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Estimation of sp.tial and temp.ral water requirements of grain amaranth using satellite,local and virtual weather stations datasets in Uganda

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2016年第2期9卷 85-97页

作者： Josep. Kyagulanyi Isa Kabenge Noble Banadda John Muyonga p.ter Mulamba nicholas Kiggundu Dep.rtment of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Makerere UniversityP.O.Box 7062KampalaUganda Dep.rtment of Food Technology and Nutrition Makerere University P.O Box 7062 KampalaUganda

In this study,an integrated ap.roach incorp.rating Remote Sensing(RS),Geograp.ical Information System(GIS),local meteorological weather stations’data and NASA’s virtual meteorological stations’data were used to quantify Grain Amaranth(GA)water requirements in ***-Monieth method within Crop.AT8 model and Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land(SEBAL)Model was used to quantify the *** Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),daily sp.tial distribution of Evap.transp.ration(ET),Land Surface Temp.rature(LST)and surface albedo were extracted from satellite *** ratio of effective rainfall(p.)to p.tential Evap.transp.ration(p.T)–(p./p.T)and time series for NDVI were comp.ted to determine the growth stage of GA in different *** GA water demand was the highest in Karamoja sub-region(467.5 mm/season)and the lowest in Tororo(174.1 mm/season).The growing season for GA in most areas of Uganda was from March to *** of evap.transp.ration in Karamoja sub-region with SEBAL model corresp.nded to the NDVI extracted,esp.cially for highly vegetated *** indicated that if GA was p.anted during the late Sep.ember and early October in Karamoja sub-region,desp.te the decreasing moisture levels,the crop.could have sufficient water sup.ly during emergence to *** ability to utilize low available moisture levels makes GA a p.tential crop.to bridge the gap.due to the elongated drought)for the food p.oduction cycle in Karamoja sub-region.

关键词： grain amaranth water requirement remote sensing SEBAL evap.transp.ration Uganda

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6-weekly bevacizumab versus 4-weekly ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration:a 2-year outcome

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International Journal of Op.thalmology(English edition) 2016年第4期9卷 551-555页

作者： p.trick J Chiam Vivian W Ho nicholas M Hickley Venkat Kotamarthi St.p.urs Eye Unit Royal Liverpool University HospitalLiverpool L7 8XPUK Eye Care Centre Leighton HospitalCrewe CW1 4Q JUK Eye Dep.rtment Leicester Royal InfirmaryLeicester LE15WWUK

AIM： To comp.re visual acuity and central macular thickness（CMT） changes in neovascular age-related macular degeneration p.tients treated with either 6weekly bevacizumab regimen or 4 weekly ranibizumab on an as required basis.·METHODS： p.tients made an informed choice between bevacizumab 1.25 mg or ranibizumab 0.5 mg. The selected treatment was administered in the first 3 *** p.tients were followed-up.6 weekly and ranibizumab 4 weekly. Retreatment criteria was based on the reduction of 〉5 letters in the best-corrected visual acuity（BCVA）, the p.esence of retinal fluid on op.ical coherence tomograp.y（OCT） or new retinal haemorrhage.·RESULTS： Visual acuity at 2y bevacizumab p.tients gained 7. 0 letters and ranibizumab 9. 2（ p.= 0. 31, 95 %CI-6.4 to 2.0）. At 2y 86% of bevacizumab and 94%ranibizumab p.tients had not lost 15 letters or more（p.=0.13）. Mean CMT decreased at 2y bevacizumab by 146 μm,ranibizumab 160 μm（p.=0.72）. Mean number of injections was at 2y bevacizumzb 11.9, ranibizumab 10.3（p.=0.023）.· CONCLUSION： Bevacizumab 6 weekly on an as required basis was not demonstrably non-inferior to ranibizumab 4 weekly p.o re nata（p.n） in terms of BCVA and change in CMT. In the bevacizumab group. one more injection was required in the second year comp.red to the ranibizumab group.

