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MOSFET-like CNFET based logic gate library for low-power application:a comparative study

Journal of Semiconductors 2014年第7期35卷 112-124页

作者： p.a.gowri sankar K.Udhayakumar Department of Electrical Engineering Anna University

The next generation oflogic gate devices are expected to depend upon radically new technologies mainly due to the increasing difficulties and limitations of existing CMOS technology. MOSFET like CNFETs should ideally be the best devices to work with for high-performance VLS1. This paper presents results of a comprehensive comparative study of MOSFET-like carbon nanotube field effect transistors （CNFETs） technology based logic gate library for high-speed, low-power operation than conventional bulk CMOS libraries. It focuses on comparing four promising logic families namely： complementary-CMOS （C-CMOS）, transmission gate （TG）, complementary pass logic （CpL） and Domino logic （DL） styles are presented. Based on these logic styles, the proposed library of static and dynamic NAND-NOR logic gates, XOR, multiplexer and full adder functions are implemented efficiently and carefully analyzed with a test bench to measure propagation delay and power dissipation as a function of supply voltage. This analysis provides the right choice of logic style for low-power, high-speed applications. proposed logic gates libraries are simulated using Synopsys HSpICE based on the standard 32 nm CNFET model. The simulation results demonstrate that, it is best to use C-CMOS logic style gates that are implemented in CNFET technology which are superior in performance compared to other logic styles, because of their low average powerdelay-product （pDp）. The analysis also demonstrates how the optimum supply voltage varies with logic styles in ultra-low power systems. The robustness of the proposed logic gate library is also compared with conventional and state-art of CMOS logic gate libraries.

关键词： CNFET digital integrated circuits logic gate design low-voltage low-power logic styles

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Development and validation of a high throughput UpLC–MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of esomeprazole,rabeprazole and levosulpiride in human plasma

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Journal of pharmaceutical Analysis 2016年第3期6卷 190-198页

作者： Raja Haranadha Babu Chunduri gowri sankar Dannana School of pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Kakinada 533003 Andhra Pradesh India A.U. College of pharmaceutical Sciences Andhra University Vishakapamam 530003 Andhra Pradesh. India

A high throughput ultra pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry （UpLC-MS/MS） method with good sensitivity and selectivity has been developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of esomeprazole, rabeprazole and levosulpiride in human plasma using lansoprazole as internal standard （IS）. The extraction method based on liquid-liquid extraction technique was used to extract the analytes and IS from of 50 μL of human plasma using methyl tert-butyl ether：ethyl acetate （80：20, v/v）, which offers a high recovery. Chromatographic separation of analytes and IS was achieved on a Hypersil gold C18 column using gradient mobile phase consisting of 2 mM ammonium formate/acetonitrile. The flow rate was set at 0.5 mL/min to elute all the analytes and IS within 1.00 min runtime. Detection of target compounds was performed on a triple quadruple mass spectrometer by multiple reaction monitoring （MRM） mode via positive electrospray ionization （ESI）. Method validation results demonstrated that the developed method has good precision and accuracy over the concentration ranges of 0.1-2000 ng/mL for each analyte. Stability of compounds was established in a battery of stability studies, i.e., bench top, autosampler, dry extract and long-term storage stability as well as freeze-thaw cycles. The validated method has been successfully applied to analyze human plasma samples for application in pharmaco- kinetic studies.

