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Deep optics preconditioner for modulation-free pyramid wavefront sensing

Photonics Research 2024年第2期12卷 301-312页

作者： FELIPE GUZMÁN JORGE TAPIA CAMILO WEINBERGER nicolÁs HERNÁNDEZ JORGE BACCA BENOIT NEICHEL EsTEBAN VERA school of Electrical Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaı´soValparaı´soChile Department of systems Engineering Universidad Industrial de SantanderBucaramangaColombia Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille MarseilleFrance

The pyramid wavefront sensor(PWFs)can provide the sensitivity needed for demanding adaptive optics applications,such as imaging exoplanets using the future extremely large telescopes of over 30 m of diameter(D).However,its exquisite sensitivity has a limited linear range of operation,or dynamic range,although it can be extended through the use of beam modulation—despite sacrificing sensitivity and requiring additional optical hardware.Inspired by artificial intelligence techniques,this work proposes to train an optical layer—comprising a passive diffractive element placed at a conjugated Fourier plane of the pyramid prism—to boost the linear response of the pyramid sensor without the need for cumbersome modulation.We develop an end-2-end simulation to train the diffractive element,which acts as an optical preconditioner to the traditional least-square modal phase estimation process.simulation results with a large range of turbulence conditions show a noticeable improvement in the aberration estimation performance equivalent to over 3λ∕D of modulation when using the optically preconditioned deep PWFs(DPWFs).Experimental results validate the advantages of using the designed optical layer,where the DPWFs can pair the performance of a traditional PWFs with 2λ∕D of modulation.Designing and adding an optical preconditioner to the PWFs is just the tip of the iceberg,since the proposed deep optics methodology can be used for the design of a completely new generation of wavefront sensors that can better fit the demands of sophisticated adaptive optics applications such as ground-to-space and underwater optical communications and imaging through scattering media.

关键词： process optics pyramid

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Parallel pathways:A chronicle of evolution in rectal and breast cancer surgery

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024年第4期16卷 1091-1096页

作者： Antonio Pesce nicolòFabbri Diletta Iovino Carlo Vittorio Feo Unit of General surgery University of FerraraAzienda USL of FerraraFerrara 44023LagosantoItaly

In this editorial,we have analyzed the historical evolution of rectal and breast cancer surgery,focusing on the progressive reduction of demolitive approaches and the increasing use of more conservative strategies,accompanied by a growing emphasis on perioperative treatments aimed at enhancing surgical outcomes.All of these changes have been made possible due to an increased awareness and understanding of oncological diseases and improved perioperative treatments.

关键词： Rectal cancer History Breast surgery Demolitive treatment Conservative surgery

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Resection and reconstruction in high-grade pancreatic head injuries

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1467-1469页

作者： Jake Krige Eduard Jonas Andrew John nicol Pradeep Harkson Navsaria HPB surgery University of Cape Town Health Sciences FacultyCape Town 7925Western CapeSouth Africa Trauma Center Department of SurgeryGroote Schuur HospitalCape Town 7925Western CapeSouth Africa Department of surgery Trauma CenterGroote Schuur HospCape Town 7925Western CapeSouth Africa

This study by Chui et al adds further important evidence in the treatment of highgrade pancreatic injuries and endorses the concept of the model of pancreatic trauma care designed to optimize treatment,minimize morbidity and enhance survival in patients with complex pancreatic injuries.Although the authors have demonstrated favorable outcomes based on their limited experience of 5 patients who underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy(PD),including 2 patients who were“unstable”and did not have damage control surgery(DCs),we would caution against the general recommendations promoting index PD without DCs in“unstable”grade 5 pancreatic head injuries.

