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Romance of the three domains:how cladistics transformed the classifi cation of cellular organisms

Protein & cell 2013年第9期4卷 664-676页

作者： chi-chun Ho Susanna K.P.Lau patrick c.y.woo Department of Microbiology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Research centre of Infection and Immunology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina carol yu centre of Infection The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

cladistics is a biological philosophy that uses genealogi-cal relationship among species and an inferred sequence of divergence as the basis of classifi *** review critically surveys the chronological development of bio-logical classification from Aristotle through our post-genomic era with a central focus on *** 1957,Julian Huxley coined cladogenesis to denote splitting from *** 1960,the English translation of Willi Hennig’s 1950 work,Systematic Phylogenetics,was published,which received strong opposition from phenet-icists,such as numerical taxonomists Peter Sneath and Robert Sokal,and evolutionary taxonomist,Ernst Mayr,and sparked acrimonious debates in *** 1977-1990,carl Woese pioneered in using small subunit rRNA gene sequences to delimitate the three domains of cellu-lar life and established major prokaryotic *** has since dominated *** being compatible with modern microbiological observations,*** with unusual phenotypes,restricted expression of charac-teristics and occasionally being uncultivable,increasing recognition of pervasiveness and abundance of horizon-tal gene transfer has challenged relevance and validity of *** mosaic nature of eukaryotic and prokary-otic genomes was also gradually *** the mid-2000s,high-throughput and whole-genome sequencing became routine and complex geneologies of organisms have led to the proposal of a reticulated web of *** genomics only indirectly leads to understanding of func-tional adaptations to ecological niches,computational modeling of entire organisms is underway and the gap between genomics and phenetics may soon be *** are not expected to settle as taxonomic classifi cations shall remain subjective to serve the human scientist,not the classifi ed.

关键词： cladistics phenetics phylogeny classifi ca-tion evolution

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Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in bacterial proteomics

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Protein & cell 2012年第5期3卷 346-363页

作者： Shirly O.T.curreem Rory M.Watt Susanna K.P.Lau patrick c.y.woo Department of Microbiology The University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Oral Biosciences Faculty of DentistryThe University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases Department of MicrobiologyThe University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina Research centre of Infection and Immunology The University of Hong KongQueen Mary HospitalHong KongChina carol yu centre of Infection The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE)is a gel-based technique widely used for analyzing the pro-tein composition of biological *** is capable of resolving complex mixtures containing more than a thousand protein components into individual protein spots through the coupling of two orthogonal bio-physical separation techniques:isoelectric focusing(first dimension)and polyacrylamide gel electrophore-sis(second dimension).2-DE is ideally suited for ana-lyzing the entire expressed protein complement of a bacterial cell:its *** relative simplicity and good reproducibility have led to 2-DE being widely used for exploring proteomics within a wide range of envi-ronmental and medically-relevant *** we give a broad overview of the basic principles and his-torical development of gel-based proteomics,and how this powerful approach can be applied for studying bacterial biology and *** highlight specific 2-DE applications that can be used to analyze when,where and how much proteins are *** links between proteomics,genomics and mass spectrometry are *** explore how proteomics involving tandem mass spectrometry can be used to analyze(post-translational)protein modifications or to identify proteins of unknown origin by de novo peptide *** use of proteome fractionation tech-niques and non-gel-based proteomic approaches are also *** highlight how the analysis of pro-teins secreted by bacterial cells(secretomes or exo-proteomes)can be used to study infection processes or the immune *** review is aimed at non-specialists who wish to gain a concise,compre-hensive and contemporary overview of the nature and applications of bacterial proteomics.

关键词： two-dimensional gel electrophoresis bacte-ria proteomics

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Severe Sepsis caused by Listeria monocytogenes in A Patient Given Monoclonal Antibodies Against cD38 and Proteosome Inhibitor

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2019年第1期1卷 30-31页

作者： Derek L.L.Hung Susanna K.P.Lau patrick c.y.woo Department of Microbiology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases The University of Hong KongHong KongChina collaborative Innovation center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Introduction Target therapies are widely used for treatment of various kinds of hematological *** the cancer cells that are targeted,share the same markers with the non-cancerous cells of the immunological system,these therapies are often associated with infectious diseases that require the particular type of immune response for *** this article,we report a case of Listeria monocytogenes bacteraemia complicating carfilzomib and daratumumab treatment for multiple *** the best of our knowledge,this is the first case report of listeriosis as a complication of monoclonal antibodies against cD38 and/or proteosome inhibitor therapy.

