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Predicting the upper stem diameters and volume of a tropical dominant tree species

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第6期33卷 1725-1737页

作者： Sunita Ulak Keshav Ghimire Rabindra gautam Shes Kanta Bhandari Krishna Prasad Poudel Yajna Prasad Timilsina Dhirendra Pradhan Thakur Subedi Forest Research and Training Centre KathmanduNepal Institute of Forestry Tribhuvan UniversityKathmanduNepal School of Biological Sciences The University of Western AustraliaPerthAustralia Department of Forestry Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StatePO Box 9681Starkville 39762USA

Predicting upper stem diameters and individual tree volumes is important for product quantification and can provide important information for the sustainable management of forests of important commercial tree species(Shorea robusta)in *** aim of this study was to develop a taper equation for ***-four trees were selected and felled in the southern low land of Nepal.A mixed effect modelling approach was used to evaluate 17 different taper functions.‘Leave-one-out cross-validation'was used to validate the fitted taper *** variable exponent taper function best fitted our data and described more than 99%of the variation in upper stem *** also showed significant effects of stand density on tree *** tree volume prediction using the local volume model developed in this study was more accurate compared to the volume predicted through the taper function and existing volume *** taper function developed in this study provides the benefit of predicting upper stem diameter and can be used for predicting volume to any merchantable height of individual *** will have implications in estimates of volume,biomass,and carbon and thus may be a potential supporting tool in carbon trade and revenue generation.

关键词： Mixed-model approach Shorea robusta Taper Volume Nepal

Cu2O nanocrystals with various morphology:Synthesis,characterization and catalytic properties

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2017年第5期28卷 1125-1130页

作者： Mojtaba Bagherzadeh Narges-alsadat Mousavi Mojtaba Amini Sanjeev gautam Jitendra Pal Singh Keun Hwa Chae Chemistry Department Sharif University of TechnologyTehranP.O.Box 11155-3615Iran Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceUniversity of MaraghehMaraghehIran Dr.SSBhatnagar University Institute of Chemical Engineering&Technology(SSB UICET)Panjab UniversityChandigarh 160-014India Advanced Analysis Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 136-791South Korea

Cu2O nanocubes,octahedra,spheres and truncated rhombic dodecahedral were prepared and their structural,morphological,and electronic properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis.X-ray absorption near edge structure,scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope and X-ray absorption near edge ***2O nanocrystals were successfully employed to catalyze the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction for the synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted ***2O nanocubes and octahedral showed the superior catalytic performance in the cycloaddition *** results reveal that crystal-plane engineering of oxide catalysts is a useful strategy for developing efficient catalysts for organic reaction.

关键词： Nanocrystal Morphology Cu2O Azide-alkyne cycloaddition

实现为应对气候变化而制定的脱碳目标所面临的能源转型挑战

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汽车安全与节能学报 2020年第3期11卷 276-286页

作者： gautam Kalghatgi 牛津大学工程科学系 OX13PJ英国

众所周知,气候变化会给全世界带来“生存危机”,人类必须大幅度和迅速减少温室气体(GHG)以及化石燃料的应用。但过去的经验表明,人类活动引起的温度上升已经得到了很好的应对。另外,当前化石燃料约占全球一次能源的85%,即使仅用无碳化... 详细信息

众所周知,气候变化会给全世界带来“生存危机”,人类必须大幅度和迅速减少温室气体(GHG)以及化石燃料的应用。但过去的经验表明,人类活动引起的温度上升已经得到了很好的应对。另外,当前化石燃料约占全球一次能源的85%,即使仅用无碳化能源来替代其中的60%就需要世界各地建造功率总容量约为9.4 TW的连续的无碳能源。同时,现有能源(例如石油,天然气,煤炭等)的基础设施必须拆除,航空、钢铁和水泥行业必须大幅停产。这种变化发生的可能性很低,特别是对计划继续使用化石燃料来发展经济的较贫穷的国家来说更是如此。更好的方法是认清现状,提高全社会应对气候变化的能力。对此,该文将围绕交通运输,特别是纯电动汽车,说明新能源面临的一些挑战;也对英国的一些政策进行了讨论,其中许多一般性的观点也适用于大多数其他国家。

关键词：气候变化能源转型温室气体排放脱碳新能源运输能源

Diversity and distribution of cercosporoid fungi in Himachal Pradesh:an annotated checklist

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Studies in Fungi 2020年第1期5卷 17-49页

