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多种标志物在人群结核病分子流行病学研究中的应用

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2001年第2期 80-87页

作者： J.T.Rhee m.m.Tanaka m.A.Beh C.B.Agasino E.A.paz p.C.Hopewell p.m.small 吴雪琼 Division of Epidemiology Department of Health Research and Policy Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California Department of Biological Sciences Stanford University Stanford California Division of Infectious Diseases and microbiology Montreal General Hospital. Montreal Canada Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic medicine. Department of medicine Stanford University School of Medicine Department of public Health Division of Tuberculosis Control City and county of San Francisco California Francis J. Curry National Tuberculosis Center San Francisco California Division of pulmonary and Critical Care medicine San Francisco General Hospital Medical Center and the Department of Medicine University of California at San Francisco San Francisco California USA

背景:目前世界正在开展很多结核病流行病学研究。对IS6110杂交带少于6条的菌株应用一个二级标志物指纹分析增强了菌株的追踪,但它对人群结论的影响尚未很好地研究。目的:对低拷贝结核分支杆菌菌株应用多态性富含GC重复序列(pGRS)进行... 详细信息

背景:目前世界正在开展很多结核病流行病学研究。对IS6110杂交带少于6条的菌株应用一个二级标志物指纹分析增强了菌株的追踪,但它对人群结论的影响尚未很好地研究。目的:对低拷贝结核分支杆菌菌株应用多态性富含GC重复序列(pGRS)进行二级基因分型。探讨其对以人群为研究背景的流行病学研究结论的影响。设计:对1991—1996年旧金山结核病例,通过单用IS6110及联合采用pGRS/IS6110定义菌株成簇,以便1)估计近期的传播;2)评价细菌群体参数在理论上对这些估计的影响;3)评价近期传播的危险因素。结果:对低拷贝菌株(所有菌株的20.3％)进行二级分型,使近期传播的估算值由29.1％下降到25.3％(p=0.03)。补充基因分型造成不同估算值的最主要的影响参数是低拷贝菌株的比例和成簇的数量。对于上述两种分析方法而言。导致近期传播的危险因素是一样的。结论:结核分支杆菌二级基因分型的统计和推论似乎取决于人群中低拷贝菌株的比例。该比例低时,或没有多少二级特型匹配时,补充基因分型在人群水平研究中的作用可能就很小。

关键词：结核病分子流行病学 IS6110 pGRS

南墨西哥结核病高流行社区中高危人群在传播结核分支杆菌中的作用

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国际结核病与肺部疾病杂志 2000年第4期 112-116页

作者： ma.deLourdesGarcía-García m.palacios-martínez A.ponce-de-León ma.E.Jiménez-Corona A.Jiménez-Corona S.Balandrano-Campos H.Olivera-Díaz J.L.Valdespino-Gómez p.m.small 王海东 Instituto Nacional de Salud publica Cuemavaca Instituto Nacional de la Nutticion Salvador Zubiron Mexico City Instituto Nacional de Diagnostico y Referencia Epidemiologicos Mexico City Mexico Stanford University Stanford Califomia USA

背景:高结核病流行的南墨西哥社区。目的:为描述以DOTS为基础的控制规程地区结核病传播的动态特征。设计:以社区为基础筛选1995年3月1日至1996年8月31日期间有慢性咳嗽者。登记、会见痰抗酸杆菌(AFB)阳性的病人,并做分支杆菌培养和指纹... 详细信息

背景:高结核病流行的南墨西哥社区。目的:为描述以DOTS为基础的控制规程地区结核病传播的动态特征。设计:以社区为基础筛选1995年3月1日至1996年8月31日期间有慢性咳嗽者。登记、会见痰抗酸杆菌(AFB)阳性的病人,并做分支杆菌培养和指纹。对所有做DNA指纹的人进行详细访问。结果:在进行抗酸杆菌涂片的1 424人中,有124人得到微生物学确认。获得95名病例的细菌DNA指纹,其中38例是成簇的。最大的一簇包括集中在几个未登记酒吧的7名社会网络成员。结论:这个以人群为基础的分子流行病学研究表明,在社会网络内的传播中,四分之一很快地发展成为疾病。这些观察对在卫生区域内实施WHO解释的DOTS规范的结核病控制措施的潜在利益提出了疑问。

