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Engineered Regeneration 2024年第2期5卷 269-281页

作者： Greg Sacks Vincent DeStefano Claire parker Ryan Lebens Harry Mushlin Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University Stony BrookNYUSA

Nucleus Pulposus(NP)Replacement is a developing surgical methodology for the treatment of pathology related to degeneration of intervertebral discs(IVDs).This article provides necessary context regarding the patholo-gies treated with this technology,the biomechanical structure and function of the IVD,and the procedures this technology aims to ***,it provides an overview and discussion of commercial and experimental preformed and in situ curing prosthesis designs reported in the scientific literature and summarizes the results of biomechanical and clinical studies evaluating their *** and updated information on the most recent research into NP replacement with novel hydrogel and tissue engineering(TE)strategies is *** of the NP allows for potential improvement in the treatment of degenerative spinal pathologies through minimally invasive surgical techniques.

关键词： Nucleus Pulposus Intradiscal Prosthesis Hydrogel Artificial Disc Implant Spine Surgery

Drug clinical trials on high-grade gliomas: challenges and hopes

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2023年第12期20卷 947-954页

作者： Mengqian Huang Shenglan Li parker Li Zhuang Kang Botao Zhang Wenbin Li Cancer Center Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100070China Clinical Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China

Gliomas are the most common group of malignant central nervous system tumors across all ages and have high *** to histopathologic criteria and molecular pathology,gliomas are classified as grades 1–***-grade gliomas(HGG),including the most aggressive subtype,glioblastoma(GBM),belong to grade 3 or *** a standard therapy comprising surgical resection,chemotherapy,and radiation is available,almost all patients with HGG experience recurrence within several months and a dismal prognosis1.

关键词： glioma chemotherapy pathology

Modular next generation fast-neutron detector for portal monitoring

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2022年第1期33卷 140-148页

作者： E.Aboud S.Ahn G.V.Rogachev V.E.johnson j.Bishop G.Christian E.Koshchiy C.E.parker D.P.Scriven Cyclotron Institute Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA Department of Statistics Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTX 77843USA

Nuclear nonproliferation is of critical importance for global *** fissile materials including highly enriched uranium and weapons-grade plutonium are especially important to *** interrogation techniques may result in much better sensitivity but are difficult with conventional portal monitors that rely on detecting thermal ***,most conventional portal monitoring systems rely on ^(3)He,which has a finite and continually decreasing *** designing a highly segmented array of organic scintillators,we posit that we can accurately and quickly identify fissile materials,including weapons-grade plutonium and highly enriched uranium,being *** propose a new design for a fast-neutron detector that overcomes the limitations of the current generation of portal ***6 simulations have been performed in conjunction with the UMPBT statistical model to determine the sensitivity limitations of the proposed *** suggest that the proposed detector may be 10 times more efficient than current-generation thermal neutron detectors and may be able to positively identify a 81 mg 235U source in as little as 192 seconds utilizing active interrogation techniques.

关键词： Fast-neutron detection Portal monitoring Nonproliferation

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Race modifies default mode connectivity in Alzheimer’s disease

2020年

作者： (美)帕克·帕尔默(parker j. Palmer)

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2020年第1期9卷 81-95页

作者： Maria B.Misiura j.Christina Howell junjie Wu Deqiang Qiu Monica W.parker jessica A.Turner William T.Hu Department of Psychology Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Departments of Neurology Emory University615 Michael StreetSuite 505AtlantaGA 30322USA Departments of Radiology Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA

Background:Older African Americans are more likely to develop Alzheimer’s disease(AD)than older Caucasians,and this difference cannot be readily explained by cerebrovascular and socioeconomic factors *** previously showed that mild cognitive impairment and AD dementia were associated with attenuated increases in the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)levels of total and phosphorylated tau in African Americans compared to Caucasians,even though there was no difference in beta-amyloid 1–42 level between the two ***:We extended our work by analyzing early functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)biomarkers of the default mode network in older African Americans and *** calculated connectivity between nodes of the regions belonging to the various default mode network subsystems and correlated these imaging biomarkers with non-imaging biomarkers implicated in AD(CSF amyloid,total tau,and cognitive performance).Results:We found that race modifies the relationship between functional connectivity of default mode network subsystems and cognitive performance,tau,and amyloid ***:These findings provide further support that race modifies the AD phenotypes downstream from cerebral amyloid deposition,and identifies key inter-subsystem connections for deep imaging and neuropathologic characterization.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease Cognitive impairment Functional connectivity Default mode network Disparities

