop Biotech Institute Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 17104Republic of Korea Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry Life and Industry Convergence Research InstitutePusan National UniversityMiryang 50463Republic of Korea Department of Smart Farm Science Kyung Hee UniversityYongin 17104Republic of Korea School of Applied Biosciences Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Genomics Division Department of Agricultural Bio‐ResourcesNational Institute of Agricultural SciencesRural Development AdministrationJeonju 54874Republic of Korea Department of Plant Bioscience Pusan National UniversityMiryang 50463Republic of Korea Research Center for Plant Plasticity Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea

Pollen tube growth is essential for successful double fertilization, which is critical for grain yield in crop plants. Rapid alkalinization factors(RALFs) function as ligands for signal transduction during fertilization. However, functional studies on RALF in monocot plants are ***, we functionally characterized two pollen-specific RALFs in rice(Oryza sativa) using multiple clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9-induced loss-of-function mutants,peptide treatment, expression analyses, and tag reporter lines. Among the 41 RALF members in rice, OsRALF17 was specifically expressed at the highest level in pollen and pollen *** applied OsRALF17 or OsRALF19peptide inhibited pollen tube germination and elongation at high concentrations but enhanced tube elongation at low concentrations, indicating growth regulation. Double mutants of OsRALF17 and OsRALF19(ralf17/19) exhibited almost full male sterility with defects in pollen hydration, germination, and tube elongation,which was partially recovered by exogenous treatment with OsRALF17 peptide. This study revealed that two partially functionally redundant OsRALF17 and OsRALF19 bind to Oryza sativa male-gene transfer defective 2(OsmTD2) and transmit reactive oxygen species signals for pollen tube germination and integrity maintenance in rice. Transcriptomic analysis confirmed their common downstream genes, in osmtd2 and ralf17/19. This study provides new insights into the role of RALF, expanding our knowledge of the biological role of RALF in regulating rice fertilization.

关键词： CRISPR-Cas9 CrRLK1L monocot Oryza sativa pollen tube growth rapid alkalinization factor(RALF)

High-efficiency organic solar cells enabled by an alcohol-washable solid additive

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Science China Chemistry 2021年第12期64卷 2161-2168页

作者： yuanpeng Xie Hwa Sook Ryu Lili Han yunhao Cai Xiaopeng Duan Donghui Wei Han young woo yanming Sun School of Chemistry Beihang UniversityBeijing100191China Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and TechnologyKorea UniversitySeoul136-713Korea College of Chemistry and molecular Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China

The solvent additive strategy has been widely utilized to boost the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of organic solar cells(OSCs).However,the residual solvent additive in the active layer tends to induce a gradual morphology degradation and further influences the long-term stability of ***,a solid additive,1,4-diiodobenzene(DIB),was introduced to fabricate efficient *** found that the treatment of DIB can lead to optimized morphology to form a bicontinuous network with intensified intermolecular packing in the donor and acceptor ***,DIB can be easily removed from the active layer via a simple alcohol washing process and no further post-thermal annealing is needed,which is desirable for large-scale manufacturing of *** a result,high efficiencies of 17.47%for Pm6:y6 and 18.13%(certified as 17.7%)for Pm6:BTP-eC9 binary OSCs are achieved,which are among the highest efficiencies reported for binary OSCs thus ***,OSCs fabricated with DIB also exhibit superior stability compared with the as-cast and traditional solvent additive processed ***,DIB was successfully applied in different active layers,manifesting its general *** work provides a feasible approach to enhance both the efficiency and stability of OSCs.

关键词： organic solar cells solid additive alcohol washing process efficiency stability

metformin and metabolic diseases： a focus on hepatic aspects

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Frontiers of medicine 2015年第2期9卷 173-186页

作者： Juan Zheng Shih-Lung woo Xiang Hu Rachel Botchlett Lulu Chen yuqing Huo Chaodong Wu Department of Nutrition and Food Science Texas A &M University College Station TX 77843 USA Department of Endocrinology Union Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430022 China Drug Discovery Center Key Laboratory of Chemical Genomics Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen 518055 China

metformin has been widely used as a diabetes （T2D）. As a drug that primarily targets first-line anti-diabetic medicine for the treatment ot type Z the liver, metformin suppresses hepatic glucose production （HGP）, serving as the main mechanism by which metformin improves hyperglycemia of T2D. BiochemicaUy, metformin suppresses gluconeogenesis and stimulates glycolysis. metformin also inhibits glycogenolysis, which is a pathway that critically contributes to elevated HGP. While generating beneficial effects on hyperglycemia, metformin also improves insulin resistance and corrects dyslipidemia in patients with T2D. These beneficial effects of metformin implicate a role for metformin in managing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. As supported by the results from both human and animal studies, metformin improves hepatic steatosis and suppresses liver inflammation. mechanistically, the beneficial effects of metformin on hepatic aspects are mediated through both adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AmPK）-dependent and AmPK-independent pathways. In addition, metformin is generally safe and may also benefit patients with other chronic liver diseases.