关键词： listeria multiple myeloma daratumumab carfilzomib

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Lemierre’s Syndrome Associated With campylobacter rectus Bacteremia

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2019年第1期1卷 27-29页

作者： Derek L.L.Hung Jade L.L.Teng Susanna K.P.Lau patrick c.y.woo Department of Microbiology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases The University of Hong KongHong KongChina carol yu centre for Infection The University of Hong KongHong KongChina collaborative Innovation center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Introduction campylobacter rectus is a Gram-negative,anaerobic rod,first described in 1981 as Wolinella recta,subsequently re-classified to campylobacter based on phylogenetic analysis in 1991.1 It is found in the oral cavity and gastrointestinal tract,and is mainly implicated in oral and periodontal *** far,there are only a handful of case reports in the literature describing extra-oral invasive *** infections.2–6 Recently,we described a case of fatal *** infection,due to subdural empyema and ruptured mycotic intracranial aneurysm.2 In this article,we report a case of Lemierre’s syndrome associated with *** bacteremia.

关键词： Lemierre’s syndrome campylobacter rectus bacteremia

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A six-year descriptive epidemiological study of human coronavirus infections in hospitalized patients in Hong Kong

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Virologica Sinica 2016年第1期31卷 41-48页

作者： cyril c.y.yip carol S.F.Lam Hayes K.H.Luk Emily y.M.Wong Rodney A.Lee Lok-yee So Kwok-Hung chan Vincent c.c.cheng Kwok-yung yuen patrick c.y.woo Susanna K.P.Lau Department of Microbiology The University of Hong Kong Department of Microbiology Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital Research centre of Infection and Immunology The University of Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases The University of Hong Kong

We conducted a six-year epidemiological study on human coronaviruses（HcoVs） circulating in Hong Kong, using 8275 nasopharyngeal samples from patients with acute respiratory tract infections. HcoVs were detected in 77（0.93%） of the samples by a pan-HcoV RT-PcR assay. The most frequently detected HcoV species was HcoV-Oc43（0.58%）, followed by HcoV-229E（0.15%）,HcoV-HKU1（0.13%） and HcoV-NL63（0.07%）. HcoVs were detected throughout the study period（September 2008–August 2014）, with the highest detection rate from September 2010 to August2011（22/1500, 1.47%）. Different seasonal patterns of each HcoV species in Hong Kong were ***-Oc43 was predominant in the fall and winter, whereas HcoV-HKU1 showed peak activity in winter, with a few cases occurred in spring and summer. HcoV-229 E mainly occurred in winter and spring, while HcoV-NL63 was predominant in summer and autumn. HcoVs most commonly infect the elderly and young children, with median age of 79.5 years（range, 22 days to 95 years）.Intriguingly, the detection rate of HcoV-Oc43 in the age group of ＆gt; 80 years（26/2380, 1.09%） was significantly higher than that in the age group of 0–10 years（12/2529, 0.47%）（P 〈 0.05）. These data provides new insight into the epidemiology of coronaviruses.

关键词： epidemiology human coronaviruses respiratory tract infections

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Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Diagnosis of Bacteremic Listeria monocytogenes Meningitis in a Patient with Anti-Interferon Gamma Autoantibodies:A case Report

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2022年第1期4卷 44-46页

作者： Fanfan Xing Derek L.L.Hung Simon K.F.Lo Shuang chen Susanna K.P.Lau patrick c.y.woo Department of clinical Microbiology and Infection control The University of Hong Kong–Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenGuangdongChina Department of Microbiology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Pathology The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen HospitalShenzhenGuangdongChina

Although various opportunistic infections have been described in patients with anti-interferon gamma autoantibodies,so far there is no Listeria monocytogenes infection reported to be associated with this primary ***,we describe the first case of bacteremic *** meningitis in a 59-year-old chinese man with anti-interferon gamma autoantibodies,who presented with acute onset of fever and severe *** culture was positive but culture of the cerebrospinal fluid was negative,although it showed features suggestive of partially treated bacterial *** presence of *** in the cerebrospinal fluid was confirmed by next-generation *** of high-risk food items in these patients is important for the prevention of *** use of antibiotic regimens that cover Listeria is crucial for empirical treatment,particularly if such patients develop acute or subacute ***-generation sequencing is becoming an important diagnostic modality for culture-negative infections.

关键词： Listeria monocytogenes meningitis anti-interferon gamma autoantibody next-generation sequencing

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Streptococcus agalactiae Anterior cervical Space and Superior Mediastinum Abscess in a Liver Transplant Recipient

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2019年第2期1卷 75-77页

作者： Derek L.L.Hung Man-Fai Leung Jade L.L.Teng Herman Tse Susanna K.P.Lau patrick c.y.woo Department of Microbiology The University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases The University of Hong KongHong KongChina carol yu centre for Infection The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Public Health Laboratory Services Branch Centre for Health ProtectionHong Kong Department of HealthThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina collaborative Innovation center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Introduction Streptococcus agalactiae is most commonly associated with pregnancy-related infections,neonatal sepsis,and infections in patients with immunocompromised states,such as diabetes mellitus and malignancies.1 Although abscesses caused by *** are sometimes encountered in immunocompromised patients,*** abscess in transplant recipients is extremely *** abscesses have never been reported in liver transplant *** this article,we report a case of *** abscess in the anterior cervical space extending to the superior mediastinum in a liver transplant recipient.