关键词： Pancreas Injury surgery Pancreaticoduodenectomy

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Tribologically induced nanostructural evolution of carbon materials: A new perspective

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Friction 2024年第1期12卷 144-163页

作者： Guilherme Oliveira NEVEs nicolás ARAYA Diego Berti sALVARO Thiago de souza LAMIM Renan Oss GIACOMELLI Cristiano BINDER Aloisio Nelmo KLEIN JoséDaniel Biasoli de MELLO Laboratório de Materiais Universidade Federal de Santa CatarinaSanta Catarina 88040-900Brazil Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica Facultad de IngenieríaUniversidad del Bío-BíoConcepcion 4070-386Chile Universidad de Concepción Concepcion 4070-386Chile sENAI Innovation Institute for Laser Processing Santa Catarina 89218-153Brazil Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Minas Gerais 38408-100Brazil

Carbon-based solid lubricants are excellent options to reduce friction and wear,especially with the carbon capability to adopt different allotropes forms.On the macroscale,these materials are sheared on the contact along with debris and contaminants to form tribolayers that govern the tribosystem performance.Using a recently developed advanced Raman analysis on the tribolayers,it was possible to quantify the contactinduced defects in the crystalline structure of a wide range of allotropes of carbon-based solid lubricants,from graphite and carbide-derived carbon particles to multi-layer graphene and carbon nanotubes.In addition,these materials were tested under various dry sliding conditions,with different geometries,topographies,and solid-lubricant application strategies.Regardless of the initial tribosystem conditions and allotrope level of atomic ordering,there is a remarkable trend of increasing the point and line defects density until a specific saturation limit in the same order of magnitude for all the materials tested.

关键词： carbon nanostructures tribology Raman spectroscopy defects quantification tribolayer solid lubrication

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On-Chip Micro Temperature Controllers Based on Freestanding Thermoelectric Nano Films for Low-Power Electronics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第7期16卷 98-108页

作者： Qun Jin Tianxiao Guo nicolas Perez Nianjun Yang Xin Jiang Kornelius Nielsch Heiko Reith Institute for Metallic Materials Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research01069 DresdenGermany Institute of Materials Engineering University of Siegen57076 SiegenGermany Institute of Applied Physics Technical University of Dresden01069 DresdenGermany Institute of Materials science Technical University of Dresden01069 DresdenGermany

Multidimensional integration and multifunctional com-ponent assembly have been greatly explored in recent years to extend Moore’s Law of modern microelectronics.However,this inevitably exac-erbates the inhomogeneity of temperature distribution in microsystems,making precise temperature control for electronic components extremely challenging.Herein,we report an on-chip micro temperature controller including a pair of thermoelectric legs with a total area of 50×50μm^(2),which are fabricated from dense and flat freestanding Bi2Te3-based ther-moelectric nano films deposited on a newly developed nano graphene oxide membrane substrate.Its tunable equivalent thermal resistance is controlled by electrical currents to achieve energy-efficient temperature control for low-power electronics.A large cooling temperature difference of 44.5 K at 380 K is achieved with a power consumption of only 445μW,resulting in an ultrahigh temperature control capability over 100 K mW^(-1).Moreover,an ultra-fast cooling rate exceeding 2000 K s^(-1) and excellent reliability of up to 1 million cycles are observed.Our proposed on-chip temperature controller is expected to enable further miniaturization and multifunctional integration on a single chip for microelectronics.

关键词： Temperature control Low-power electronics On-chip micro temperature controller Freestanding thermoelectric nano films Temperature-sensitive components

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Landscape of global urban environmental resistome and its association with local socioeconomic and medical status

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science China(Life sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1292-1301页