Urban and river flooding:Comparison of flood risk management approaches in the UK and China and an assessment of future knowledge needs

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Water Science and Engineering 2019年第4期12卷 274-283页

作者： Matteo Rubinato Andrew nichols Yong Peng jian-min Zhang Craig Lashford Yan-peng Cai Peng-zhi Lin Simon Tait Faculty of Engineering Environment and ComputingSchool of EnergyConstruction and EnvironmentCoventry UniversityCoventry CV15FBUK Centre for Agroecology Water and ResilienceCoventry UniversityCoventry CV15FBUK Civil and Structural Engineering Department University of SheffieldSheffield S13JDUK State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China School of Environment Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Increased urbanisation,economic growth,and long-term climate variability have made both the UK and China more susceptible to urban and river flooding,putting people and property at increased *** paper presents a review of the current flooding challenges that are affecting the UK and China and the actions that each country is undertaking to tackle these *** emphases in this paper are laid on(1)learning from previous flooding events in the UK and China,and(2)which management methodologies are commonly used to reduce flood *** paper concludes with a strategic research plan suggested by the authors,together with proposed ways to overcome identified knowledge gaps in flood *** briefly comprise the engagement of all stakeholders to ensure a proactive approach to land use planning,early warning systems,and water-sensitive urban design or redesign through more effective policy,multi-level flood models,and data driven models of water quantity and quality.

关键词： Urban flooding River flooding Water management Review Strategic research plans Sponge cities

PEPT study of particle motion for different riser exit geometries

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Particuology 2010年第6期8卷 623-630页

作者： Chian Wen Chan Anke Brems Shiva Mahmoudi jan Baeyens jonathan Seville David parker Thomas Leadbeater joseph Gargiuli University of Warwick School of EngineeringCoventryCV4 7 ALUK Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Department of Chemical Engineeringde Croylaan463001LeuvenBelgium University of Birmingham School of Physics and AstronomyBirminghamB22 T15UK

Laboratory and industrial risers are equipped with exits of many different layouts, and numerous publications discuss the influence of riser exit geometry on local and overall solids hydrodynamics in the riser. The present paper reviews literature findings--mostly based upon indirect experimental techniques and often somewhat contradictory, Direct measurement of particle velocity and particle occupancy near and in the riser exit provide a better indication of the effect of riser exit geometry. Positron Emission Particle Tracking （PEPT） was used in this work for the first time to investigate the exit region of the riser, An abrupt or sharp exit causes particles to be knocked out of the gas flow, so forming a recirculation or reflux region in the upper part of the riser. This is much less pronounced with a curved or gradual exit.

关键词： CFB Riser Exit geometries Positron Emission Particle Tracking

Manual mid-stromal dissection as a low risk procedure to stabilize mild to moderate progressive keratoconus

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Eye and Vision 2018年第1期5卷 233-239页

作者： Rénuka S Birbal Korine van Dijk jack S parker Henny Otten Maha Belmoukadim Lisanne Ham Lamis Baydoun Isabel Dapena Gerrit R j Melles Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery(NIIOS)Rotterdam Laan op Zuid 883071AA RotterdamThe Netherlands Melles Cornea Clinic Rotterdam RotterdamThe Netherlands Amnitrans EyeBank Rotterdam RotterdamThe Netherlands. NIIOS-USA San DiegoUSA parker Cornea BirminghamALUSA Visser Contact Lens Practice Nijmegen/Rotterdam RotterdamThe Netherlands

