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酸汤牛肉工艺优化

肉类研究 2023年第8期37卷 14-19页

作者：黄朝斌雷兴王晓宇李娟吴文燕张玉龙胡萍贵州大学酿酒与食品工程学院贵州贵阳550025 贵州大学生命科学学院贵州贵阳550025

以贵州黔东南本地小黄牛肉为原料,采用混合酸汤(红酸汤+白酸汤)煮制牛肉,在单因素试验的基础上,以煮制时间、混合酸汤添加量、木姜子添加量和牛肉滚揉时间为影响因素,感官评价、水分含量和pH值为主要评价指标,进行正交试验优化,确定酸... 详细信息

以贵州黔东南本地小黄牛肉为原料,采用混合酸汤(红酸汤+白酸汤)煮制牛肉,在单因素试验的基础上,以煮制时间、混合酸汤添加量、木姜子添加量和牛肉滚揉时间为影响因素,感官评价、水分含量和pH值为主要评价指标,进行正交试验优化,确定酸汤牛肉最佳工艺参数。结果表明:牛肉滚揉时间50 min、木姜子添加量3.0 g、混合酸汤添加量110 mL条件下煮制2.5 min,得到的酸汤牛肉感官评分最高(86.33分),水分含量为(72.41±1.77)%,其中肉汤pH值为4.88,牛肉pH值为4.99,亮度值(L^(*))为58.81,红度值(a^(*))为9.05,黄度值(b^(*))为10.96,可溶性固形物含量为(2.67±0.09)%;肉汤中游离氨基酸含量丰富,以鲜味氨基酸为主(0.0785 mg/mL),其次为甜味氨基酸和苦味氨基酸;产品微生物指标符合国家安全标准;优化后的酸汤牛肉制品色泽红润、肉质鲜嫩、香味浓郁、酸咸适中。

关键词：酸汤牛肉工艺优化标准化

Anisotropic electrical properties of aligned PtSe_(2) nanoribbon arrays grown by a pre-patterned selective selenization process

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Nano Research 2022年第5期15卷 4668-4676页

作者： huaipeng Wang Zhifang Liu Yilin Sun Xiaofan ping Jianlong Xu Yingtao Ding Haowen hu Dan Xie Tianling Ren School of Integrated Circuits Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology(BNRist)Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Chemistry Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Institute of Functional Nano&Soft Materials(FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&DevicesSoochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

This study proposes a feasible and scalable production strategy to naturally obtain aligned platinum diselenide(PtSe_(2))nanoribbon arrays with anisotropic *** anisotropic properties of two-dimensional(2D)materials,especially transition-metal dichalcogenides(TMDs),have attracted great interest in *** dependence of physical properties on their lattice orientations is of particular interest because of its potential in diverse applications,such as nanoelectronics and ***-dimensional(1D)nanostructures facilitate many feasible production strategies for shaping 2D materials into unidirectional 1D nanostructures,providing methods to investigate the anisotropic properties of 2D materials based on their lattice orientations and *** natural alignment of zigzag(ZZ)PtSe_(2) nanoribbons is experimentally demonstrated using angle-resolved polarized Raman spectroscopy(ARPRS),and the selective growth mechanism is further theoretically revealed by comparing edges and edge energies of different orientations using the density functional theory(DFT).Back-gate field-effect transistors(FETs)are also constructed of unidirectional PtSe_(2) nanoribbons to investigate their anisotropic electrical properties,which align with the results of the projected density of states(DOS)*** work provides new insight into the anisotropic properties of 2D materials and a feasible investigation strategy from experimental and theoretical perspectives.

关键词： PtSe_(2) scalable production anisotropic properties nanoribbons density functional theory

Lower levels sex hormone-binding globulin independently associated with metabolic syndrome in pre-elderly and elderly men in China

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2013年第1期10卷 28-33页

作者： Xiao-Na Pang Yu hu Ying Yuan Ji-ping Shen Xiao-Yun Zha Xuan Sun Department of Geriatrics Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University 180 Fenglin Road Shanghai China Beckman Coulter Commercial Enterprise China Co. LTD. 500 Fu Shan Road Shanghai China

Objective To examine the relationship between sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in pre-elderly and elderly men in China. Methods A cross-sectional studywas done among 437men, aged 45 to 94 years old. Early morning fasting sera were assayed for total testosterone (TT), SHBG and other biochemical markers. Free testosterone (FT) was calculated. Results The SHBG level of the MetS group was significantly lower than those without MetS 35.70 (25.18, 47.10) nmol/L vs. 41.90 (31.80, 55.20) nmol/L; P < 0.001). As the number of MetS components increases, SHBG and TT levels became lower. SHBG correlated with age, as did TT and most of metabolic components. Body mass index (BMI), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and TT remained independently associated with SHBG by multivariate regression analysis. In a logistic regression taking MetS as the dependent variable, SHBG (95% confidence interval (95% CI): 0.975��0.994, P = 0.018) and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (95%CI: 1.535��2.647, P < 0.001) were included in the final model. Conclusions Lower SHBG is independently associated with MetS among pre-elderly and elderly men. SHBG may be an independent predictor of MetS, but the mechanism of how SHBG is involved in MetS requires further studied.