作者： Jun Wu Yige Hu Michael H Perlin David Danko Jun Lu Manuela Oliveira Johannes Werner Maria M Zambrano Maria A sierra Olayinka O Osuolale PawełŁabaj nicolás Rascovan Nur Hazlin Hazrin-Chong soojin Jang Haruo suzuki Marina Nieto-Caballero Bharath Prithiviraj Patrick K H Lee Agnieszka Chmielarczyk Anna Różańska Yongxiang Zhao Lan Wang Christopher E Mason Tieliu shi Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology and the Institute of Biomedical SciencesSchool of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Department of Biology Program on Disease EvolutionUniversity of LouisvilleLouisville 40292USA Weill Cornell Medicine New York 10065USA The Bin Talal Bin Abdulaziz Alsaud Institute for Computational Biomedicine New York 10065USA Department of Pulmonary Medicine Shanghai Chest HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200025China i3s-Instituto de Investiga玢o e Inova玢o em saúde Universidade do PortoPorto 4050-290Portugal Ipatimup-Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto Porto 4200-465Portugal Departamento de Biologia Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoPorto 4050-290Portugal High Performance and Cloud Computing Group Zentrum für Datenverarbeitung(ZDV)Eberhard Karls University of TübingenW鋍hterstra遝7672074TübingenGermany Corporación Corpogen Research Center Bogotá110311Colombia Applied Environmental Metagenomics and Infectious Diseases Research(AEMIDR) Department of Biological SciencesElizade UniversityIlara-Mokin 340271Nigeria Maopolska Centre of Biotechnology Jagiellonian UniversityKraków 30-005Poland Aix-Marseille Université Mediterranean Institute of OceanologyUniversitéde ToulonCNRSIRDUM 110Marseille 83041France Department of Biological sciences and Biotechnology Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 UKM BangiSelangor Institut Pasteur Korea Seoul 13488Republic of Korea Faculty of Environment and Information studies Keio UniversityFujisawaKanagawa 252-0882Japan University of Colorado at Boulder CivilEnvironmental and Architectural DepartmentBoulder 80303USA Brooklyn College of the City University of New York Brooklyn 11210USA school of Energy and Environment City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Microbiology Faculty of MedicineJagiellonian UniversityKraków 30-005Poland Biological Targeting Diagnosis and The

Antimicrobial resistance(AMR)poses a critical threat to global health and development,with environmental factors—particularly in urban areas—contributing significantly to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs).However,most research to date has been conducted at a local level,leaving significant gaps in our understanding of the global status of antibiotic resistance in urban environments.To address this issue,we thoroughly analyzed a total of 86,213 ARGs detected within 4,728 metagenome samples,which were collected by the Meta sUB International Consortium involving diverse urban environments in 60 cities of 27 countries,utilizing a deep-learning based methodology.Our findings demonstrated the strong geographical specificity of urban environmental resistome,and their correlation with various local socioeconomic and medical conditions.We also identified distinctive evolutionary patterns of ARG-related biosynthetic gene clusters(BGCs)across different countries,and discovered that the urban environment represents a rich source of novel antibiotics.Our study provides a comprehensive overview of the global urban environmental resistome,and fills a significant gap in our knowledge of large-scale urban antibiotic resistome analysis.

关键词： urban environment metagenome antibiotic resistance resistance diversity biosynthetic gene clusters

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Privacy Protection in COVID Data Tracking: Textual Analysis of the Literature

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Applied Mathematics 2024年第3期15卷 235-255页

作者： Antonella Massari Viviana D’Addosio Vittoria Claudia De nicolò samuela L’Abbate Department of Economics Management and Business Law University of Bari Aldo Moro Bari Italy

The literary review presented in the following paper aims to analyze the tracking tools used in different countries during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Tracking apps that have been adopted in many countries to collect data in a homogeneous and immediate way have made up for the difficulty of collecting data and standardizing evaluation criteria. However, the regulation on the protection of personal data in the health sector and the adoption of the new General Data Protection Regulation in European countries has placed a strong limitation on their use. This has not been the case in non-European countries, where monitoring methodologies have become widespread. The textual analysis presented is based on co-occurrence and multiple correspondence analysis to show the contact tracing methods adopted in different countries in the pandemic period by relating them to the issue of privacy. It also analyzed the possibility of applying Blockchain technology in applications for tracking contagions from COVID-19 and managing health data to provide a high level of security and transparency, including through anonymization, thus increasing user trust in using the apps.

关键词： Tracking Privacy Blockchain Textual Analysis

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Conservative management of an early abdominal complication during a Tullio percutaneous endoscopic excision of renal pelvis urothelial carcinoma:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Urology 2024年第1期13卷 1-6页

作者： Massimiliano Bernabei nicolòFabbri Danila Romeo Elisa Paiolo Martina Bandi Maurizio simone Department of Urology Azienda USL di FerraraFerrara 44100Italy Department of surgery University of FerraraAzienda USL of FerraraAzienda USL of FerraraFerrara 44100FerraraItaly Local Health Agency of Ferrara Ferrara 44100Italy