关键词： Esomeprazole Rabeprazole Levosulpiride UpLC-MS/MS pharmacokinetic studies

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L-asparaginase production by mangrove derived Bacillus cereus MAB5:optimization by response surface methodology

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Asian pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第6期4卷 486-491页

作者： Thenmozhi C sankar R Karuppiah V Sampathkumar p Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine Sciences Annamalai University Parangipettai-608 502Tamil NaduIndia

Objective:To isolate marine bacteria,statistically optimize them for maximum asparaginase ***:In the present study,statistically based experimental designs were applied to maximize the production of L-asparaginase from bacterial strain of Bacillus cereus（***） MAB5（HQ675025） isolated and identified by 16S rDNA sequencing from mangroves rhizosphere ***:plackett-Barman design was used to identify the interactive effect of the eight variables *** extract,soyabean meal,glucose,magnesium sulphate,KH2pO4,wood chips,aspargine and sodium *** the variables are denoted as numerical factors and investigated at two widely spaced intervals designated as -1（low level） and +1（high level）. The effect of individual parameters on L-asparaginase production was *** meal,aspargine,wood chips and sodium chloride were found to be the significant among eight *** maximum amount of L-asparaginase produced（51.54 IU/mL） from the optimized medium containing soyabean meal（6.282 8 g/L）,aspargine（5.5 g/L）,wood chips（1.383 8 g/L） and NaCl（4.535 4 g/L）.Conclusions:The study revealed that,it is useful to produce the maximum amount of L-asparaginase from *** MAB5 for the treatment of various infections and diseases.

关键词： L-asparaginase Bacillus cereus Mangroves plackett-Barman design Central Composite design

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Combinatorial effect of diclofenac with piperine and D-limonene on inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of breast cancer cells

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Asian pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2023年第2期13卷 80-92页

作者： Srivarshini sankar Gothandam Kodiveri Muthukaliannan School of Bio Sciences and Technology Vellore Institute of TechnologyVelloreTamil NaduIndia

Objective:To investigate the potential synergistic activity of diclofenac with piperine and D-limonene in inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in breast cancer MCF-7 ***:Molecular docking study was conducted to evaluate the binding affinity of diclofenac with piperine and D-limonene against p53,Bax,and *** MTT assay was used to determine IC50,and the Chou-Talay method was used to determine the synergistic concentration of the combination treatment of diclofenac plus piperine and diclofenac plus *** detection,cell cycle arrest,reactive oxygen species production,and mitochondrial membrane potential were also ***:Diclofenac,piperine,and D-limonene showed potent binding affinity for p53,Bax,and *** plus piperine and diclofenac plus D-limonene enhanced the formation of reactive oxygen species,which also had an effect on the mitochondrial membrane’s integrity and caused DNA *** plus piperine and diclofenac plus D-limonene arrested the cells in the sub-G0phase while drastically lowering the percentage of cells in the G2/M ***,the elevated apoptosis in the combined therapy was confirmed by annexin V/propidium iodide ***:The combined therapy prominently enhanced the antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on MCF-7 cells compared with treatment with diclofenac,piperine,and D-limonene alone.

关键词： Breast cancer Diclofenac sodium piperine D-limonene Reactive oxygen species Cell cycle arrest Apoptosis

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Chromium-induced membrane damage: protective role of ascorbic acid

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2001年第3期13卷 272-275页

作者： sankar Kumar Dey prasunpriya Nayak Somenath Roy Department of Human physiology with Community Health Vidyasagar UniversityMidnapore 721102West BengalIndia

Importance of chromium as environmental toxicant is largely due to impact on the body to produce cellular toxicity. The impact of chromium and their supplementation with ascorbic acid was studied on plasma membrane of liver and kidney in male Wistar rats (80-100g body weight). It has been observed that the intoxication with chromium (i.p.) at the dose of 0.8 mg/100g body weight per day for a period of 28 days causes significant increase in the level of cholesterol and decrease in the level of phospholipid of both liver and kidney. The alkaline phosphatase, total ATpase and Na\++\|K\++\|ATpase activities were significantly decreased in both liver and kidney after chromium treatment, except total ATpase activity of kidney. It is suggested that chromium exposure at the present dose and duration induce for the alterations of structure and function of both liver and kidney plasma membrane. Ascorbic acid (i.p. at the dose of 0.5 mg/100g body weight per day for period of 28 days) supplementation can reduce these structural changes in the plasma membrane of liver and kidney. But the functional changes can not be completely replenished by the ascorbic acid supplementation in response to chromium exposure. So it is also suggested that ascorbic acid (nutritional antioxidant) is useful free radical scavenger to restrain the chromium induced membrane damage.

