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Molecular identification of the key starch branching enzyme-encoding gene SBE2.3 and its interacting transcription factors in banana fruits

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 1354-1368页

作者： Hongxia Miao peiguang sun Qing Liu Juhua Liu Caihong Jia Dongfang Zhao Biyu Xu Zhiqiang Jin Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology Ministry of AgricultureInstitute of Tropical Bioscience and BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences571101 HaikouPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Bananas Haikou Experimental StationChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences571101 HaikouHainan ProvincePeople’s Republic of China Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Agriculture and Food CanberraACT 2601Australia College of Horticulture Nanjing Agricultural University210095 NanjingPeople’s Republic of China

Starch branching enzyme(SBE)has rarely been studied in common starchy banana *** the first time,we report here the molecular characterization of seven SBE(MaSBE)and six SBE(MbSBE)genes in the banana A-and B-genomes,respectively,which could be classified into three distinct subfamilies according to genome-wide *** transcriptomic analysis revealed that six MaSBEs and six MbSBEs were expressed in the developing banana fruits of two different genotypes,BaXi Jiao(BX,AAA)and Fen Jiao(FJ,AAB),among which MaSBE2.3 and MbSBE2.3 were highly *** silencing of MaSBE2.3 expression in banana fruit discs led to a significant decrease in its transcription,which coincides with significant reductions in total starch and amylopectin contents compared to those of empty vector *** suggested functional role of MaSBE2.3 in banana fruit development was corroborated by its transient overexpression in banana fruit discs,which led to significant enhancements in total starch and amylopectin contents.A number of transcription factors,including three auxin response factors(ARF2/12/24)and two MYBs(MYB3/308),that interact with the MaSBE2.3 promoter were identified by yeast one-hybrid library *** these ARFs and MYBs,MaARF2/MaMYB308 and MaARF12/MaARF24/MaMYB3 were demonstrated via a luciferase reporter system to upregulate and downregulate the expression of MaSBE2.3,respectively.

关键词： branching starch fruits

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Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the β-amylase genes strongly associated with fruit development,ripening, and abiotic stress response in two banana cultivars

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2016年第4期3卷 346-356页

作者： Hongxia MIAO peiguang sun Yulu MIAO Juhua LIU Jianbin ZHANG Caihong JIA Jingyi WANG Zhuo WANG Zhiqiang JIN Biyu XU Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology Ministry of Agriculture Institute of Tropical Bioscience and BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Bananas Hainan Province Haikou Experimental StationChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Department of Agriculture Hainan University

β-amylase(BAM) is an important enzyme involved in conversion of starch to maltose in multiple biological processes in plants. However, there is currently insufficient information on the BAM gene family in the important fruit crop banana. This study identified 16 BAM genes in the banana genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Ma BAMs were classified into four subfamilies. Most Ma BAMs in each subfamily shared similar gene structures. Conserved motif analysis showed that all identified Ma BAM proteins had the typical glyco hydro14 domains. Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of two banana genotypes revealed the expression patterns of Ma BAMs in different tissues, at various stages of fruit development and ripening, and in responses to abiotic stresses. Most Ma BAMs showed strong transcript accumulation changes during fruit development and late-stage ripening. Some Ma BAMs showed significant changes under cold, salt, and osmotic stresses. This finding indicated that Ma BAMs might be involved in regulating fruit development, ripening, and responses to abiotic stress. Analysis of five hormone-related and seven stressrelevant elements in the promoters of Ma BAMs further revealed that BAMs participated in various biological processes. This systemic analysis provides new insights into the transcriptional characteristics of the BAM genes in banana and may serve as a basis for further functional studies of such genes.

