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Instance Segmentation of Characters Recognized in Palmyrene Aramaic Inscriptions

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2869-2889页

作者： Adéla Hamplová Alexey Lyavdansky TomášNovák ondrej Svojše David Franc Arnošt Veselý Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague(CULS) Faculty of Economics and ManagementDepartment of Information EngineeringPrague16500Czech Republic National Research University Higher School of Economics(HSE) Faculty of HumanitiesInstitute for Oriental and Classical StudiesMoscow101000The Russian Federation

This study presents a single-class and multi-class instance segmentation approach applied to ancient Palmyrene inscriptions,employing two state-of-the-art deep learning algorithms,namely YOLOv8 and Roboflow *** goal is to contribute to the preservation and understanding of historical texts,showcasing the potential of modern deep learning methods in archaeological *** research culminates in several key findings and scientific *** comprehensively compare the performance of YOLOv8 and Roboflow 3.0 in the context of Palmyrene character segmentation—this comparative analysis mainly focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of each algorithm in this *** also created and annotated an extensive dataset of Palmyrene inscriptions,a crucial resource for further research in the *** dataset serves for training and evaluating the segmentation *** employ comparative evaluation metrics to quantitatively assess the segmentation results,ensuring the reliability and reproducibility of our findings and we present custom visualization tools for predicted segmentation *** study advances the state of the art in semi-automatic reading of Palmyrene inscriptions and establishes a benchmark for future *** availability of the Palmyrene dataset and the insights into algorithm performance contribute to the broader understanding of historical text analysis.

关键词： Optical character recognition instance segmentation Palmyrene ancient languages computer vision

Histopathological assessment of the microscopic activity in inflammatory bowel diseases:What are we looking for?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第36期28卷 5300-5312页

作者： ondrej Fabian Lukas Bajer Clinical and Transplant Pathology Centre Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague 14021Czech Republic Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine 3rd Faculty of MedicineCharles University and Thomayer HospitalPrague 14059Czech Republic Hepatogastroenterology Department Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague 14021Czech Republic Institute of Microbiology Czech Academy of SciencesPrague 14220Czech Republic

Advances in diagnostics of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)and improved treatment strategies allowed the establishment of new therapeutic ***,it is desirable not only to cease clinical symptoms,but mainly to achieve endoscopic remission,a macroscopic normalization of the bowel ***,up to one-third of IBD patients in remission exhibit persisting microscopic activity of the *** evidence suggests a better predictive value of histology for the development of clinical complications such as clinical relapse,surgical intervention,need for therapy escalation,or development of colorectal *** proper assessment of microscopic inflammatory activity thus became an important part of the overall histopathological evaluation of colonic biopsies and many histopathological scoring indices have been ***,a majority of them have not been validated and no scoring index became a part of the routine bioptic *** review summarizes a predictive value of microscopic disease activity assessment for the subsequent clinical course of IBD,describes the most commonly used scoring indices for Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis,and comments on current limitations and unresolved issues.

关键词： Crohn’s disease Microscopy Predictor Score Ulcerative colitis

Influences of Lower-Mantle Properties on the Formation of Asthenosphere in Oceanic Upper Mantle

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Journal of Earth Science 2011年第2期22卷 143-154页

作者： David A Yuen Nicola Tosi ondrej adek Department of Geology and Geophysics and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55415USA Department of Planetary Physics Institute of Planetary ResearchGerman Aerospace Center(DLR)BerlinGermany Department of Geophysics Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic

Asthenosphere is a venerable concept based on geological intuition of Reginald Daly nearly 100 years ago. There have been various explanations for the existence of the asthenosphere. The concept of a plume-fed asthenosphere has been around for a few years due to the ideas put forth by Yamamoto et al.. Using a two-dimensional Cartesian code based on finite-volume method, we have investigated the influences of lower-mantle physical properties on the formation of a low-viscosity zone in the oceanic upper mantle in regions close to a large mantle upwelUng. The rheological law is Newtonian and depends on both temperature and depth. An extended-Boussinesq model is assumed for the energetics and the olivine to spinel, the spinel to perovskite and perovskite to post-perovskite （ppv） phase transitions are considered. We have compared the differences in the behavior of hot upweilings passing through the transition zone in the mid-mantle for a variety of models, starting with constant physical properties in the lower-mantle and culminating with complex models which have the post-perovskite phase transition and depth-dependent coefficient of thermal expansion and thermal conductivity. We found that the formation of the asthenosphere in the upper mantle in the vicinity of large upwellings is facilitated in models where both depth-dependent thermal expansivity and conductivity are included. Models with constant thermal expansivity and thermal conductivity do not produce a hot low-viscosity zone, resembling the asthenosphere. We have also studied the influences of a cylindrical model and found similar results as the Cartesian model with the important difference that upper-mantle temperatures were much cooler than the Cartesian model by about 600 to 700 K. Our findings argue for the potentially important role played by lower-mantle material properties on the development of a plume-fed asthenosphere in the oceanic upper mantle.

