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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第5期10卷 418-422页

作者： naoto Okada Shinya Kobayashi Kouta Moriyama Kohsuke Miyataka Shinji Abe ChiemiSato Kazuyoshi Kawazoe Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice Pedagogy Institute of Biomedical SciencesTokushima University Graduate School Department of Pharmacy Tokushima University Hospital Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tokushima University Faculty of Medicine Tokushima University

Objective:To analyze the effects of feeding Helianthus tuberosus(HT) tubers on glucose tolerance and lipid profile in rats fed a high-fat diet(HFD). Methods:A normal HFD or HFD including 10 w/w% HT tubers(HFD + HT) was fed to F334/Jcl rats. After 10 weeks,organ weights,glucose tolerance,and lipid profile were analyzed. Results:The body weight,liver weight,and epidermal fat content in the HFD group were higher than those of the normal group,and similar to those of the HFD + HT group. The oral glucose tolerance test at 10 weeks revealed that the blood glucose level 30 minutes after beginning the test in the HFD + HT group was significantly lower than that in the HFD group. Liver triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in the HFD + HT group were significantly lower than those in the HFD group. Fecal triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in the HFD + HT group were higher than those in the HFD group. Histological analyses revealed that fat and glycogen accumulation increased in the HFD group,but decreased in the HFD + HT group. Conclusions:These results indicate that HT tubers have anti-fatty liver effects based on improvements in glucose tolerance and the hepatic lipid profile.

关键词： Helianthus tuberosus Glucose tolerance Hepatic lipid profile

Autofluorescence imaging endoscopy for identifi cation and assessment of inflammatory ulcerative colitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第46期17卷 5110-5116页

作者： Taro Osada Atsushi Arakawa naoto Sakamoto Hiroya Ueyama Tomoyoshi Shibuya Tatsuo Ogihara Takashi Yao Sumio Watanabe Department of Gastroenterology Juntendo University School of Medicine Department of Human Pathology Juntendo University School of Medicine

AIM:To validate the clinical relevance of autofluores-cence imaging(AFI)endoscopy for the assessment of inflammatory ulcerative colitis(UC).METHODS:A total of 572 endoscopic images were se-lected from 42 UC patients:286 taken with white light imaging(WLI)and 286 with AFI from the same *** images were assessed for overall mucosal inflammation according to Mayo endoscopic subscore(MES),and for seven characteristic endoscopic ***,AFI photographs were scored according to relative abundance of red,green and blue color com-ponents within each image based on an RGB additive color *** and AFI endoscopic scores from the same sites were *** evaluation of biopsies was according to the Riley ***:Relative to red(r=0.52,P<0.01)or blue(r=0.56,P<0.01)color component,the green color component of AFI(r=-0.62,P<0.01)corresponded more closely with mucosal inflammation *** were signif icant differences in green color components between MES-0(0.396±0.043)and MES-1(0.340± 0.035)(P<0.01),and between MES-1 and ≥ MES-2(0.318±0.037)(P<0.01).The WLI scores for "vascu-lar patterns"(r=-0.65,P<0.01),"edema"(r=-0.62,P<0.01),histology scores for "polymorphonuclear cells in the lamina propria"(r=-0.51,P<0.01)and "crypt architectural irregularities"(r=-0.51,P<0.01)showed correlation with the green color component of *** were significant differences in green color components between limited(0.399± 0.042)and extensive(0.375±0.044)(P=0.014)polymorpho-nuclear cell inf iltration within *** the severity of the mucosal inflammation increased,the green color component of AFI *** AFI green color com-ponent was well correlated with the characteristic en-doscopic and histological inflammatory features of ***:AFI has application in detecting inflammatory lesions,including microscopic activity in the co-lonic mucosa of UC patients,based on the green color component of images.