关键词： Males Metabolic Syndrome Sex hormone–binding globulin Testosterone

Reflectance calibration and shadow effect of VNIS spectra acquired by the Yutu rover

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2015年第9期15卷 1587-1596页

作者： Sen hu Yang-Ting Lin Bin Liu Wei Yang Zhi-ping He Wei-Fan Xing Key Laboratory of Earth and Planetary Physics Institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Lunar and Deep Space Exploration National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Space Active Opto-Electronics Technology Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences China University of Geosciences

Yutu is the first lunar rover after the Apollo program and Luna missions. One of the payloads on the Yutu rover, the Visible and Near-infrared Imaging Spectrometer （VNIS）, has acquired four VIS/NIR images and SWIR spectra near its landing site in Mare Imbrium. The radiance images were reduced through repairing bad lines and bad points, and applying flat field correction, and then were converted into reflectance values based on the solar irradiance and angles of incidence. A significant shadow effect was observed in the VIS/NIR image. The shadowed regions show lower reflectance with a darkening trend compared with illuminated regions. The re- flectance increased by up to 24% for entire images and 17% for the VIS/NIR-SWlR overlapping regions after shadow correction. The correction for the shadow effect will remarkably decrease the estimate of FeO content, by up to 4.9 wt.% in this study. The derived FeO contents of CD-005-008 after shadow correction are around 18.0 wt.%.

关键词： Moon -- Chang'e-3 -- Yutu -- VNIS -- shadow -- reflectance

Effect of tillage and burial depth and density of seed on viability and seedling emergence of weedy rice

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第8期18卷 1914-1923页

作者： ZHANG Zheng GAO ping-lei DAI Wei-min SONG Xiao-ling hu Feng QIANG Sheng Weed Research Laboratory Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P.R.China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P.R.China

Weedy rice(Oryza sativa f. spontanea) is one of the three worst paddy weeds in most rice growing areas. The unexpected heavy infestation is derived from a persistence of soil seed bank of weedy rice, which the shattered seeds chiefly feed back to. Information on soil seed bank dynamics is imperative to predict the infestation of weeds. In the present paper,the effect of rotary tillage on weedy rice seed bank structure was studied first, and a burial experiment of marked seeds was conducted to observe the overwintering survival, seed viability and seedling emergence of weedy rice. The results showed that the proportion of weedy rice seeds in deeper soil increased but seedling emergence decreased with increasing plowing depth. The viability of weedy rice seeds decreased as the burial duration time extended but more slowly in deeper soil layers. Additionally, there was no significant effect of burial density on seed viability. Moreover, the logistic model fitted well(R^2≥0.95, P≤0.01) with the depressive trends of seed viability with increasing burial time under all burial depths and densities which can provide us further information about seed survival. In field experiments, number of seedling emergence significantly decreased as seed burial depth increased, conversely, proportion of seedling emergence increased as seed burial density decreased. This study has important implications for determining strategies for weedy rice management by exhausting its seed bank through the alteration of tillage practices.

关键词： seed burial depth seed burial density germination wintering survival seed vertical distribution

Hydrothermal Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Magnetic Properties and Network Topology of a Novel Binuclear Co(Ⅱ) Coordination Polymer_∞~1[Co_2(4,4'-bpy)_2(L)_4](bpy = Bipyridine, HL = 2-Fluorbenzoic Acid)

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2015年第6期34卷 953-959页

作者： hu Ling-Xia ZHANG Bi-Song WU Chang-Sheng huANG Dong-Wei QIU Jian-ping College of Pharmaceutics and Material Engineering Jinhua Polytechnic

One novel binuclear Co（Ⅱ） coordination polymer ∞ [Co2（4,4＇-bpy）2（L）4] （1, bpy = bipyridine, HL = 2-fluorbenzoic acid） has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. Complex 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a = 11.163（2）, b = 21.943（4）, c = 9.6381（19） A, β = 113.92（3）°, V= 2158.2（7） A3, Z= 4, Dc = 1.518 g/cm^3, Mr = 493.31, F（000） =1004, R = 0.0303 and wR = 0.0808 for 3614 observed reflections （I〉 2σ（I））. Complex I exhibits a 3D Schlafli symbol （4.62）（4.66.83） topological framework, and the magnetic characterization shows weak antiferromagnetic coupling exchange between two Co ions.