关键词： oceanic asthenosphere lower mantle thermal expansivity thermal conductivity phase transition.

Behavioral predictability in a lynx spider is interactively influenced by mean behavior, prey density,and an insecticide

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Current Zoology 2018年第6期64卷 713-720页

作者： Radek MICHALKO ondrej KOSULIC Thitiya PUNG Patchanee VICHITBANDHA Department of Forest Ecology Faculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoZemedelska 3Brno61300Czech Republic Department of Forest Protection and Wildlife Management Faculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoZemedelska 3Brno61300Czech Republic Department of Chemistry Kasetsart UniversityKamphaeng SaenNakhon Pathom73140Thailand Department of Science Faculty of Liberal Arts and ScienceKasetsart UniversityKamphaeng SaenNakhon Pathom73140Thailand

Behavioral predictability,i.e.,short-term intra-individual variability under relatively constant environmental conditions,has only recently begun to gain *** is unknown,however,whether predictability of individuals with distinct mean behavior changes differently as a response to ecological factors such as resource ***,the response might be affected by anthropogenic contaminants that are ubiquitous in the environment and that can affect animals' variability in ***,we investigated the relationship between mean predatory activity and predictability in predatory activity along a prey density gradient in the lynx spider Oxyopes *** further examined how this relationship is influenced by insecticides,azadirachtin,and a plant extract from Embelia *** found that all studied variables affected the *** the control and Embelia treatments,that did not differ significantly,the predictability decreased with increasing prey density in a mean behavior-specific *** with low mean predatory activity were relatively less predictable than were those with high activity from low to moderate prey densities but more predictable at high prey *** altered this pattern and the individuals with low predatory activity were less predictable than were those with high predatory activity along the whole gradient of prey *** results show that predictability can change along an environmental gradient depending on a mean *** relative predictability of the individuals with distinct mean behavior can depend on the value of the environmental gradient. In addition,this relationship can be affected by anthropogenic contaminants such as pesticides.

关键词： azadirachtin environmental gradient intra-individual variability pesticide resource availability

E-beam manipulation of Si atoms on graphene edges with an aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope

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Nano Research 2018年第12期11卷 6217-6226页

作者： ondrej Dyck Songkil Kim Sergei V.Kalinin Stephen Jesse Center for Nanophase Materials Science Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37830USA Institute for Functional Imaging of Materials Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37830USA School of Mechanical Engineering Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea

The burgeoning field of atomic-level material control holds great promise for future breakthroughs in quantum and memristive device manufacture and fundamental studies of atomic-scale chemistry. Realization of atom-by-atom control of matter represents a complex and ongoing challenge. Here, we explore the feasibility of controllable motion of dopant Si atoms at the edges of graphene via the sub-atomically focused electron beam in a scanning transmission electron microscope. We demonstrate that the graphene edges can be cleaned of Si atoms and then subsequently replenished from nearby source material. It is also shown how Si edge atoms may be “pushed” from the edge of a small hole into the bulk of the graphene lattice and from the bulk of the lattice back to the edge. This is accomplished through sputtering of the edge of the graphene lattice to bury or uncover Si dopant atoms. Finally, we demonstrate e-beam mediated hole healing and incorporation of dopant atoms. These experiments form an initial step toward general atomic-scale material control.

关键词： atomic manipulation graphene scanning transmission electron microscopy edge passivation silicon dopant electron beam dynamics

Development of new classes of plasmon active nano-structures and their application in bio-sensing and energy guiding

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Frontiers of physics 2014年第5期9卷 652-664页

作者： ondrej Stranik Jacqueline Jatschka Andrea Csaki Wolfgang Fritzsche Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena 07745 Germany

Metal nanostructures exhibit special optical resonance modes originating fronl tile subwavelengt.h confinement of conductive electrons in the material. These resonance modes represent a strong research focus due to their application potential in optics and sensing application, in this short review recent achievements of our group in this field are highlighted. A wet-chemistry approach synthesis of advanced metallic nanostruetures will be introduced and their exact positioning and manipulation by electric field is shown. Next. the application of these nanostructures for a detection of small molecules will be described in several examples. Also, it will be shown that inetal nanostruetures can be used for sub-wavelength light focusing and for efficient energy coupling into polymer chains.