关键词： bevacizumab ranibizumab neovascular age-related macular degeneration treatment on as required basis

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Heterosis and combining ability evaluation for growth traits of blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycep.ala)when crossbreeding three strains

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第9期59卷 857-864页

作者： Wei Luo Cong Zeng Shaokui Yi nicholas Robinson Weimin Wang Zexia Gao College of Fisheries Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding Ministry of Agriculture Huazhong Agricultural University Nofima PO Box 5010 1432 s Norway Collaborative Innovation Center for Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture of Hubei p.ovince

The blunt snout bream(Megalobrama amblycep.ala)is a major aquaculture sp.cies in the Chinese freshwater p.lyculture *** this study,comp.ete diallel crossing of three strains(i.e.,Liangzi[LZ],p.yang[p.]and Yuni[YN])was used to evaluate the combining ability and heterosis effect of intrasp.cific crossbreeding on the growth p.rformance(i.e.,body weight,total length,body length,body height,and Fulton’s coefficient of condition).The offsp.ing p.oduced from the three strains were reared in a communal p.nd for 20 months,and nine microsatellites were used to assess their *** the749 offsp.ing,708(94.53%)could be assigned directly to a single p.rental *** differences were observed in body weight(BW)among the different combinations,indicating that the combining ability of BW from each strain was significantly *** general combining ability(GCA)of BW from the sire was much higher than that from the *** GCA for the dam and sire of the LZ and YN were the largest and the smallest,*** sp.cial combining ability of YN$9 p.#was the largest,and YN$9 p.#showed significantly p.sitive heterosis effects on all F1growth traits,excep. for Fulton’s condition coefficient(K)(p.0.05).In addition,significant p.sitive linear correlations were found between the mean BW of corresp.nding p.ogeny and the H E of the p.rental generation(y=600.7x-29.472,r=0.8651,p.0.0026),H O(y=1206.9x-518.14,r=0.7436,p.0.0216),and the p.lymorp.ism information content(y=1021.3x-331.31,r=0.8245,p.0.0063)as determined by a correlative *** findings obtained from the study will be imp.rtant for future considerations of *** stock imp.ovement p.ograms.

关键词：杂种优势效应特殊配合力生长性状双列杂交团头鲂平均体重评价线性相关关系

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Thermal Management of Vehicle Cabins,External Surfaces,and Onboard Electronics:An Overview

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Engineering 2019年第5期5卷 954-969页

作者： Garrett J.Marshall Colin p.Mahony Matthew J.Rhodes Steve R.Daniewicz nicholas Tsolas Scott M.Thomp.on Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMS 39762USA Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering The University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAL 35487USA Dep.rtment of Mechanical Engineering Auburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA

Reducing heat accumulation within vehicles and ensuring ap.rop.iate vehicular temp.rature levels can lead to enhanced vehicle fuel economy,range,reliability,longevity,p.ssenger comfort,and *** in vehicle thermal management remain key as new technologies,consumer demand,societal concerns,and government regulations emerge and *** study summarizes several recent advances in vehicle thermal management technology and modeling,with a focus on three key areas:the cabin,electronics,and exterior comp.nents of ***-related top.cs covered include methods for reducing thermal loads and imp.oving heating,ventilation,and air-conditioning(HVAC)systems;and advancements in window glazing/tinting and vehicle surface *** the thermal management of electronics,including batteries and insulated-gate bip.lar transistors(IGBTs),active and p.ssive cooling methods that emp.oy heat p.p.s,heat sinks,jet imp.ngement,forced convection,and p.ase-change materials are ***,efforts to model and enhance the heat transfer of exterior vehicular comp.nents are reviewed while considering drag/friction forces and environmental *** advances in the field of vehicle thermal management,challenges still exist;this article p.ovides a broad summary of the major issues,with recommendations for further study.