作者： gautam AK Avasthi S Prasher IB Sushma Verma RK Faculty of Science School of AgricultureAbhilashi UniversityMandi-175028India School of Studies in Botany Jwaji UniversityGwalior-474011India Department of Botany Mycology and Plant Pathology LaboratoryPanjab University Chandigarh-160014India Department of Agriculture Dolphin PG College of science and Agriculture Chunni KalanFatehgarh SahibPunjab140307India Department of Agriculture Swami Vivekanand Institute of Engineering and TechnologyBanurPunjab 140506India

the basis of available publications.A total of 103 species belonging to 15 genera of cercosporoid fungi have been reported from Himachal Pradesh on 118 plant species belonging to 46 *** species richness of cercosporoid fungi in the region was as follows;Cercospora(50),Pseudocercospora(23),Ramularia and Passalora(7 each),Stigmina&Mycosphaerella(3 each),Sirosporium(2),Cercosporella,Distomycovellosiella and Mycovellosiella,Neocercosporidium,Neopseudocercosporella,Nothopassalora,Rosisphaerella&Teratosphaeria(1 each).The highest numbers of cercosporoid fungi were recorded on plant hosts of the family Solanaceae(12 species)followed by Fabaceae(10 species),Asteraceae and Rosaceae(8 species each),Amaranthaceae(5 species),Malvaceae and Smilaceae(4 species each),Acanthaceae,Poaceae,Polygonaceae and Ranunculaceae(3 species each),while the rest of families were found associated with 1-2 cercosporoid speices.

关键词： fungi hyphomycetes India list Mycosphaerellaceae North Western Himalaya

Wind energy as a source of green hydrogen production in the USA

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Clean Energy 2023年第1期7卷 8-22页

作者： Ashish Sedai Rabin Dhakal Shishir gautam Bijaya Kumar Sedhain Biraj Singh Thapa Hanna Moussa Suhas Pol National Wind Institute Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79401USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79401USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Tribhuvan UniversityPurbanchal CampusDharanNepal Green Hydrogen Lab Department of Mechanical EngineeringKathmandu UniversityDhulikhelNepal Wind Energy Program Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX 79401USA

The study incorporates an overview of the green hydrogen-production potential from wind energy in the USA,its application in power generation and the scope of substituting grey and blue hydrogen for industrial *** 10 million metric tons of grey and blue hydrogen is produced in the USA annually to fulfil the industrial demand,whereas,for 1 million metric tons of hydrogen generated,13 million metric tons of CO_(2) are released into the *** research aims to provide a state-of-the-art review of the green hydrogen technology value chain and a case study on the production of green hydrogen from an 8-MW wind turbine installed in the southern plain region of *** research estimates that the wind-farm capacity of 130 gigawatt-hours is required to substitute grey and blue hydrogen for fulfilling the current US annual industrial hydrogen demand of 10 million metric *** study investi-gates hydrogen-storage methods and the scope of green hydrogen-based storage facilities for energy produced from a wind *** research focuses on the USA’s potential to meet all its industrial and other hydrogen application requirements through green hydrogen.

关键词： green hydrogen wind energy electrolysis greenhouse gases

Chylous Ascites:A Review of Pathogenesis,Diagnosis and Treatment

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2018年第1期6卷 105-113页

作者： Richa Bhardwaj Haleh Vaziri Arun gautam Enrique Ballesteros David Karimeddini George Y. Wu Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-HepatologyUCONN HealthFarmingtonCTUSA Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine UCONN HealthFarmingtonCTUSA Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Therapeutics UCONN HealthFarmingtonCTUSA Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology-HepatologyUCONN HealthFarmingtonCT 06030USA

Chylous ascites(CA)is a rare form of ascites that results from the leakage of lipid-rich lymph into the peritoneal *** usually occurs due to trauma and rupture of the lymphatics or increased peritoneal lymphatic pressure secondary to *** underlying etiologies for CA have been classified as traumatic,congenital,infectious,neoplastic,postoperative,cirrhotic or *** malignancy and cirrhosis account for about two-thirds of all the cases of CA in Western countries,in this article we have attempted to reclassify CA based on portal and non-portal *** diagnosis of CA is based on the distinct characteristic of the ascitic fluid which includes a milky appearance and a triglyceride level of>200 mg/*** management consists of identifying and treating the underlying disease process,dietary modification,and *** studies have also supported the use of agents such as orlistat,somatostatin,octreotide and *** and surgical interventions in the form of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(commonly known as TIPS),peritoneal shunt,angiography with embolization of a leaking vessel,and laparotomy remain as treatment options for cases refractory to medical management.