关键词： β-amylase banana genome-wide identification fruit development abiotic stress

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Efficient regeneration system applicable to five Musa cultivars

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2016年第4期3卷 330-334页

作者： Juhua LIU peiguang sun Jing ZHANG Jiashui WANG Jianbin ZHANG Jingyi WANG Caihong JIA Pengzhao GAO Biyu XU Zhiqiang JIN Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Tropical Bioscience and BiotechnologyChinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences Haikou Experimental Station Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

Banana(Musa spp.) is an important staple food, economic crop, and nutritional fruit *** is seriously hampered by the long generation time, polyploidy, and sterility of most *** of an efficient regeneration and transformation system for banana is critical for their genetic improvement. An efficient and reproducible transformation system for banana using direct organogenesis was developed. Media containing benzylaminopurine(BA)combined with one of four other growth regulators was evaluated for the regeneration efficiency of five Musa cultivars and the ability to induce/support development of new banana shoots. The result indicated that the greatest number of shoots per explant for all five Musa cultivars was obtained using MS medium supplemented with8.9 mmol$L–1BA and 9.1 mmol$L–1thidiazuron(TDZ).In 240–270 d, one immature male flower could regenerate between 380 and 456, 310–372, 200–240, 130–156, and100–130 well-developed shoots for Gongjiao, Red banana, Rose banana, Baxi, and Xinglongnaijiao, respectively. Such a system will facilitate molecular breeding and functional genomics of banana.

关键词： banana(Musa spp) system regeneration

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火龙果多倍体诱导体系的优化

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果树学报 2020年第7期37卷 1089-1097页

作者：程志号孙长君孙佩光郭素霞吴琼中国热带农业科学院海口实验站海口570102 海南省香蕉遗传改良重点实验室海口570102

【目的】探讨适宜的火龙果多倍体诱导技术体系,以期解决火龙果品种单一、遗传相对狭窄的问题。【方法】以2个主栽的火龙果品种‘大红’和‘白水晶’为材料,通过秋水仙素浸渍法和混培法进行多倍体的诱导,比较不同秋水仙素浓度和处理时间... 详细信息

【目的】探讨适宜的火龙果多倍体诱导技术体系,以期解决火龙果品种单一、遗传相对狭窄的问题。【方法】以2个主栽的火龙果品种‘大红’和‘白水晶’为材料,通过秋水仙素浸渍法和混培法进行多倍体的诱导,比较不同秋水仙素浓度和处理时间的组合后代变异率和死亡率。【结果】随着秋水仙素浓度升高和处理时间的延长,诱导率和死亡率增加;5 g·L^-1秋水仙素浸渍萌动种子24~48 h和50 mg·L^-1秋水仙素在培养基中与无菌苗共培养3~5 d多倍体诱导效率较高且死亡率适中,混培法30 d表型变异率高于浸渍法,死亡率低于浸渍法。变异株气孔密度和气孔长度分别为对照的81%和115%,变异株染色体数目包括2n=2X=22,2n=4X=44,2n=6X=66等几种不同类型,此外还存在非整倍体。流式细胞仪检测结果发现:5 g·L^-1秋水仙素浸渍萌动种子24 h多倍体和同源四倍体诱导效率最高;50 mg·L^-1秋水仙素在培养基中与无菌苗共培养5 d多倍体和同源四倍体诱导效率最高,混培法多倍体和同源四倍体诱导效率高于浸渍法。【结论】50 mg·L^-1秋水仙素与无菌苗混培养5 d能提高火龙果多倍体诱导效率,火龙果混培法多倍体和同源四倍体诱导效率高于浸渍法,无菌苗与50 mg·L^-1秋水仙素混培5 d是火龙果多倍体诱导的最佳组合,本实验为火龙果多倍体新种质创建奠定了技术基础。

关键词：火龙果秋水仙素多倍体诱导

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基于多路混合注意力机制的水下图像增强网络

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电子与信息学报 2024年第1期46卷 118-128页

作者：李云孙山林黄晴井佩光广西财经学院大数据与人工智能学院南宁530003 桂林电子科技大学信息与通信学院桂林541000 桂林航天工业学院电子信息与自动化学院桂林541000 天津大学电气自动化与信息工程学院天津300072

光线在水下被吸收或者散射使得水下图像成像出现色偏、模糊遮挡等问题,影响水下视觉任务。传统的图像增强方法分别采用直方图均衡、伽马矫正和白平衡方法较好地增强水下图像。然而,3种方法融合增强水下图像的互补性和相关性方面的研究... 详细信息