关键词： chromium liver kidney membrane ascorbic acid

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Alpha-tocopherol supplementation on chromium toxicity: a study on rat liver and kidney cell membrane

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2003年第3期15卷 356-359页

作者： sankar Kumar Dey prasunpriya Nayak Somenath Roy Department of Human physiology with Community Health Vidyasagar UniversityDepartment of Human Physiology with Community Health Vidyasagar UniversityDepartment of Human Physiology with Community Health Vidyasagar University Midnapore-721 102 West Bengal IndiaMidnapore-721 102 West Bengal IndiaMidnapore-721 102 West Bengal India

Membrane damage is one of the important consequence of chromium, an environmental toxicant, to produce cytotoxicity. α-tocopherol, a membrane protectant can be used to reduce the chromium-induced membrane damage. In the present study, the impact of chromium in presence and absence of α-tocopherol was studied on plasma membrane of liver and kidney in male Wistar rats (80—100 g body weight). Significant increase in membrane cholesterol level as well as significant decrease in membrane phospholipid level in chromium exposed ( 0.8 mg /100 g body weight/d, i.p., for 4 weeks) animals suggest structural alteration of both liver and kidney plasma memebrane. The alkaline phosphatase, total ATpase and Na +-K +-ATpase activities of plasma membrane were significantly decreased in both liver and kidney after chromium treatment. However, α-tocopherol (30 mg/100 g diet) supplementation can restrict the changes in these membrane-bound enzyme activities. Thus, the usefulness of dietary supplementation of α-tocopherol to restrain the chromium-induced membrane damage is suggested.

关键词： chromium liver kidney membrane α-tocopherol

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Influence of quenching medium on the dendrite morphology,hardness,and tribological behaviour of cast Cu-Ni-Sn spinodal alloy for defence application

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2023年第12期30卷 83-100页

作者： Bipin sankar Karthik V Shankar Vamu Sunil Hemanth Kashyap S Nikhil Nair Adarsh A.Nair Abhinav p M Department of Mechanical Engineering Amrita Vishwa VidyapeethamAmritapuriIndia

Cu-Ni-Sn spinodal alloys(Spinodal bronze)are potential materials with robust applications in components associated with defence applications like bearings,propellers,bushes,and shafts of heavily loaded aircraft,off-road vehicles,and *** paper presents a comparative study using water,Brine solution,and SAE 40 oil as the quenching media in regular bronze(Cu-6Sn)and spinodal bronze(Cu-9Ni-6Sn)*** analysis was conducted by optical microscopy,transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and X-ray diffraction technique(XRD)on bronze and spinodal bronze samples immersed in the three different quenching media to understand the grain size and hardness values *** analysis was performed to analyze the effect of quenching media on the wear aspects of bronze and spinodal bronze *** hardness value of the brine-aged spinodal bronze samples was as high as 320 Hv,and the grain size was very low in the range of 60μm.A quantitative comparison between brine-aged regular bronze and brine-aged spinodal bronze showed that the hardness(Hv)was almost 80%higher for brine-aged spinodal ***,the grain size was approximately 30%finer for spinodal bronze when compared with regular *** the load was increased in spinodal bronze samples,there was an initial dip in wear rate followed by a marginal *** was a steady increase in friction coefficient with a rise in load for brine-aged regular bronze and spinodal bronze *** results indicate that brine solution is the most effective quenching medium for cast Cu-Ni-Sn spinodal alloys.