Background:To evaluate the efficacy of manual mid-stromal dissection in stabilizing progressive ***:Surgeries were performed in 16 eyes of 14 patients with progressive *** eyes were examined before and at 1 day,1 week,1,3,6 and 12 months after surgery,and every 6 months ***(simK,Kmax and pachymetry),best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and subjective refraction were recorded up to the latest follow-up visit(mean follow-up time 6.6±2.4 years).Results:All surgeries were uneventful,and no postoperative complications *** values(n=15)stabilized in 6/11 eyes(55%)with a preoperative Kmax60 D showed continued *** 11/15 eyes(73%)pachymetry was *** with spectacles remained stable in 7/12 eyes(58%)and improved≥2 Snellen lines in 5/12 eyes(42%).BCVA with a contact lens remained stable in 4/9 eyes(44%),improved≥2 Snellen lines in 3/9 eyes(33%)and deteriorated in 2/9 eyes(22%).Conclusions:Manual mid-stromal dissection was effective in 50%of keratoconic corneas with Kmax values<60 D and may be considered in cases ineligible for other interventions such as UV-crosslinking,stromal ring implantation or Bowman layer *** advantage of the procedure may be that the tissue is unaltered and that no synthetic or biological implant is required.

关键词： Keratoconus Manual cornea dissection Progressive ectasia Surgical technique

High throughput materials research and development for lithium ion batteries

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journal of Materiomics 2017年第3期3卷 202-208页

作者： parker Liu Bingkun Guo Tanglin An Hui Fang Genxiang Zhu Chris jiang Xiaoping jiang MTI Corporation 860 South 19th StreetRichmondCA 94804USA Shanghai University 99 Shangda RoadBaoshan DistrictShanghai 200444China Kejing Materials Technology Co.Ltd. 10 Kexueyuan RoadHefeiAnhui 230088China

Development of next generation batteries requires a breakthrough in *** one-by-one method,which is suitable for synthesizing large number of sing-composition material,is timeconsuming and *** throughput and combinatorial experimentation,is an effective method to synthesize and characterize huge amount of materials over a broader compositional region in a short time,which enables to greatly speed up the discovery and optimization of materials with lower *** this work,high throughput and combinatorial materials synthesis technologies for lithium ion battery research are discussed,and our efforts on developing such instrumentations are introduced.

关键词： High throughput Materials synthesis Lithium-ion battery

Health and safety perspectives of graphene in wearables and hybrid materials

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第24期155卷 10-32页

作者： Premika Govindaraj Azadeh Mirabedini Xing jin Dennis Antiohos Nisa Salim Phil Aitchison jake parker Franz Konstantin Fuss Nishar Hameed Faculty of Science Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Melbourne VIC 3122 Australia Aerospace Engineering and Aviation School of Engineering RMIT University Bundoora Melbourne VIC 3083 Australia Institute for Frontier Materials Deakin University Geelong VIC 3216 Australia Imagine Intelligent Materials Sydney NSW 2018 Australia Sparc Technologies Kent Town South Australia 5067 Australia Chair of Biomechanics Faculty of Engineering Science University of Bayreuth Bayreuth D-95440 Germany

The growing demand for smart wearables, coupled with the omnipresence of graphene due to its array of outstanding thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties, have driven the industry-led initiatives to develop lightweight, smart, and robust graphene-based wearable technologies. The substantial research and the increase in technology readiness levels (TRLs) of graphene-based technologies have led to the adoption of graphene in many industries. Graphene-based wearables are one such technology that involves closer interaction of graphene by the end-user. Despite this, understanding the toxicological risks associated with using graphene-based wearables is still in the fundamental stage. Herein, graphene-based wearables and industrial-scale fabrication techniques for the development of graphene-based wearables are reviewed. The main goal of the review is to initially evaluate the likelihood of user exposure to graphene from the wearable device and the potential health effects. The subsequent health risks based on graphene's physicochemical characteristics are also discussed. A framework to elucidate the risk is presented in terms of crucial exposure routes, possible graphene interactions, recent exposure assessments, detection removal techniques from the human body, and risk management protocols. It is hoped that this review may aid towards establishing a reasonable practice concerning the safe integration of graphene materials into wearables and facilitate their commercialization.

关键词： Graphene Wearables Composites Nanomaterials Smart materials Health and safety