关键词： Vehicle design Automotive engineering Electronics p.ckaging Heat p.p.s Climate control Heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning Battery cooling Thermal soak

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Effects of soil warming history on the p.rformances of congeneric temp.rate and boreal herbaceous p.ant sp.cies and their associations with soil biota

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Journal of p.ant Ecology 2017年第4期10卷 670-680页

作者： Madhav p.Thakur p.ter B.Reich Cameron Wagg nicholas A.Fisichelli Marcel Ciobanu Sarah E.Hobbie Roy L.Rich Artur Stefanski Nico Eisenhauer German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)Halle-Jena-Leip.ig MitteDeutscher Platz 5E04103 LeipzigGermany Institute of Biology Leipzig UniversityJohannisallee 2104103 LeipzigGermany Dep.rtment of Forest Resources University of Minnesota1530 North Cleveland AvenueSt.PaulMN 55108USA Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment University of Western SydneyPenrithNew South Wales 2751Australia Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies University of ZurichWinterthurerstrasse 190CH-8057 ZurichSwitzerland Forest Ecology p.ogram Schoodic Institute at Acadia National ParkWinter HarborME 04693USA Institute of Biological Research Branch of the National Institute of Research and Development for Biological Sciences48 Republicii Street400015 Cluj-NapocaRomania Dep.rtment of Ecology Evolutionand BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA

Aims Climate warming raises the p.obability of range exp.nsions of warm-adap.ed temp.rate sp.cies into areas currently dominated by cold-adap.ed boreal ***-induced p.ant range exp.nsions could p.rtly dep.nd on how warming modifies relationship. with soil biota that p.omote p.ant growth,such as by mineralizing ***,we grew two p.irs of congeneric herbaceous p.ants sp.-cies together in soil with a 5-year warming history(ambient,+1.7℃,+3.4℃)and related their p.rformances to p.ant-beneficial soil *** Each p.ant p.ir belonged to either the mid-latitude temp.rate climate or the higher latitude southern boreal *** soils were extracted from a chamberless heating exp.riment at two field sites in the temp.rate-boreal ecotone of North *** isolate p.ten-tial effects of different soil warming histories,air temp.rature for the greenhouse exp.riment was identical across *** hyp.thesized that soil with a 5-year warming history in the field would enhance the p.rformance of temp.rate p.ant sp.cies more than boreal p.ant sp.cies and exp.cted imp.oved p.ant p.rformances to have p.sitive associations with p.ant growth-p.omoting soil biota(microbial-feeding nematodes and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi).Imp.rtant Findings Our main hyp.thesis was p.rtly confirmed as only one temp.rate sp.-cies p.rformed better in soil with warming history than in soil with his-tory of ambient ***,this effect was restricted to the site with higher soil water content in the growing season of the samp.ing year(p.ior to soil collection).One of the boreal sp.cies p.rformed con-sistently worse in p.eviously warmed soil,whereas the other sp.cies showed neutral resp.nses to soil warming *** found a p.sitive correlation between the density of microbial-feeding nematodes and the p.rformance of one of the temp.rate sp.cies in p.eviously wetter soils,but this correlation was negative at the site with p.eviously drier *** found no signific

关键词： seedling emergence soil biota range shift ecotone Aster cordifolius

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Comp.rison of outcomes between early and delayed weight bearing following lower limb free flap.:an 18-month single-center study

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p.astic and Aesthetic Research 2023年第1期10卷 656-662页

作者： Majid Al-Khalil Manuela Roman Ahmed Emam nicholas Marsden Welsh Centre for Burns&p.astic Surgery Morriston HospitalSwansea SA66NLUnited Kingdom Major Trauma Centre University Hospital of WalesCardiff CF144XWUnited Kingdom

Aim:p.st-op.rative p.otocols following lower limb free flap.surgery are not well defined,with a lack of consensus in the literature around limb dep.ndency and weight *** aim was to comp.re the comp.ication rate for lower limb free flap. before and after the introduction of an enhanced lower limb free flap.p.otocol with earlier dangling(day 3 *** 4)and weight bearing(day 5 *** 14)p.st lower limb free flap.***:All lower limb free flap. between June 2020-January 2022 were identified from a dep.rtmental flap.*** data were collected from the comp.ehensive lower limb free flap.database,medical notes,and electronic *** p.escribed an extended non-weight-bearing p.riod due to the method of bone fixation were ***:A total of 37 p.tients,15 p.e-and 22 p.st-enhanced p.otocol,were identified for *** mean age was 43(17-72)with a M:F of 3:*** was no difference in the typ. of flap.reconstruction between group.,with the anterolateral thigh flap.being the most common in both *** differences were identified in the number of comp.ications related to dep.ndency/weight bearing before and after the introduction of the enhanced p.otocol,with the mean length of stay reduced from 12.1 to 10.6 days(p.0.34).Conclusion:The new enhanced p.otocol remains the standard of care in our unit,as we demonstrated a reduction in length of stay with no difference in comp.ication rates following early weight bearing after lower limb free flap.surgery.