关键词： Quenching Water Brine SAE 40 oil Grain size Hardness Wear rate Spinodal decomposition CuSn Spinodal alloy CuNiSn

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Secure and Energy Concise Route Revamp Technique in Wireless Sensor Networks

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第2期35卷 2337-2351页

作者： S.M.Udhaya sankar Mary Subaja Christo p.S.Uma priyadarsini Department of Information Technology Velammal Institute of TechnologyChennai601204India Department of Networking and Communication SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur603203India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennai600124India

Energy conservation has become a signiﬁcant consideration in wireless sensor networks(WSN).In the sensor network,the sensor nodes have internal batteries,and as a result,they expire after a certain *** a result,expanding the life duration of sensing devices by improving data depletion in an effective and sustainable energy-efﬁcient way remains a ***,the clustering strategy employs to enhance or extend the life cycle of *** identify the supervisory head node(SH)or cluster head(CH)in every grouping considered the feasible strategy for power-saving route discovery in the clustering model,which diminishes the communication overhead in the ***,the critical issue was determining the best SH for ensuring timely communication *** secure and energy concise route revamp technology(SECRET)protocol involves selecting an energy-concise cluster head(ECH)and route revamping to optimize *** sensors transmit information over the ECH,which delivers the information to the base station via the determined optimal path using our strategy for effective data *** modeled our methods to accom-plish power-efﬁcient multi-hop ***,protected navigation helps to preserve energy when *** suggested solution improves energy savings,packet delivery ratio(pDR),route latency(RL),network lifetime(NL),and scalability.

关键词： Wireless sensor network wireless security wireless routing clustering ad hoc network

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First record of three giant marine Bathynomids(Crustacea,Isopoda,Cirolanidae) from India

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2011年第1期30卷 113-117页

作者： sankar R Rajkumar M SUN Jun Gopalakrishnan A Vasanthan T M Ananthan G Trilles J p Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Annamalai University Parangipettai 608502 India Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Equipe Adaptation Ecophysiologique et Ontogenese Universit6 de Montpellier II Montpellier34095 France

Three species, Bathynomus decemspinosus, B. doederleini and B. kensleyi （Crustacea, Isopoda, Cirolanidae）, are reported for the first time from the parangipettai coastal waters, Southeast coast of India. Several Trilasmis （Temnaspis） tridens （Cirripedia Thoracica, Lepadomorpha） were attached to the pleopods of some individuals. So, five bathynomid species are currently reported from India.

关键词： giant marine isopods Bathynomus first record India

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A Novel Convolutional Neural Networks Based Spinach Classification and Recognition System

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第10期73卷 343-361页

作者： sankar Sennan Digvijay pandey Youseef Alotaibi Saleh Alghamdi Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sona College of TechnologySalem636005India Department of Technical Education Department of Electronics EngineeringInstitute of Engineering and TechnologyDr.A.P.J.Abdul Kalam Technical UniversityLucknowIndia Department of Computer Science College of Computer and Information SystemsUmm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information TechnologyTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia

In the present scenario,Deep Learning(DL)is one of the most popular research algorithms to increase the accuracy of data *** to intra-class differences and inter-class variation,image classification is one of the most difficult jobs in image *** or spinach recognition or classification is one of the deep learning applications through its *** is more critical for human skin,bone,and hair,*** provides vitamins,iron,minerals,and *** is beneficial for diet and is readily available in people’s *** researchers have proposed various machine learning and deep learning algorithms to classify plant images more accurately in recent *** paper presents a novel Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)to recognize spinach more *** proposed CNN architecture classifies the spinach category,namely Amaranth leaves,Black nightshade,Curry leaves,and Drumstick *** dataset contains 400 images with four classes,and each type has 100 *** images were captured from the agricultural land located at Thirumanur,Salem district,Tamil *** proposed CNN achieves 97.5%classification *** addition,the performance of the proposed CNN is compared with Support Vector Machine(SVM),Random Forest,Visual Geometry Group 16(VGG16),Visual Geometry Group 19(VGG19)and Residual Network 50(ResNet50).The proposed provides superior performance than other models,namely SVM,Random Forest,VGG16,VGG19 and ResNet50.

关键词： Accuracy convolutional deep learning plant neural networks spinach

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