关键词： plasmonics sensing nanostructures fabrication energy guiding

Morphological aspects of small-duct cholangiopathies:A minireview

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第4期15卷 538-553页

作者： Eva Sticova ondrej Fabian Clinical and Transplant Pathology Centre Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague 14021Czech Republic Department of Pathology The Third Faculty of MedicineCharles University and University Hospital Kralovske VinohradyPrague 10000Czech Republic Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine The Third faculty of MedicineCharles University and Thomayer University HospitalPrague 14059Czech Republic

The biliary system consists of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts lined by biliary epithelial cells(cholangiocytes).Bile ducts and cholangiocytes are affected by a variety of disorders called cholangiopathies,which differ in aetiology,pathogenesis,and *** of cholangiopathies is complex and reflects pathogenic mechanisms(immune-mediated,genetic,drug-and toxininduced,ischaemic,infectious,neoplastic),predominant morphological patterns of biliary injury(suppurative and non-suppurative cholangitis,cholangiopathy),and specific segments of the biliary tree affected by the disease *** the involvement of large extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile ducts is typically visualised using radiology imaging,histopathological examination of liver tissue obtained by percutaneous liver biopsy still plays an important role in the diagnosis of cholangiopathies affecting the small intrahepatic bile *** increase the diagnostic yield of a liver biopsy and determine the optimal therapeutic approach,the referring clinician is tasked with interpreting the results of histopathological *** requires knowledge and understanding of basic morphological patterns of hepatobiliary injury and an ability to correlate microscopic findings with results obtained by imaging and laboratory *** minireview describes the morphological aspects of small-duct cholangiopathies pertaining to the diagnostic process.

关键词： Bile duct Cholangiocytes Cholangiopathy Cholangitis Liver biopsy Histopathology

Effect of tellurium(Te^(4+))irradiation on microstructure and associated irradiation-induced hardening

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第5期30卷 87-92页

作者： Hefei Huang Jizhao Liu Guanhong Lei ondrej Muránsky Tao Wei Mihail Ionescu Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201800China School of Nuclear Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation(ANSTO) Lucas HeightsSydneyNSW2234Australia University of New South Wales(UNSW) KensingtonSydneyNSW2052Australia

The GH3535 alloy samples were irradiated using 15-MeV Te^(4+) ions at 650℃to a dose of 0.5,3.0,10,and 20 dpa,*** Te atoms distribution and microstructure evolution were examined by electron probe microanalysis(EPMA)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The nano-indenter was then used to measure the nano-hardness changes of samples before and after *** results showed the formation of dislocation loops in the irradiated *** mean diameters increase with the increase of irradiation dose and tends to be saturated when irradiation dose exceeds 10 *** ratio of yield strength increments calculated by dispersed barrier hardening(DBH)model is basically consistent with that of nano-hardness increments measured by *** addition,the relationship between the nano-hardness increments and dpa for the GH3535 alloy irradiated by Te ions has been revealed in the study.

关键词： GH3535 alloy Te ions irradiation microstructural evolution irradiation hardening

High-precision group-delay dispersion measurements of optical fibers via fingerprint-spectral wavelength-to-time mapping

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Photonics Research 2016年第1期4卷 13-16页

作者： Takashi Ito ondrej Slezak Masahiro Yoshita Hidefumi Akiyama Yohei Kobayashi Institue for Solid State Physics University of Tokyo HiLASE Centre Institute of Physics ASCR

The group-delay dispersion of an optical fiber was measured with the time-of-flight method, using fingerprint-like characteristic spectra from a mode-locked fiber laser source. To determine the group-delay dispersion up to the fourth order, least-squares fitting was applied to the overall time waveform mapped on the time axis for the fingerprint-spectral broadband pulses through a long optical fiber. The analysis of all 4003 data points reduced statistical uncertainty, and provided second-, third-, and fourth-order dispersion with uncertainties of 0.02%, 0.4%, and 4%,respectively.

关键词： length time High-precision group-delay dispersion measurements of optical fibers via fingerprint-spectral wavelength-to-time mapping