关键词： Autofluorescence imaging endoscopy En-doscopic activity Histological activity Microscopic in-flammation Green color component

Strategy to differentiate autoimmune pancreatitis from pancreas cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第10期18卷 1015-1020页

作者： Kensuke Takuma Terumi Kamisawa Rajesh Gopalakrishna Seiichi Hara Taku Tabata Yoshihiko Inaba naoto Egawa Yoshinori Igarashi Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Omori Medical Center Toho University School of Medicine

Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a newly described entity of pancreatitis in which the pathogenesis appears to involve autoimmune mechanisms. Based on histological and immunohistochemical examinations of various organs of AIP patients, AIP appears to be a pancreatic lesion reflecting a systemic "IgG4-related sclerosing disease". Clinically, AIP patients and patients with pancreatic cancer share many features, such as preponderance of elderly males, frequent initial symptom of painless jaundice, development of new-onset diabetes mellitus, and elevated levels of serum tumor markers. It is of uppermost importance not to misdiagnose AIP as pancreatic cancer. Since there is currently no diagnostic serological marker for AIP, and approach to the pancreas for histological examination is generally difficult, AIP is diagnosed using a combination of clinical, serological, morphological, and histopathological features. Findings suggesting AIP rather than pancreatic cancer include:fluctuating obstructive jaundice; elevated serum IgG4 levels; diffuse enlargement of the pancreas; delayed en- hancement of the enlarged pancreas and presence of a capsule-like rim on dynamic computed tomography; low apparent diffusion coefficient values on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance image; irregular narrowing of the main pancreatic duct on endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; less upstream dilatation of the main pancreatic duct on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, presence of other organ involvement such as bilateral salivary gland swelling, retroperitoneal fibrosis and hilar or intrahepatic sclerosing cholangitis; negative work-up for malignancy including endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration; and steroid responsiveness. Since AIP responds dramatically to steroid therapy, accurate diagnosis of AIP can avoid unnecessary laparotomy or pancreatic resection.

关键词： Autoimmune pancreatitis Pancreatic cancer Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography

Comparison of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery with trabecular micro-bypass stent and microhook ab interno trabeculotomy performed in conjunction with cataract surgery

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第7期15卷 1082-1088页

作者： naoto Tokuda Yasushi Kitaoka Ayaka Tsukamoto Yasuhiro Toyoda Yusuke Yamada Kana Sase Hitoshi Takagi Department of Ophthalmology St Marianna University School of Medicine2-16-1 Sugao Miyamae-ku Kawasaki-shiKanagawa 216-8851Japan

AIM: To evaluate the effectuality and safety of cataract surgery combined with either ab interno trabeculotomy by the microhook(μLOT) or a single i Stent? trabecular bypass implantation(i Stent) in eyes with cataract and mild-tomoderate glaucoma. METHODS: This study enrolled subjects with mild-tomoderate open angle glaucoma with visually significant cataract who used two or more ophthalmic antiglaucoma agents between 60 and 90 y of age. Patients underwent cataract surgery cooperated with either implantation of an i Stent(i Stent-phaco) or excisional goniotomy with the μLOT(μLOT-phaco). Patients underwent μLOT-phaco in the eye with lower the mean deviation, according to the Humphrey field analyzer, while i Stent-phaco was carried out on the other eye. Intraocular pressure(IOP) pre-and post-surgery, alterations in anterior chamber flare(ACF), and corneal endothelial cell density(ECD) were ***: Twenty subjects were enrolled(mean age: 73.6±7.3 y). The mean medicated preoperative IOP was 16.7 mm Hg in the μLOT and 16.2 mm Hg in the i Stent eyes. The mean final IOP at 12 mo was 13.6 mm Hg in the μLOT eyes and 13.6 mm Hg in the i Stent eyes, representing a 17.8% and 17.2% reduction, respectively. The preoperative ACF in the μLOT eyes was 9.5 pc/ms and it returned to normal in 30 d postoperatively, with a value of 11.4 pc/ms. In the i Stent eyes, ACF was 9.6 pc/ms preoperatively and it returned to normal by 7 d postoperatively(11.2 pc/ms atday 7), demonstrating that postoperative inflammation was less in the i Stent eyes. The corneal ECD in both groups was not significantly ***: In this study, i Stent and μLOT are both effective through 12 mo of follow-up. Safety is more favorable in the i Stent eyes, based on early anterior chamber inflammation.