关键词： Co(Ⅱ) complex coordination polymer crystal structure magnetic properties topological framework

Optically active micelles from self-assembly of MPEG-b-PMALM copolymer in water

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2009年第2期20卷 231-234页

作者： Fa Bao Zhao Zhi Lei Liu Jian ping Sun Liang Feng Ji Wen hu Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 China

Reported here is fabrication of optically active micelles with broad range of morphologies in water, such as spheres, cylinders, and vesicles, from self-assembly of poly（ethylene glycol） monomethyl ether-b-poly- （methacryloyl-L-leucine methyl ester）（MPEG-b-PMALM） copolymer, which was prepared via atom transfer radical polymerization （ATRP） from vinyl monomer bearing chiral amino acid moieties, N-methacryloyl L-leucine methyl ester （MALM）, using bromine （Br） end-capped poly（ethylene golycol） monomethylether （MPEG-Br） as macroinitiator in the presence of CuBr/Me6TREN as catalytic system.

关键词： Block copolymers Chiroptical properties Micelles Circular dichroism (CD)

Expression of PIN Genes in Rice （Oryza sativa L.）： Tissue Specificity and Regulation by Hormones

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Molecular Plant 2009年第4期2卷 823-831页

作者： Ji-Rong Wang Han hu Gao-Hang Wang Jing Li Jie-Yu Chen ping Wu State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry College of Life Sciences Zi Jin Gang Campus Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 People's Republic of China

Twelve genes of the PIN family in rice were analyzed for gene and protein structures and an evolutionary relationship with reported AtPINs in Arabidopsis. Four members of PIN1 （designated as OsPINla-d）, one gene paired with AtPIN2 （OsPIN2）, three members of PIN5 （OsPIN5a-c）, one gene paired with AtPIN8 （OsPIN8）, and three monocot-specific PINs （OsPIN9, OsPINIOa, and b） were identified from the phylogenetic analysis. Tissue-specific expression patterns of nine PIN genes among them were investigated using RT-PCR and GUS reporter. The wide variations in the expression domain in different tissues of the PIN genes were observed. In general, PIN genes are up-regulated by exogenous auxin, while different responses of different PIN genes to other hormones were found.

关键词： Oryza sativa L. PIN family expression pattern.

Allelic Variation at the TaZds-A1 Locus on Wheat Chromosome 2A and Development of a Functional Marker in Common Wheat

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第7期11卷 1067-1074页

作者： DONG Chang-hai MA Zhi-ying XIA Xian-chun ZHANG Li-ping HE Zhong-hu College of Agronomy Agricultural University ofHebei Baoding 071001 P.R.China Institute of Crop Sciences National Wheat Improvement Center~The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) Beijing 100081 P.R.China CIMMYT China Office/CAAS Beijing 100081 P.R.China Beijing Engineering and Technique Research Center of Hybrid Wheat Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences Beijing 100097 P.R. China

ζ （zeta）-carotene desaturase （ZDS） is a key enzyme for carotenoid biosynthesis, demonstrating high association with the yellow pigment （YP） content in wheat grain. Cloning ZDS gene and developing functional markers are important for marker-assisted selection in wheat breeding. In the present study, the full-length DNA sequence of a ZDS gene on wheat chromosome 2A, designated TaZds-A1, was cloned, with 14 exons and 13 introns, and it has an open reading frame （ORF） of 1 707 bp, encoding 568 amino acid residues. A co-dominant functional marker, YP2A-1, was designed based on the polymorphisms of two alleles at the locus, TaZds-Ala and TaZds-Alb, yielding 183- and 179-bp fragments in TaZds-Ala and TaZds-Alb genotypes, respectively. A new QTL for YP content was detected on chromosome 2A, co-segregating with the functional marker YP2A-1 and TaZds-A1; it explained 11.3% of the phenotypic variance for YP content in a doubled haploid （DH） population from Zhongyou 9507/CA9632. Among 217 Chinese wheat cultivars and advanced lines, the average grain YP content of 126 cultivars with TaZds-Alb allele was 7.8% higher than that of 91 cultivars with TaZds- Ala allele.

关键词： Triticum aestivum functional marker QTL ζ-carotene desaturase ZDS