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The effects of smoking on periodontal disease: An evidence-based comprehensive literature review

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2014年第1期4卷 33-41页

作者： Mahmoud Abu-ta’a Depa.tment of Oral Surgery & Periodontology Faculty of Dentistry Arab American University West Bank Pa-lestine

The direct link between smoking, lung diseases, cancer, cardiovascular disease and poor pregnancy outcomes, such as miscarriage and low birth weight, has been extensively studied. In the pa.t three decades, there has also been an increasing awareness of the impa.t of smoking on periodontal disease. Smoking is considered the major environmental risk factor in the prevalence, extent and severity of periodontal disease. This review article will attempt to build on previous studies in the periodontal literature in order to present an evidence-based comprehensive literature review on the effects of smoking on periodontal disease.

关键词： Smoking Periodontitis Periodontal Disease Tobacco Cigarette Smoking

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缺血性脑卒中治疗的最新进展

中华神经科杂志 1998年第6期31卷 380-381页

作者： Zivi.,ta 李文慧美国加州大学圣地亚哥分校神经科

目前，已有确切的证据表明，应用组织型纤溶酶原激活物（ｔＰＡ）的溶栓疗法能有效减轻发病３小时内的缺血性脑卒中病人的神经损伤。几项设计合理的临床试验结果提示，其疗效可以进一步提高。溶栓疗法目前，已经完成了两项ｔＰＡ治... 详细信息

目前，已有确切的证据表明，应用组织型纤溶酶原激活物（ｔＰＡ）的溶栓疗法能有效减轻发病３小时内的缺血性脑卒中病人的神经损伤。几项设计合理的临床试验结果提示，其疗效可以进一步提高。溶栓疗法目前，已经完成了两项ｔＰＡ治疗急性缺血性脑卒中的大规模临床试验...

关键词：缺血性脑卒中溶栓疗法治疗

Feasibility study for bone health assessment based on photoacoustic imaging method

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Chinese Optics Letters 2020年第12期18卷 49-53页

作者： Ting Feng Yunhao Zhu Yejing Xie Dean ta Jie Yuan Qian Cheng School of Electronic and Optical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Institute of Acoustics School of Physics Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Electronic Science and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210094China Depa.tment of Electronic Engineering Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repa.r and Regeneration of Ministry of Education Orthopaedic Department of Tongji HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200065China

This study investigated the feasibility of photoacoustic(pa. imaging of bone and characterization of bone features. By conducting the experiments on bovine femoral heads ex vivo, the light and ultrasonic penetration in bones was studied, together with the depth of pa.imaging and measurement in bones. Then, the possibility of three-dimensional(3 D) pa.imaging of bones by raster scanning of the focusing transducer was studied. The micro-computerized tomography images of the bovine ribs with and without ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDta) treatment indicated that the 3 D pa.images could present the changes of bone microstructure resulting from the EDta treatment. By using pa.spectral analysis, the bone samples with and without the treatment of EDta solution can be distinguished, and the microstructures can be characterized. This study was based on the bovine bone whose size is compa.able to human bones, suggesting that pa.technology can be used as a novel bone diagnostic technique.

关键词： photoacoustic imaging bone assessment osteoporosis bone health cliaracterization

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响应面法优化水芹黄酮提取工艺及其成分研究

中国食品学报 2014年第11期14卷 83-89页

作者：陈况况帕塔尔·尼牙孜章宏慧刘东红叶兴乾陈健初浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院馥莉食品研究院浙江省农产品加工技术研究重点实验室浙江省食品加工技术与装备工程中心杭州310058

采用水浴加热的方法研究水芹黄酮提取工艺。通过单因素试验分别考察料液比、提取溶剂浓度、加热温度和加热时间对水芹黄酮提取量的影响,确定各因素的适宜水平。在此基础上,利用Design-Expert软件中的Box-Behnken Design设计方法设计四... 详细信息

采用水浴加热的方法研究水芹黄酮提取工艺。通过单因素试验分别考察料液比、提取溶剂浓度、加热温度和加热时间对水芹黄酮提取量的影响,确定各因素的适宜水平。在此基础上,利用Design-Expert软件中的Box-Behnken Design设计方法设计四因素三水平的试验方案,通过方差分析回归建立数学模型,确定水芹叶黄酮的最佳提取工艺条件是:料液比1∶25、乙醇体积分数70%、加热时间2.5 h、温度73.76℃。此条件下黄酮的提取量为31.478 mg/g(与预测值32.0041 mg/g接近)。使用相同条件从茎中提取的黄酮量为6.214 mg/g。采用高效液相色谱法分析水芹黄酮成分,结果水芹黄酮主要含芦丁、槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-3-L-鼠李糖苷、槲皮素、山奈酚。

关键词：水芹黄酮响应面法高效液相色谱

初级保健中原发性醛固酮增多症的患病率和临床表现

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中华高血压杂志 2017年第5期25卷 482-484页

作者： Monticone S Burrello J Tizzani D Bertello C Viola A Buffolo F gabetti L Mengozzi g Williams ta Rabbia F Veglio F Mulatero P 练桂丽叶鹏机构不详