关键词： minimally invasive glaucoma surgery iStent ab interno trabeculotomy

Global Geometrical Constraints on the Shape of Proteins and Their Influence on Allosteric Regulation

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Applied Mathematics 2018年第10期9卷 1116-1155页

作者： naoto Morikawa Genocript Zama Japan

Proteins are the workhorse molecules of the cell, which are obtained by folding long chains of amino acids. Since not all shapes are obtained as a folded chain of amino acids, there should be global geometrical constraints on the shape. Moreover, since the function of a protein is largely determined by its shape, constraints on the shape should have some influence on its interaction with other proteins. In this paper, we consider global geometrical constraints on the shape of proteins. Using a mathematical toy model, in which proteins are represented as closed chains of tetrahedrons, we have identified not only global geometrical constraints on the shape of proteins, but also their influence on protein interactions. As an example, we show that a garlic-bulb like structure appears as a result of the constraints. Regarding the influence of global geometrical constraints on interactions, we consider their influence on the structural coupling of two distal sites in allosteric regulation. We then show the inseparable relationship between global geometrical constraints and protein interactions;i.e. they are different sides of the same coin. This finding could be important for the understanding of the basic mechanisms of allosteric regulation of protein functions.

关键词： Differential Geometry Protein Structure Discrete Mathematics Allosteric Regulation Simultaneous Equations for Shape

Organic Solvent-Free and Simple Method for Determining Cyromazine and Its Metabolite, Melamine, in Cow’s Milk

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Journal of Analytical Sciences, Methods and Instrumentation 2012年第2期2卷 68-73页

作者： naoto Furusawa Graduate School of Human Life Science Osaka City University Osaka Japan

This paper described an organic solvent-free, rapid, simple, and space-saving method of sample preparation followed by HPLC coupled photo-diode array (PDA) detector for simultaneous quantification of cyromazine (CYR) and its decy-cropropylated metabolite, melamine (MEL), in milk. The HPLC-PDA was performed on an Inertsil? HILIC column with an isocratic aqueous mobile phase. Analytes were extracted from the sample using water, and purified by Mono-Spin?-C18, a centrifugal monolithic silica spin mini-columns, and quantified within 20 min. The method, performed under 100% aqueous conditions, obtained average recoveries for CYR and MEL in the range of 93.2% - 99.1% with relative standard deviations ≤ 2.8%. The quantitation limits were 8.5 ng/mL for CYR and 10 ng/mL for MEL, respectively. No organic solvents were used at any stage of the analysis.

关键词： Cyromazine Melamine HPLC-PDA Milk: Organic Solvent-free

Design of Self-Assembling Molecules and Boundary Value Problem for Flows on a Space of <i>n</i>-Simplices

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Applied Mathematics 2019年第11期10卷 907-946页

作者： naoto Morikawa Genocript Zama Japan

Self-assembling molecules are ubiquitous in nature, among which are proteins, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), peptides and lipids. Recognizing the ability of biomolecules to self-assemble into various 3D shapes at the nanoscale, researchers are mimicking the self-assembly strategy for engineering of complex nanostructures. However, the general principles underlying the design of self-assembled molecules have not yet been identified. The question is “How to obtain a well-defined shape with desired properties by folding a chain of subunits (such as amino acids and nucleic acids)”, where properties are determined by the precise spatial arrangement of the subunits on the surface. In this paper, we consider the question from the viewpoint of the discrete differential geometry of n-simplices. Self-assembling molecules are then represented as a union of trajectories of 3-simplices (i.e., tetrahedrons), and the question is rephrased as a “boundary value problem” for flows on a space of tetrahedrons. Also considered is a characterization of two types of surface flows of n-simplices. It is a rough classification of surface flows, but may be essential in characterizing important properties of biomolecules such as allosteric regulation. The author believes this paper not only provides a new perspective for the engineering of self-assembling molecules, but also promotes further collaboration between mathematics and other disciplines in life science.