BACKGROUND Upper tract urothelial carcinoma(UTUC)representing only a small fraction of all urothelial tumors.It predominantly affects the renal pelvis in men,often coexisting with bladder carcinoma.UTUC displays a more aggressive genetic profile compared to bladder neoplasms,with the majority of patients presenting with advanced disease.Histologically,about a quarter of UTUC cases exhibit high-grade subtypes,associated with a worse prognosis.Tobacco use and past exposure to aromatic amines are significant risk factors for UTUC.Imaging modalities such as Uro-computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging play crucial roles in diagnosis.Ureterorenoscopy is vital for direct visualization and biopsy sampling,but its limited sampling capacity presents challenges in determining tumor depth and staging.Traditionally,nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision has been the gold-standard treatment for UTUC.Endoscopic conservative treatment has recently emerged as a viable option for selected patients,offering comparable oncological outcomes to radical surgery.Percutaneous access is also feasible for larger intrarenal tumors.CAsE sUMMARY We present a case of an 84-year-old woman who underwent percutaneous endoscopic excision of a renal pelvis neoplasm using the Tullio laser.Despite successful tumor removal,the patient experienced a postoperative complication with abdominal fluid leakage.Conservative management effectively resolved the complication.Given the patient's age and refusal for radical surgery,the conservative approach proved to be a valid therapeutic choice.CONCLUsION Overall,UTUC remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to its rarity.However,advances in endoscopic and percutaneous techniques provide valuable alternatives for selected patients,warranting further exploration in this evolving field.

关键词： Upper tract urothelial carcinoma Endoscopic treatment Damage management Case report

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MXenes for Bioinspired soft Actuators:Advancements in Angle-Independent structural Colors and Beyond

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 18-34页

作者： siavash Iravani Rajender s.Varma Independent Researcher W Nazar STBoostan AveIsfahanIran Centre of Excellence for Research in sustainable Chemistry Department of ChemistryFederal University of São CarlosSão CarlosSP 13565‑905Brazil

soft actuators have garnered substantial attention in current years in view of their potential appliances in diverse domains like robotics,biomedical devices,and biomimetic systems.These actuators mimic the natural movements of living organisms,aiming to attain enhanced flexibility,adaptability,and versatility.On the other hand,angle-independent structural color has been achieved through innovative design strategies and engineering approaches.By carefully controlling the size,shape,and arrangement of nanostructures,researchers have been able to create materials exhibiting consistent colors regardless of the viewing angle.One promising class of materials that holds great potential for bioinspired soft actuators is MXenes in view of their exceptional mechanical,electrical,and optical properties.The integration of MXenes for bioinspired soft actuators with angle-independent structural color offers exciting possibilities.Overcoming material compatibility issues,improving color reproducibility,scalability,durability,power supply efficiency,and cost-effectiveness will play vital roles in advancing these technologies.This perspective appraises the development of bioinspired MXene-centered soft actuators with angleindependent structural color in soft robotics.

关键词： MXenes MXene-based composites Bioinspired soft robotics Angle-independent structural color

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Effect of Eu3+,Bi3+,and Li+ doping on luminescent property of GdNbO4

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 66-75页

作者： s.W.Wi Y.s.Lee Department of Physics and Integrative Institute of Basic sciences Soongsil University

We investigated the emission properties of Eu3+-doped GdNbO4-based oxide phosphors,aiming at improving the Eu3+emission by codoping of Bi3+and Li+.Eu3+singly doped,Eu3+and Bi3+doubly doped,and Eu3+,Bi3+,and Li+triply doped GdNbO4were prepared using a high-temperature solid-state reaction method.The red-orange emissions from Eu3+in the singly doped samples are significantly improved by the codoping of Bi3+,mainly due to the energy transfer from Bi3+to Eu3+.The additional codoping of Li+is found to increase the Eu3+emission significantly.This improvement might be attributed to the increase in the photoluminescent quantum yield originating from larger grain sizes and better crystallinity.A detailed analysis of the X-ray diffraction pattern and the asymmetric ratio estimated from the photoluminescence spectra show that the local lattice environment around Eu3+in GdNbO4does not change significantly with the codoping of Bi3+and Li+.Our results indicate that Li+doping is a promising way to improve the emission properties of rare-earth ion-doped GdNbO4phosphors.

关键词： Eu 3+ GdNbO 4 Codoping of Li + Photoluminescence sensitizer Rare earths

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