原发性醛固酮增多症（primaryaldosteronism，pa.是一种异质性疾病，以高血压和相对自主于肾素血管紧张素系统产生过量醛固酮为特征。与心血管病风险相似的原发性高血压患者相比，pa.者发生心脑血管并发症的风险以及代谢综合征患病率... 详细信息

原发性醛固酮增多症（primaryaldosteronism，pa.是一种异质性疾病，以高血压和相对自主于肾素血管紧张素系统产生过量醛固酮为特征。与心血管病风险相似的原发性高血压患者相比，pa.者发生心脑血管并发症的风险以及代谢综合征患病率增加，提示正确诊断pa.重要性。

关键词：原发性醛固酮增多症患病率临床表现初级保健原发性高血压患者肾素血管紧张素系统心脑血管并发症异质性疾病

超声表观背散射参数成像定征松质骨结构的可行性研究

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仪器仪表学报 2009年第11期30卷 2455-2460页

作者：黄凯他得安王威琪复旦大学电子工程系上海200433

骨矿密度的降低与骨微结构的退化都会导致骨强度的下降,从而引发骨质疏松。松质骨的超声背散射信号中包含骨微结构信息。本文提出用超声背散射系数(BC)和平均积分背散射系数(AIB)成像来定征松质骨微结构,并对骨样本感兴趣区域(ROI)内的B... 详细信息

骨矿密度的降低与骨微结构的退化都会导致骨强度的下降,从而引发骨质疏松。松质骨的超声背散射信号中包含骨微结构信息。本文提出用超声背散射系数(BC)和平均积分背散射系数(AIB)成像来定征松质骨微结构,并对骨样本感兴趣区域(ROI)内的BC和AIB与μ-CT获得的骨结构参数做线性相关分析。研究结果表明,超声背散射参数的平均值与骨小梁厚度(r=0.898)、骨小梁间距(r=–0.916)有较强的相关性。说明利用背散射参数图像来反映松质骨微结构的特征是可行的。

关键词：超声背散射骨微结构参数成像

Decreased mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid and increased oxidative damage in chronic hepa.itis C

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2012年第36期18卷 5084-5089页

作者： Hsu-Heng Yen Kai-Lun Shih ta-Tsung Lin Wei-Wen Su Maw-Soan Soon Chin-San Liu Depa.tment of gastroenterology and Hepa.ology Changhua Christian Hospital Vascular and genomic Research Center Changhua Christian Hospital

AIM： To determine whether alteration of the mito- chondria DNA （mtDNA） copy number and its oxidative damage index （mtDNA△CT） can be detected by analysis of peripheral blood cells in hepa.itis C virus （HCV）- infected pa.ients. METHODS： This study enrolled two groups of pa. tients aged 40-60 years： a control group and an HCV- infected group in Depa.tment of gastroenterology and Hepa.ology in Changhua Christian Hospital. pa.ients with co-infection with hepa.itis B virus or human im- munodeficiency virus, autoimmune disease, malignant neoplasia, pregnancy, thyroid disease, or alcohol con- sumption 〉 40 g/d were excluded. HCV-infected pa. tients who met the following criteria were included：（1） positive HCV antibodies for 〉 6 mo; （2） alanine aminotransferase （ALT） levels more than twice the upper lim- it of normal on at least two occasions during the pa.t 6 mo; and （3） histological fibrosis stage higher than F1. The mtDNA copy number and oxidative damage index of HCV mtDNA （mtDNA△CT） were measured in periph- eral blood leukocytes. The association between mtDNA copy number and mtDNA△CT was further analyzed using clinical data. RESULTS： Forty-seven normal controls （male/female： 26/21, mean age 50.51 ± 6.15 years） and 132 HCV- infected pa.ients （male/female： 76/61, mean age 51.65 ± 5.50 years） were included in the study. The geno- types of HCV-infected pa.ients include type 1a （n = 3）, type 1b （n = 83）, type 2a （n = 32）, and type 2b （n = 14）. Liver fibrosis stages were distributed as follows： F1/F2/F3/F4 = 1/61/45/25 and activity scores were A0/ A1/A2/A3 = 7/45/55/25. There were no age or gender differences between the two groups. HCV-infected pa. tients had higher hepa.itis activity （aspa.tate transami- nase levels 108.77 ± 60.73 vs 23.19 ± 5.47, P 〈 0.01; ALT levels 168.69 ± 93.12 vs 23.15 ± 9.45, P 〈 0.01） and lower platelet count （170.40±58.00 vs 251.24 ± 63.42, P 〈 0.01） than controls. The mtDNA copy num- ber was lower in HCV-infected pa.ients than in controls （173.49

关键词： Hepa.itis C Mitochondria Oxidative stress Mitochondrial DNA Biomarker

Intestinal alkaline phosphatase in the colonic mucosa of children with inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2012年第25期18卷 3254-3259页