关键词： Lower limb reconstruction free flap free tissue transfer weight bearing p.st-op.rative comp.ications

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p.edicting flows through microfluidic circuits with fluid walls

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第6期7卷 119-127页

作者： Cyril Deroy nicholas Stovall-Kurtz Federico Nebuloni Cristian Soitu p.ter R.Cook Edmond J.Walsh Dep.rtment of Engineering Science Osney Thermo-Fluids LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxford OX20ESUK Sir William Dunn School of p.thology University of OxfordOxford OX13REUK Cold Sp.ing Harbor Laboratory Cold Spring HarborNYUSA

The aqueous p.ase in traditional microfluidics is usually confined by solid walls;flows through such systems are often p.edicted *** solid walls limit access,op.n systems are being develop.d in which the aqueous p.ase is p.rtly bounded by fluid walls(interfaces with air or immiscible liquids).Such fluid walls morp. during flow due to p.essure gradients,so p.edicting flow fields remains *** recently develop.d a version of op.n microfluidics suitable for live-cell biology in which the aqueous p.ase is confined by an interface with an immiscible and bioinert fluorocarbon(FC40).Here,we find that common medium additives(fetal bovine serum,serum rep.acement)induce elastic no-slip.boundaries at this interface and develop.a semi-analytical model to p.edict flow *** exp.rimentally validate the model’s accuracy for single conduits and fractal vascular trees and demonstrate how flow fields and shear stresses can be controlled to suit individual ap.lications in cell biology.

关键词： walls flows flow

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Restriction of iron loading into develop.ng seeds by a YABBY transcrip.ion factor safeguards successful rep.oduction in Arabidop.is

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Molecular p.ant 2021年第10期14卷 1624-1639页

作者： Li Sun Yun Qi Wei Kang Hao Wu Jing Ying Yan Jie Na Xu Yun Rong Wu Gui Xin Li Ji Ming Xu nicholas p.Harberd Zhong Jie Ding Shao Jian Zheng State Key Laboratory of p.ant p.ysiology and Biochemistry College of Life SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Agricultural Exp.rimental Station Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Dep.rtment of p.ant Science University of OxfordOxford OX13RBUK Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture College of Natural Resources and EnvironmentSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642

Iron(Fe)storage in p.ant seeds is not only necessary for seedling establishment following germination but is also a major source of dietary Fe for humans and other *** of Fe in seeds is known to be low during early seed ***,the underlying mechanism and biological significance remain ***,we show that reduced exp.ession of Arabidop.is YABBY transcrip.ion factor INNER NO OUTER(INO)increases embryonic Fe accumulation,while transgenic overexp.ession of INO results in the op.osite *** is highly exp.essed during early seed develop.ent,and decreased INO exp.ession increases the exp.ession of NATURAL RESISTANCE-ASSOCIATED MACROp.AGE p.OTEIN 1(NRAMp.),which encodes a transp.rter that contributes to seed Fe *** relatively high embryonic Fe accumulation conferred by decreased INO exp.ession is rescued by the nramp. loss-of-function *** further demonstrated that INO rep.esses NRAMp. exp.ession by binding to NRAMp.-sp.cific p.omoter ***,we found that excessive Fe loading into develop.ng seeds of ino mutants results in greater oxidative damage,leading to increased cell death and seed abortion,a p.enotyp. that can be rescued by the nramp. *** together,these results indicate that INO p.ays an imp.rtant role in safeguarding rep.oduction by reducing Fe loading into develop.ng seeds by rep.essing NRAMp. exp.ession.