光线在水下被吸收或者散射使得水下图像成像出现色偏、模糊遮挡等问题,影响水下视觉任务。传统的图像增强方法分别采用直方图均衡、伽马矫正和白平衡方法较好地增强水下图像。然而,3种方法融合增强水下图像的互补性和相关性方面的研究较少。因此,该文提出一种基于多路混合注意力机制的水下图像增强网络。首先,提出多路特征提取模块,对图像进行直方图均衡支路、伽马矫正支路和白平衡支路的多路特征提取,提取图像的对比度、亮度和颜色特征;然后,融合直方图均衡、伽马矫正和白平衡3支路特征,增强3支路特征融合的互补性;最后,设计混合注意力学习模块,深度挖掘3支路在对比度、亮度和颜色的相关性矩阵,并引入跳跃连接增强图像输出。在多个数据集上的实验结果表明,该方法能够有效恢复水下图像色偏、模糊遮挡和提高图像明亮度。

关键词：水下图像增强深度学习注意力机制跳跃连接

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Divergent responses of runoff to climate change in the upper basins of the Third Pole dominated by westerlies and monsoon

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2592-2614页

作者： Qikai sun Fengge SU He sun State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101China

The diverse climates,distribution of snow and glaciers,and geographic locations directly affect the runoff response to climate change in the upper basins of the Third *** present,a comprehensive analysis of runoff variations and their distinct responses to climate change in the westerlies-and monsoon-dominated upper basins is still *** study comprehensively analyzed annual runoff variations in westerlies-dominated basins(the upper basins of the Aksu(UAKS),Syr Darya(USRD),Yarkant(UYK),Hotan(UHT),Amu Darya(UAMD),and Indus(UI))and monsoon-dominated basins(the upper basins of the Yangtze(UYA),Yellow(UYE),Lancang(ULC),Nujiang(UNJ),and Yarlung Zangbo(UYZ))of the Third Pole from 1961 *** multi-source meteorological data and large-scale circulation factors,this study investigated the divergent responses of runoff in the upper basins to climate change,and explored the large-scale circulation mechanisms underlying runoff variations in these upper *** results showed that:(1)The annual runoff in the majority of upper basins(except for the UYE and UYZ)exhibited an increasing trend,and the annual runoff in the UAKS,UYK,and UI showed a significant increasing trend from1961 to *** annual runoff in the upper basins of the Third Pole changed abruptly from decreasing to increasing between the 1980s and 2000s,with the exception of the UYE.(2)The runoff in the monsoon-dominated upper basins has been controlled primarily by changes in precipitation over the past 55 *** contrast,the runoff in the westerlies-dominated upper basins exhibited three distinct long-term responses to climate change:temperature-dominated(UYK and UHT),precipitation-dominated(USRD and UAMD),and the combined influence of precipitation and temperature(UAKS and UI).Since the 1960s,the sensitivity of runoff to warm season temperature changes in the most westerlies-dominated upper basins has decreased,while the response of runoff to precipitation changes has intensified.(3)The stud

关键词： Upper basins of the Third Pole Climate change Westerlies and monsoon Runoff variations Large-scale circulation factors

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New perspectives on deep carbon cycling

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2411-2422页

作者： Weidong sun Center of Deep Sea Research Key Laboratory of Ocean Observation and ForecastingInstitute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao 266237China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The proto-atmosphere serves as a crucial starting point for the carbon *** based on atmospheric data from Mars and Venus suggest that Earth's proto-atmosphere contained>110 bar of CO_(2)and>2.6 bar of *** protoatmosphere had over 1000 bar of water vapor during the magma ocean stage,assuming the proto-ocean had a volume of two oceans of *** this stage both water and carbon dioxide were in a supercritical state at the magma-atmosphere *** serpentinization reactions occurred due to rock-water interaction,producing abundant ***,nitrogen is reduced to ammonia,and carbon dioxide to methane,forming carbonate *** proto-atmosphere dominated by methane,ammonia,and hydrogen formed a significant amount of amino acids through *** process is essential not only to the origin of life,but also to the early carbon-nitrogen cycle on *** the Hadean eon,a large amount of CO_(2)was sequestered as carbonate and organic ***,it mainly entered the deep mantle through mantle overturn or *** the mantle transition zone,carbonate undergoes“Redox freezing”,where carbonate is reduced to diamond through oxidation of ferrous iron in the *** the lower mantle,Fe^(2+)undergoes disproportionation reactions,forming Fe^(3+)and metallic *** these,Fe^(3+)mainly resides in bridgmanite,thereby increasing the oxygen fugacity of the lower mantle,while metallic iron falls to the Earth's *** distribution of carbon in the mantle is crucial for deep carbon *** density curves of diamond and mantle peridotite melt intersect at the bottom of the mantle transition zone(about 660 km).This density crossover leads to the accumulation of diamond during the magma ocean *** materials such as subducting slabs enter the lower mantle,compensatory upwelling of lower mantle material *** enters the upper mantle,decomposes,releasing Fe^(3+)ions and oxidizes diamond