关键词： metformin diabetes hepatic steatosis inflammatory response insulin resistance

Contemporary solutions for patients with microtia and congenital aural atresia-Hong Kong experience

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Journal of Otology 2016年第4期11卷 -页

作者： Willis S.S.Tsang michael C.F.Tong peter K.m.Ku Kunwar S.S.Bhatia Joannie K.y.yu Terence K.C.Wong C.Andrew van Hasselt Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Department of Imaging & Interventional Radiology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital

managing microtia patients is always a challenge. multidisciplinary approach, good family support, well established doctorepatient rela-tionship and well organised patient-support groups are the essential elements for success. With the advancement of implantable hearing devices, more options will be available for the microtia patients. Otologists play a leading role in the whole management process. They not only provide proper guidance to the patients in choosing the correct path of the treatment, but also play a key role in organising and maintaining a cost-effective multidisciplinary rehabilitation team for the microtia patients.

关键词： microtia Congenital aural atresia Implantable hearing aids Bone conduction

A positron source using an axially oriented crystal associated to a granular amorphous converter

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Chinese Physics C 2012年第9期36卷 871-878页

作者：徐成海 Robert Chehab peter Sievers Xavier Artru michel Chevallier Olivier Dadoun 裴国玺 Vladimir m.Strakhovenko Alessandro Variola Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire IN2P3/CNRS et Université de Paris-SudBP 34-91898Orsay cedexFrance Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon IN2P3/CNRS et Université Lyon 169622 VilleurbanneFrance CERN CH-1211Genéve 23Switzerland Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Av.Lavrentyeva11630090 NovosibirskRussia

A non-conventional positron source using the intense y radiation from an axially oriented monocrys- tal which materializes into e^＋e^- pairs in a granular amorphous converter is described. The enhancement of photon radiation by multi-GeV electrons crossing a tungsten crystal along its 〈111〉 axis is reported. The resulting enhancement of pair production in an amorphous converter placed 2 meters downstream, is also re- ported. Sweeping off the charged particles from the crystal by a bending magnet upstream of the converter allows a significant reduction of the deposited energy density. Substituting a granular target made of small spheres for the usual compact one, makes the energy dissipation easier. The deposited energy and correspond- ing heating are analyzed and solutions for cooling are proposed. The configurations studied here for this kind of positron source allow its consideration for unpolarized positrons for the ILC.

关键词： channeling effect crystal positron source ILC

A six-year descriptive epidemiological study of human coronavirus infections in hospitalized patients in Hong Kong

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Virologica Sinica 2016年第1期31卷 41-48页

作者： Cyril C.y.yip Carol S.F.Lam Hayes K.H.Luk Emily y.m.Wong Rodney A.Lee Lok-yee So Kwok-Hung Chan Vincent C.C.Cheng Kwok-yung yuen Patrick C.y.woo Susanna K.P.Lau Department of microbiology The University of Hong Kong Department of microbiology Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent medicine Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital Research Centre of Infection and Immunology The University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases The University of Hong Kong

We conducted a six-year epidemiological study on human coronaviruses（HCoVs） circulating in Hong Kong, using 8275 nasopharyngeal samples from patients with acute respiratory tract infections. HCoVs were detected in 77（0.93%） of the samples by a pan-HCoV RT-PCR assay. The most frequently detected HCoV species was HCoV-OC43（0.58%）, followed by HCoV-229E（0.15%）,HCoV-HKU1（0.13%） and HCoV-NL63（0.07%）. HCoVs were detected throughout the study period（September 2008–August 2014）, with the highest detection rate from September 2010 to August2011（22/1500, 1.47%）. Different seasonal patterns of each HCoV species in Hong Kong were ***-OC43 was predominant in the fall and winter, whereas HCoV-HKU1 showed peak activity in winter, with a few cases occurred in spring and summer. HCoV-229 E mainly occurred in winter and spring, while HCoV-NL63 was predominant in summer and autumn. HCoVs most commonly infect the elderly and young children, with median age of 79.5 years（range, 22 days to 95 years）.Intriguingly, the detection rate of HCoV-OC43 in the age group of ＆gt; 80 years（26/2380, 1.09%） was significantly higher than that in the age group of 0–10 years（12/2529, 0.47%）（P 〈 0.05）. These data provides new insight into the epidemiology of coronaviruses.