关键词： Differential Geometry Self-Assembling Molecule Discrete Mathematics Boundary Value Problem Flows of n-Simplices

Discrete Differential Geometry and the Structural Study of Protein Complexes

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Open Journal of Discrete Mathematics 2017年第3期7卷 148-164页

作者： naoto Morikawa Genocript Kanagawa Japan

This paper proposes a novel four-dimensional approach to the structural study of protein complexes. In the approach, the surface of a protein molecule is to be described using the intersection of a pair of four-dimensional triangular cones (with multiple top vertexes). As a mathematical toy model of protein complexes, we consider complexes of closed trajectories of n-simplices (n=2,3,4...), where the design problem of protein complexes corresponds to an extended version of the Hamiltonian cycle problem. The problem is to find “a set of” closed trajectories of n-simplices which fills the n-dimensional region defined by a given pair of n+1 -dimensional triangular cones. Here we give a solution to the extended Hamiltonian cycle problem in the case of n=2 using the discrete differential geometry of triangles (i.e., 2-simplices).

关键词： Discrete Differential Geometry n-Simplices Hamiltonian Cycle Problem Protein Complexes Vector Bundle

Estimation of herbage intake and digestibility of grazing sheep in Zhenglan Banner of Inner Mongolia by using n-alkanes

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第4期1卷 324-328页

作者： Changqing Li Alatengdalai Shuyuan Xue Atsushi Tajima naoto Ishikawa Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences

To reveal the seasonal dynamics of herbage intake, diet composition and digestibility and clarify the relationship of those with herbage nutrient and botanical composition of grazing sheep in Zhenglan Banner of Inner Mongolia, the n-alkane technique was used to test in sheep grazed during June, August and December. The results showed that the sheep mainly ate Fringed sagebrush, Stipa krylovii and Carex in proportions of 33.5,17.9 and 21.2%, respectively, in spring. In summer, the sheep consumed cleistogenes,Potentilla tanacetifolia, Thyme, etc; the intake of Fringed sagebrush, Carex and Stipa declined. In winter,Fringed sagebrush accounted for 50.1% of herbage intake, and the intakes of Cleistogenes and Stipa krylovii increased to 15.3 and 18.4%, respectively. Herbage intake by the sheep in spring was 1.8 kg DM/d, and digestibility was 71.4%. Herbage intake and digestibility decreased slightly to 1.7 kg DM/d and 68.4%during the summer, respectively and decreased significantly to 1.2 kg DM/d and 36.4% in winter. There were significant correlations between diet composition and CP content in winter, diet composition and botanical composition in summer. A highly positive correlation between herbage intake and digestibility was observed in grazing sheep.

关键词： N-alkane technique Diet composition Grazing sheep Herbage intake

Worsening of the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in patients with prostate cancer after androgen deprivation therapy

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第6期20卷 634-636页

作者： Ryo Oka Takanobu Utsumi Takumi Endo Masashi Yano Shuichi Kamijima naoto Kamiya Hiroyoshi Suzuki Department of Urology Toho University Sakura Medical Center Sakura-shi Chiba 285-8741 Japan Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC 27599-7295 USA

Dear Editor, Prostate cancer （PCa） is the most frequently diagnosed male cancer in Western countries, and the number of PCa patients is also rapidly increasing in ]apan.1,2 Simultaneously, androgen deprivation therapy （ADT） has also been increasingly used in PCa patients in recent years2-5 However, the long-term use of ADT is associated with a variety of pivotal adverse events, including diabetes, anemia, osteoporosis, serum lipid profile changes, and cardiovascular disease （CVD）.1,2 Higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） and/or lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） are well-established risk factors for CVD, and control of their levels has been an important goal in the treatment and prevention of CVD.6,7 Recently, another alternative parameter, the LDL-C to HDL-C （L/H） ratio, has been reported to be strongly associated with CVD and is thought to be a better predictor of future CVD than LDL-C alone. Closely monitoring serum lipid profile, including the L/H ratio changes affected by ADT, is a key to preventing CVD in PCa patients. Moreover, we previously suggested that a higher L/H ratio might have an impact on the development of arterial stiffness after ADT administration,r Although some cutoff points of the L/H ratio have been reported in clinical use, it has been suggested that thrombosis can occur when the L/H ratio increases to around 2.5 or more in East Asian populations.6 The aim of the present study was to investigate the changes in serum lipid profile and to identify the clinical factors associated with an increased L/H ratio in PCa patients who received ADT.

关键词： FOLLOW-UP ASSOCIATION TIME RISK