作者： Kriszta Molnár dám Vannay Beáta Szebeni Nóra Fanni Bánki Erna Sziksz ron Cseh Hajnalka gyrffy Péter László Lakatos Mária pa.p András Arató gábor Veres First Depa.tment of Pediatrics Semmelweis UniversityH-1083 BudapestHungary Research group for Pediatrics and Nephrology Semmelweis University and Hungarian Academy of SciencesH-1083 BudapestHungary SE-Mta "Lendulet" Diabetes Research group H-1083 BudapestHungary Second Depa.tment of pa.hology Semmelweis UniversityH-1091 BudapestHungary First Depa.tment of Medicine Semmelweis UniversityH-1083 BudapestHungary Second Depa.tment of Medicine University of Debrecen H-4032 Debrecen Hungary

AIM： To investigate intestinal alkaline phosphatase （iAP） in the intestinal mucosa of children with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）. METHODS： Colonic biopsy samples were taken from 15 newly diagnosed IBD pa.ients and from 10 healthy controls. In IBD pa.ients, specimens were obtainedboth from inflamed and non-inflamed areas. The lAP mRNA and protein expression was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting analysis, respectively. Tissue localiza- tion of lAP and Toll-like receptor （TLR） 4 was investi- gated by immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS： The lAP protein level in the inflamed muco- sa of children with Crohn＇s disease （CD） and ulcerative colitis （UC） was significantly decreased when compa.ed with controls （both P 〈 0.05）. Similarly, we found a significantly decreased level of lAP protein in the in- flamed mucosa in CD compa.ed with non-inflamed mucosa in CD （P 〈 0.05）. In addition, the iAP protein level in inflamed colonic mucosa in pa.ients with UC was decreased compa.ed with non-inflamed mucosa in pa.ients with CD （P 〈 0.05）. lAP protein levels in the non-inflamed mucosa of pa.ients with CD were similar to controls, lAP mRNA expression in inflamed colonic mucosa of children with CD and UC was not significant- ly different from that in non-inflamed colonic mucosa with CD. Expression of lAP mRNA in pa.ients with non- inflamed mucosa and in controls were similar. Co-local- ization of lAP with TLR4 showed intense staining with a dotted-like pa.tern, lAP was present in the inflamed and non-inflamed mucosa of pa.ients with CD, UC, and in control biopsy specimens, irrespective of whether it was present in the terminal ileum or in the colon. However, the fluorescent signal of TLR4 was more pro- nounced in the colon compa.ed with the terminal ileum in all groups studied. CONCLUSION： Lower than normal lAP protein levels in inflamed mucosa of IBD pa.ients may indicate a role for lAP in inflammatory lesions in IBD. Based on our r

关键词： Intestinal alkaline phosphatase Toll-like recep-tor Colonic biopsy Children Inflammatory bowel disease

激光诱导铝等离子体中原子和离子组分膨胀特性

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物理学报 2018年第18期67卷 227-233页

作者：林芷伊简俊涛王小华杭纬厦门大学化学化工学院化学系谱学分析与仪器教育部重点实验室厦门361005

为了了解等离子体中原子与离子组分的膨胀特性及背景气体存在状态下其运动状态的改变规律,设计了一系列实验,并进行了深入探究.采用波长为532 nm的纳秒激光剥蚀铝样品形成等离子体,并使用配有em ICCD检测器的C-T型三光栅单色仪对等离子... 详细信息

为了了解等离子体中原子与离子组分的膨胀特性及背景气体存在状态下其运动状态的改变规律,设计了一系列实验,并进行了深入探究.采用波长为532 nm的纳秒激光剥蚀铝样品形成等离子体,并使用配有em ICCD检测器的C-T型三光栅单色仪对等离子体进行时序采集,同时使用2400 g·mm^(-1)的光栅替代窄带滤光片进行不同组分成像诊断,得到铝等离子体中Al Ⅰ (396.1 nm), Al Ⅱ (466.3 nm), Al Ⅲ (447.9 nm)的光谱分辨图像.在不同背景气压下采集了等离子体各组分光谱图像,探究背景气体对等离子体演化的影响.结果表明,在等离子体形成过程中,离子组分相对于原子组分分布在羽流前端,且角度分布较小.原子与离子组分的真空膨胀速度均处于10~4m·s^(-1)量级.等离子体中离子组分的运动速度较高,且其运动速度随着离子价态的增加而增大,但在本实验使用的能量密度范围下,随激光能量的变化波动不大.中性原子的运动速度较慢,但随能量的增加而增大.随着膨胀过程的进行,各组分羽流沿样品表面法线方向推进且发射强度逐渐降低,对应的羽流密度和温度也相应降低.环境气压逐渐增大时,各研究组分运动状态与在高真空度下时有明显区别.在气压大于1 pa.,等离子体与环境气体发生相互渗透,膨胀前端出现的晕影,产生扰动,发生束缚缓速.且等离子羽因气压增大而收缩、与背景气体的碰撞概率增加,使得羽流发射强度加强,等离子体的寿命随之延长.提出的新颖诊断方法与实验所得结果可为等离子体组分动力学过程的研究提供参考.

关键词：等离子体光谱分析等离子体膨胀演化激光激发电离