关键词： Carbon cycling Proto-atmosphere Amino acids Subduction initiation Passive margin subduction Atmospheric carbon dioxide

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Fossil Equidae in the Linxia Basin with Biostratigraphic and Paleozoogeographic Significance

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2024年第1期98卷 1-9页

作者： sun Boyang Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China

The Linxia Basin is characterized by an abundance of Cenozoic sediments,that contain exceptionally rich fossil *** are abundant in the Linxia Basin,the fossil record of equids in this region including 16 species that represent 10 *** comparison to other classic late Cenozoic areas in China,the Linxia Basin stands out,because the fauna and chronological data accompanying Linxia equids render them remarkably useful for *** anchitheriines in the region,such as Anchitherium and Sinohippus,represent early equids that appeared in the late stages of the middle and late Miocene,*** the equines,most species of Chinese hipparions have been identified in the Linxia Basin and some species of the genera Hipparion and Hippotherium have FAD records for ***,Equus eisenmannae is one of the earliest known species of Equus in the Old World and is well-represented at the Longdan *** species with precise geohistorical distributions can serve as standards for high-resolution chronological units within this *** at the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and subject to considerable uplift,the Linxia Basin has served as a biogeographic transition area for equids throughout the late Cenozoic.

关键词： Equidae Cenozoic biostratigraphy paleozoogeography Linxia Basin

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Achieving simultaneously high conversion and high selectivity for light olefins directly producing from syngas

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 753-754页

作者： Yuhan sun Shanxi Research Institute Huairou Research LaboratoryTaiyuan 030032China Institute of Carbon Neutrality ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

The activity and selectivity are two primary indexes of a successful catalyst for chemical reactions. However,achieving a high activity and a high selectivity simultaneously is a long-standing challenge in catalysis, the socalled activity-selectivity trade-off. In the article recently published in Science, a research team led by Prof.

关键词： selectivity simultaneous catalysis

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ONE-PARAMETER FINITE DIFFERENCE METHODS AND THEIR ACCELERATED SCHEMES FOR SPACE-FRACTIONAL SINE-GORDON EQUATIONS WITH DISTRIBUTED DELAY

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2024年第3期42卷 705-734页

作者： Tao sun Chengjian Zhang Haiwei sun School of Mathematics and Statistics Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Hubei Key Laboratory of Engineering Modeling and Scientific Computing Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Department of Mathematics University of MacaoMacaoChina

This paper deals with numerical methods for solving one-dimensional(1D)and twodimensional(2D)initial-boundary value problems(IBVPs)of space-fractional sine-Gordon equations(SGEs)with distributed *** 1D problems,we construct a kind of oneparameter finite difference(OPFD)*** is shown that,under a suitable condition,the proposed method is convergent with second order accuracy both in time and *** implementation,the preconditioned conjugate gradient(PCG)method with the Strang circulant preconditioner is carried out to improve the computational efficiency of the OPFD *** 2D problems,we develop another kind of OPFD *** such a method,two classes of accelerated schemes are suggested,one is alternative direction implicit(ADI)scheme and the other is ADI-PCG *** particular,we prove that ADI scheme can arrive at second-order accuracy in time and *** some numerical experiments,the computational effectiveness and accuracy of the methods are further ***,for the suggested methods,a numerical comparison in computational efficiency is presented.

关键词： Fractional sine-Gordon equation with distributed delay One-parameter finite difference methods Convergence analysis ADI scheme PCG method

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