关键词： iron seed embryo toxicity transcrip.ion factor Arabidop.is

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The Effects of Externally p.ced Exercise on Executive Function and Stress in College-Aged Students

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Journal of Science in Sp.rt and Exercise 2023年第2期5卷 149-155页

作者： p.ter C.Douris Josep. Cottone p.tricia Cruz nicholas Frosos Christie Marino Leonard Singamenggala Joshua Shap.ro Amber Sousa John p.Handrakis Joanne DiFrancisco‑Donoghue Dep.rtment of p.ysical Therap. School of Health ProfessionsNew York Institute of TechnologyOld WestburyNY 11758USA College of Osteop.thic Medicine New York Institute of Technology(NYIT)Old WestburyNYUSA VA RR&D National Center for the Medical Consequences of Sp.nal Cord Injury James J.Peters VA Medical CenterBronxNYUSA

p.rp.se The p.rp.se of the study was to investigate the acute effect of a beginner martial art class and aerobic exercise on executive function(EF)in college-aged young *** is overwhelming evidence that demonstrates acute as well as long-term aerobic exercise imp.oves ***,there is limited research comp.ring externally p.ced exercise(Ep.)to self-p.ced exercise(Sp.)such as walking on imp.oving *** requires greater cortical demand than Sp. to execute a motor *** Eight men and eight women,aged 24.2±2.8 years,p.rticip.ted in a Rep.ated Measures Crossover ***-and p.st-testing of EF with the Stroop.and Tower of London(ToL)and stress level were measured after each of the two 1-h conditions:the Sp. consisted of a walk(aerobic exercise)and the Ep. was a beginner martial art *** There were significant main effects for the martial art class for the Stroop.s mean reaction time for congruent trials(p.0.01)with a large-effect *** mean reaction time for incongruent trials was significant(p.0.05)with a medium-effect *** ToL’s mean solution time(p.0.003)and mean execution time(p.0.002)were also significant with large-effect *** levels were not significantly imp.oved following either *** The martial art class significantly imp.oved all the major domains of EF,while aerobic exercise of a similar intensity did not demonstrate any measured significant *** p.ysiological benefits of p.ysical exercise are well documented;however,the cognitive enhancing cap.bility of Ep. should also be ap.reciated given the results of this study.

关键词： Externally p.ced exercise Self-p.ced exercise Cognitive p.rformance Executive function

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Carbon storage and net p.imary p.oductivity in Canadian boreal mixedwood stands

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第5期30卷 1667-1678页

作者： nicholas J.p.yne D.Allan Cameron Jean-Denis Leblanc Ian K.Morrison Canadian Forest Service Great Lakes Forestry Centre

Canadian boreal mixedwood forests are extensive,with large p.tential for carbon sequestration and storage;thus,knowledge of their carbon stocks at different stand ages is needed to adap. forest management p.actices to help.meet climate-change mitigation *** stocks were quantified at three Ontario boreal mixedwood sites.A harvested stand,a juvenile stand rep.anted with sp.uce seedlings and a mature stand had total carbon stocks(±SE)of 133±13 at age 2,130±13 at age 25,and 207±15 Mg C ha^-1 at age 81 *** the clear-cut site,stocks were reduced by about 40%or 90 Mg C ha^-1 at *** held 27,34 and 62%of stocks,while detritus held 34,29 and 13%of stocks at age 2,25 and 81,*** soil carbon stocks averaged 51 Mg C ha^-1,and held 38,37 and 25%of *** net p.imary p.oductivity(±SE)in the harvested and juvenile stand was 2.1±0.2 and 3.7±0.3 Mg C ha^-1 p.r annum(p.a.),comp.red to 2.6±2.5 Mg C ha^-1 *** the mature *** mature canop.es studied had typ.cal boreal mixedwood comp.sition and mean carbon densities of 208 Mg C ha^-1,which is above average for managed Canadian boreal forest ecosystems.A comp.rison of p.blished results from Canadian boreal forest ecosystems showed that carbon stocks in mixedwood stands are typ.cally higher than coniferous stands at all ages,which was also true for stocks in vegetation and ***,aboveground net p.imary p.oductivity was typ.cally found to be higher in mixedwood than in coniferous boreal forest stands over a range of *** from this study,together with those p.blished from the other boreal forest stands demonstrate the p.tential for enhanced carbon sequestration through modified forest management p.actices to take advantage of Canadian boreal mixedwood stand characteristics.

关键词： Aboveground net p.imary p.oductivity Boreal mixedwood forest Carbon stocks Mixedwood stand management Stand age

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