关键词： epidemiology human coronaviruses respiratory tract infections

Laser trimming of the operating wavelength of silicon nitride racetrack resonators

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Photonics Research 2020年第5期8卷 677-683页

作者： GRETA DE PAOLI SENTA L.JANTZEN THALIA DOmINGUEZ BUCIO ILIAS SKANDALOS CHRISTOPHER HOLmES peter G.R.SmITH mILAN m.mILOSEVIC FREDERIC y.GARDES Department of Information Engineering Universitàdegli Studi di PadovaVia Giovanni Gradenigo 635131 PadovaItaly Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton S0171BJUK

We demonstrate the possibility of post-fabrication trimming of the response of nitrogen-rich silicon nitride racetrack resonators by using an ultraviolet *** results revealed the possibility to efficiently tune the operating wavelength of fabricated racetrack resonators to any point within the full free spectral *** process is much faster than similar,previously presented methods(in the order of seconds,compared to hours).This technique can also be applied to accurately trim the optical performance of any other silicon photonic device based on nitrogen-rich silicon nitride.

关键词： trimming track faster

Individual effect of y and Nd on the microstructure formation of mg-y-Nd alloys processed by severe plastic deformation and their effect on the subsequent mechanical and corrosion properties

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Journal of magnesium and Alloys 2023年第2期11卷 509-521页

作者： maria Zemkova peter minarik Jan Dittrich Jan Bohlen Robert Kral Charles University Department of Physics of MaterialsKe Karlovu 512116PragueCzechia University of Zilina Research CentreUniverzitna8215/1Zilina01026Slovakia Institute of material and Process Design Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon21502GeesthachtGermany

This work investigated the effect of sole yttrium and neodymium alloying on the microstructure formation during severe plastic deformation by equal channel angular pressing(ECAP) and an impact on the mechanical strength and corrosion resistance of binary mg-3y and mg-3Nd *** results are compared with a ternary mg-4y-3Nd alloy,which represents a simplified version of the commercially successful WE43 *** extensive study comprises a thorough microstructural analysis performed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy,including electron backscatter diffraction and texture analysis performed by X-ray *** is shown that the presence of Nd primarily caused precipitation during the processing of the mg-3Nd alloy,while y remained dissolved in the magnesium matrix in the mg-3y *** difference resulted in a significantly smaller average grain size in the mg-3y alloy(~0.77 nm) than in the mg-3Nd alloy(~1.3 μm) after the final step of the processing and formation of a slightly different ***,the composition and the processing affected the mechanical and corrosion properties of the investigated materials,measured by compression deformation tests,microhardness measurement,and electrochemical impedance *** study shows that the ECAP-processed W3 sample exhibits a surprisingly good combination of ultrafine-grain structure,weak crystallographic texture,high strength,and high corrosion resistance compared with the other investigated *** attributes make this material very interesting for utilisation in the industry and/or medicine.

关键词： magnesium Rare earth elements microstructure Texture mechanical strength Corrosion

Forest structure and carbon dynamics of an intact lowland mixed dipterocarp forest in Brunei Darussalam

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Journal of Forestry Research 2018年第1期29卷 199-203页

作者： Sohye Lee Jongyeol Lee Seongjun Kim yujin Roh Kamariah Abu Salim woo-Kyun Lee yowhan Son Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering Graduate School Korea University Environmental and Life Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Brunei Darussalam Department of Biological of Environmental Sciences Qatar University

Tropical forests play a critical role in mitigating climate change because they account for large amount o terrestrial carbon storage and ***,there are many uncertainties associated with the estimation o carbon *** estimated forest structure and carbon dynamics along a slope（17.3°–42.8°）and to assess the relations between forest structures,carbon dynamics,and slopes in an intact lowland mixed dipterocarp forest,in Kuala Belalong,Brunei *** biomass,basa area,stand density,crown properties,and tree family composition were measured for forest *** rate,litter production,and litter decomposition rates were also measured for carbon *** crown form index and the crown position index were used to assess crown properties,which we categorized into five stages,from very poor to *** living biomass,basal area and stand density were 261.5–940.7 mg ha-1,43.6–63.6 m2ha-1and 6,675–8400 tree ha-1,*** average crown form and position index were 4,which means that the crown are mostly symmetrical and sufficiently exposed for *** mean biomass growth rate,litter production,litter decomposition rate were estimated as11.9,11.6 mg ha-1a-1,and 7.2 g a-1,*** growth rate was significantly correlated with living biomass,basal area,and crown *** form appeared to strongly influence living biomass,basal area and biomass growth rate in terms of light ***,basal area,stand density,crown properties,and biomass growth rate did not vary by slope or tree family *** results indicate that carbon accumulation by tree growth in an intact lowland mixed dipterocarp forest depends on crown *** of any effect of tree family composition on carbon accumulation suggests that the main driver of biomass accumulation in old-growth forests of Borneo is not species-specific characteristics of tree species.

关键词： Carbon dynamics Growth rate Litter flux Lowland mixed dipterocarp forest Slope