关键词：结核病分子流行病学控制 IS6110 墨西哥高危人群

A new piecewise linear Chen system of fractional-order:Numerical approximation of stable attractors

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Chinese physics B 2015年第6期24卷 216-224页

作者： marius-F.Danca m.A.Aziz-Alaoui michael small Department of mathematics and Computer Science Emanuel University of Oradea Romanian Institute of Science and Technology Normandie University ULH LMAHF-76600 Le Havre FR CNRS 3335 ISCN25 rue Philippe Lebon 76600 Le HavreFrance School of mathematics and Statistics University of Western Australia

In this paper we present a new version of Chen＇s system： a piecewise linear （pWL） Chert system of fractional-order. Via a sigmoid-like function, the discontinuous system is transformed into a continuous system. By numerical simulations, we reveal chaotic behaviors and also multistability, i.e., the existence of small pararheter windows where, for some fixed bifurcation parameter and depending on initial conditions, coexistence of stable attractors and chaotic attractors is possible. moreover, we show that by using an algorithm to switch the bifurcation parameter, the stable attractors can be numerically approximated.

关键词： pWL Chen attractor of fractional-order parameter switching Cellina's Theorem Filippov regu-larization Sigmoid function bifurcation diagram

Network science meets algebraic topology

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National Science Review 2019年第6期6卷 1064-1065页

作者： Lingqing Shen David m.Walker michael small Department of mathematics Nanjing University Department of mathematics & Statistics University of Western Australia mineral Resources Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation

Network science is largely consumed with the study of graphs with heterogeneous degree: typically large graphs with no strong topological symmetry. Network science borrows approaches from statistical physics to understand this heterogeneous structure, in a manner quite distinct from the rich symmetry of the graphs that are studied by algebraic graph theorists. Shi et al. [1] move toward

关键词： Network science meets algebraic topology

Heterogeneity of mature oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1336-1349页

作者： Chao Weng Adam m.R.Groh moein Yaqubi Qiao-Ling Cui Jo Anne Stratton G.R.Wayne moore Jack p.Antel Neuroimmunology Unit Montreal Neurological Institute-HospitalDepartment of Neurology and NeurosurgeryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei ProvinceChina

mature oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths that are crucial for the insulation of axons and efficient signal transmission in the central nervous *** evidence has challenged the classical view of the functionally static mature oligodendrocyte and revealed a gamut of dynamic functions such as the ability to modulate neuronal circuitry and provide metabolic support to *** the recognition of potential heterogeneity in mature oligodendrocyte function,a comprehensive summary of mature oligodendrocyte diversity is *** delve into early 20th-century studies by Robertson and Río-Hortega that laid the foundation for the modern identification of regional and morphological heterogeneity in mature ***,recent morphologic and functional studies call into question the long-assumed homogeneity of mature oligodendrocyte function through the identification of distinct subtypes with varying myelination ***,modern molecular investigations,employing techniques such as single cell/nucleus RNA sequencing,consistently unveil at least six mature oligodendrocyte subpopulations in the human central nervous system that are highly transcriptomically diverse and vary with central nervous system *** and disease related mature oligodendrocyte variation denotes the impact of pathological conditions such as multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer's disease,and psychiatric ***,caution is warranted when subclassifying mature oligodendrocytes because of the simplification needed to make conclusions about cell identity from temporally confined *** studies leveraging advanced techniques like spatial transcriptomics and single-cell proteomics promise a more nuanced understanding of mature oligodendrocyte *** research avenues that precisely evaluate mature oligodendrocyte heterogeneity with care to understand the mitigating influence of species,sex,central nervous system region,age,and disease,

关键词： aging central nervous system diseases electron microscopy heterogeneity immunohistochemistry myelin sheath natural history neuroglia oligodendroglia single-cell gene expression analysis

Nonlinear forced vibration in a subcritical regime of a porous functionally graded pipe conveying fluid with a retaining clip

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Applied mathematics and mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 101-122页

作者： m.GHOLAmI m.EFTEKHARI Department of mechanical Engineering Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman

This study examines the nonlinear behaviors of a clamped-clamped porous pipe made of a functionally graded material(FGm) that conveys fluids and is equipped with a retaining clip, focusing on primary resonance and subcritical dynamics. The nonlinear governing equations for the FGm pipe are derived by the extended Hamilton's principle, and subsequently discretized through the application of the Galerkin *** direct method of multi-scales is then used to solve the derived equations. A thorough analysis of various parameters, including the clip stiffness, the power-law index, the porosity, and the clip location, is conducted to gain a comprehensive understanding of the system's nonlinear dynamics. Through the analysis of the first natural frequency, the study highlights the influence of the flow velocity and the clip stiffness, while the comparisons with metallic pipes emphasize the role of FGm composition. The examination of the forced response curves reveals saddle-node bifurcations and their dependence on parameters such as the detuning parameter and the power-law index, offering valuable insights into the system's nonlinear resonant behavior. Furthermore, the frequency-response curves illustrate the hardening nonlinearities influenced by factors such as the porosity and the clip stiffness, revealing nuanced effects on the system response and resonance characteristics. This comprehensive analysis enhances the understanding of nonlinear behaviors in FGm porous pipes with a retaining clip, providing key insights for practical engineering applications in system design and optimization.

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The sexually dimorphic expression of glutamate transporters and their implication in pain after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： Jennifer m.Colón-mercado Aranza I.Torrado-Tapias Iris K.Salgado Jose m.Santiago Samuel E.Ocasio Rivera Dina p.Bracho-Rincon Luis H.pagan Rivera Jorge D.miranda Department of physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National Institutes of Health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA Institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

In addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penumbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interplay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dimorphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutamate transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up-down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutamatergic transporters(excitatory amino acid transporter 1/glutamate aspartate transporter and excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter-1)revealed a sexual dimorphism in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression primarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain EAAT-1/GLAST EAAT-2/GLT-1 glutamate transporters selective estrogen receptor modulator sexual dimorphism spinal cord injury trauma

Neurogenesis dynamics in the olfactory bulb:deciphering circuitry organization, function, and adaptive plasticity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1565-1581页

作者： moawiah m.Naffaa Department of psychology and Neuroscience Duke UniversityDurhamNCUSA Department of Cell Biology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA

Adult neurogenesis persists after birth in the subventricular zone, with new neurons migrating to the granule cell layer and glomerular layers of the olfactory bulb, where they integrate into existing circuitry as inhibitory interneurons. The generation of these new neurons in the olfactory bulb supports both structural and functional plasticity, aiding in circuit remodeling triggered by memory and learning processes. However, the presence of these neurons, coupled with the cellular diversity within the olfactory bulb, presents an ongoing challenge in understanding its network organization and function. moreover,the continuous integration of new neurons in the olfactory bulb plays a pivotal role in regulating olfactory information processing. This adaptive process responds to changes in epithelial composition and contributes to the formation of olfactory memories by modulating cellular connectivity within the olfactory bulb and interacting intricately with higher-order brain regions. The role of adult neurogenesis in olfactory bulb functions remains a topic of debate. Nevertheless, the functionality of the olfactory bulb is intricately linked to the organization of granule cells around mitral and tufted cells. This organizational pattern significantly impacts output, network behavior, and synaptic plasticity, which are crucial for olfactory perception and memory. Additionally, this organization is further shaped by axon terminals originating from cortical and subcortical regions. Despite the crucial role of olfactory bulb in brain functions and behaviors related to olfaction, these complex and highly interconnected processes have not been comprehensively studied as a whole. Therefore, this manuscript aims to discuss our current understanding and explore how neural plasticity and olfactory neurogenesis contribute to enhancing the adaptability of the olfactory system. These mechanisms are thought to support olfactory learning and memory, potentially through increased

关键词： network adaptability neurogenesis neuronal communication olfactory bulb olfactory learning olfactory memory synaptic plasticity

mitochondria–cGAS–STING axis is a potential therapeutic target for senescence-dependent inflammaging-associated neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 805-807页

作者： Josém.Izquierdo Centro de Biología molecular Severo Ochoa(CBm) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid(CSIC-UAM)MadridSpain

The word “senescence” comes from the Latin senescens, meaning “to begin to age”, and is characterized by a long-lasting but reversible block in proliferation, resulting from stress-induced cell cycle arrest of pre... 详细信息

关键词： Latin potential lasting