关键词： Streptococcus agalactiae liver transplant abscess

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First Report of Tsukamurella conjunctivitidis cAPD-related Peritonitis

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2020年第3期2卷 121-123页

作者： Jade L.L.Teng Kenny M.N.Fok Jordan y.H.Fong Tak-Lun Que Susanna K.P.Lau patrick c.y.woo Department of Microbiology Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases The University of Hong KongHong KongChina carol yu centre for Infection The University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Pathology Tuen Mun HospitalHong KongChina collaborative Innovation center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases The University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Introduction Using the information obtained from analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences,Tsukamurella was first proposed as a genus in 1988,1 despite the fact that the first strain of this group of bacteria was described in 1941,2 and the first human isolate was reported in 1971.3 Similar to related genera of the order corynebacteriales,such as Nocardia,Rhodococcus,and Gordonia,members of Tsukamurella are Gram-positive,aerobic,catalase-positive,and partially acid-fast as a result of the presence of mycolic acid in the cell *** to their similar phenotypic properties,differentiation of these genera and speciation within these genera is difficult in most clinical microbiology laboratories.

关键词： Tsukamurella conjunctivitidis peritonitis continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis(cAPD)

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Sex Bias in Sample collections From Bats,the culprit of SARS coronavirus,SARS-coronavirus-2,and Other Emerging Viruses

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2020年第4期2卷 173-174页

作者： Susanna K.P.Lau Zirong He Ken P.K.Lin patrick c.y.woo Department of Microbiology Li Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases The University of Hong KongHong Kong collaborative Innovation centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases The University of Hong KongHong Kong

chiroptera is the second largest mammalian order in terms of species *** far,there are more than 1400 known bat species across the six continents,making up 20%of the total number of mammalian species.1 Bats are well recognized to be the hosts of a number of highly pathogenic viruses,such as rabies virus,Hendra virus,Nipah virus,and Ebola virus,for a long time.2–5 Shortly after the severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)epidemic which originated from Southern china in 2003,we discovered that bats were the ultimate reservoir of SARSrelated coronavirus(SARSr-coV).6 In 2012,the cause of the even more fatal Middle East respiratory syndrome(MERS)which originated from the Middle East was also found to be another coV,MERS-coV.7 The ancestor of MERS-coV was also from bats.8,9 Recently,the cOVID-19 outbreak that has already officially infected more than 13 million patients with more than 574000 deaths was also confirmed to be due to another betacoronavirus,named SARS coronavirus 2(SARS-coV-2),from bats.10 Moreover,bat cell lines have also been harvested and propagated for the study of SARS-coV,MERS-coV,and SARS-coV-2.

关键词： bat sex bias sample

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Impact of multifocal gas-permeable lens designs on short-term choroidal response, axial length, and retinal defocus profile

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第2期17卷 247-256页

作者： Muteb Alanazi patrick caroline Amane Alshamrani Maria Liu Optometry Department College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 14813Saudi Arabia college of Optometry Pacific UniversityForest GroveOregon 97116-1756United States Optometry School University of California at BerkeleyCalifornia 94720United States

AIM:To investigate the impact of multifocal gas permeable contact lens(MFGPcL)in various add power and distance/near area allocation on short-term changes of choroidal thickness(chT),axial length(AL),and retinal defocus profile in young ***:Seventeen young adults(2 males and 15 females;age 23.17±4.48y)were randomly assigned to wear two designs binocularly with a one-week washout period in *** of four MFGPcL designs were *** designs were distance-center that varied in two add power(+1.50 and 3.00 D)and/or two distance zone(DZ)diameters(1.50 and 3.00 mm;design A:DZ 1.5/add 3.0,B:DZ 1.5/add 1.5,c:DZ 3.0/add 3.0,D:DZ 3.0/add 1.5).chT,AL,and peripheral refraction data were collected on each subject at baseline,on days 1 and 7 of MFGPcL daily *** was assessed in four quadrants using a spectraldomain optical coherence ***:AL was shortened by-26±44μm with lens c,-18±27μm with lens D,-13±29μm with lens A,and-8±30μm with lens B(all Pcant overall increase in chT was observed with all 4 designs(lens A:+6±6μm,B:+3±7μm,c:+8±7μm,and D:+8±7μm).Temporal and superior choroid exhibited more choroidal thickening associated with *** designs induced significant relative peripheral myopia(RPM)beyond the central 20o across the horizontal meridian in both nasal and temporal fields(PcONcLUSION:MFGPcLs show a significant influence on chT and AL,which are associated with significant increase in RPM after short-term *** reliability and feasibility of quantifying short-term changes in chT support its use as a promising marker for the long-term efficacy of myopia-controlling treatments.

关键词： choroid gas-permeable contact lens retinal defocus axial length myopia

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