关键词： Chylous ascites Portal hypertension Cirrhosis Ascitic fluid Lymphatic system

Prophylactic Effect of Gossypin Against Percutaneously Administered Sulfur Mustard

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2007年第3期20卷 250-259页

作者： ANSHOO gautam R.VIJAYARAGHAVAN Defence Research and Development Establishment Gwalior-474002India

Objective To evaluate the protective efficacy of gossypin （3,3＇,4＇,5,7,8-hexahydroxyflavone 8-glucoside） by administering it intraperitoneally, for dose, time, and vehicle dependent effects against sulphur mustard （SM）, administered through percutaneous route in mice. Methods SM （diluted in PEG-300） was administered percutaneously. The protective efficacy of gossypin was evaluated by administering it intraperitoneally （50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg）, in various vehicles （water, PEG-300 and DMSO）, and time intervals （30 min prior, simultaneous and 2 h post）. The time dependent protection of gossypin （200 mg/kg in PEG-300; i.p.） was also evaluated using selected biochemical variables （GSH, GSSG, MDA, total antioxidant status, Hb, WBC count, RBC count, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase） and liver histology. The protection of gossypin by oral route was also evaluated against percutaneously administered SM. Results The protection against systemic toxicity of SM （LD50 8.1 mg/kg） was better when gossypin was given with PEG-300 （8.0 folds） than DMSO （5.7 folds）. No protection was observed when gossypin was administered with water. Good protection （8.0 folds） was observed when gossypin was administered （200 mg/kg in PEG-300; i.p.） at 30 min prior or simultaneous to SM exposure, but no protection was observed when gossypin was administered 2 h post to SM exposure. A significant weight loss was observed 7 days after SM administration （2 LD50）, with a significant increase in RBC and Hb. A significant decrease in total antioxidant status of plasma, liver GSH and GSSG levels, and in the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase was also observed 7 days after SM administration. SM treated mouse liver also showed necrosis. A significant protection was observed when gossypin （200 mg/kg in PEG-300; i.p.） was administered either as a pretreatment （30 min before） or simultaneous treatment, and not as a post

关键词： Sulfur mustard Gossypin Oxidative stress Glutathione Intraperitoneal Oral

Current and emerging therapeutic approaches for colorectal cancer:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第4期15卷 495-519页

作者： Anil Kumar Vipasha gautam Arushi Sandhu Kajal Rawat Antika Sharma Lekha Saha Department of Pharmacology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and ResearchChandigarh 160012India

Colorectal cancer(CRC)affects 1 in 23 males and 1 in 25 females,making it the third most common *** roughly 608000 deaths worldwide,CRC accounts for 8%of all cancer-related deaths,making it the second most common cause of death due to *** and conventional CRC treatments include surgical expurgation for resectable CRC and radiotherapy,chemotherapy,immunotherapy,and their combinational regimen for non-resectable *** these tactics,nearly half of patients develop incurable recurring *** cells resist the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs in a variety of ways,including drug inactivation,drug influx and efflux modifications,and ATPbinding cassette transporter *** constraints necessitate the development of new target-specific therapeutic *** therapeutic approaches,such as targeted immune boosting therapies,non-coding RNA-based therapies,probiotics,natural products,oncolytic viral therapies,and biomarkerdriven therapies,have shown promising results in preclinical and clinical *** tethered the entire evolutionary trends in the development of CRC treatments in this review and discussed the potential of new therapies and how they might be used in conjunction with conventional treatments as well as their advantages and drawbacks as future medicines.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Chemotherapy Immunotherapy RNA interference Probiotics Oncolytic viral therapy

Modernising autism spectrum disorder model engineering and treatment via CRISPR-Cas9:A gene reprogramming approach

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第14期11卷 3114-3127页

作者： Arushi Sandhu Anil Kumar Kajal Rawat Vipasha gautam Antika Sharma Lekha Saha Department of Pharmacology Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research(PGIMER)Chandigarh 0172ChandigarhIndia

A neurological abnormality called autism spectrum disorder(ASD)affects how a person perceives and interacts with others,leading to social interaction and communication *** and recurring behavioural patterns are another feature of the *** mutations throughout development are the source of the neurodevelopmental disorder ***,a well-established model and perfect treatment for this spectrum disease has not been *** rising era of the clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-associated protein 9(Cas9)system can streamline the complexity underlying the pathogenesis of *** CRISPR-Cas9 system is a powerful genetic engineering tool used to edit the genome at the targeted site in a precise *** major hurdle in studying ASD is the lack of appropriate animal models presenting the complex symptoms of ***,CRISPR-Cas9 is being used worldwide to mimic the ASD-like pathology in various systems like in vitro cell lines,in vitro 3D organoid models and in vivo animal *** from being used in establishing ASD models,CRISPR-Cas9 can also be used to treat the complexities of *** aim of this review was to summarize and critically analyse the CRISPRCas9-mediated discoveries in the field of ASD.

关键词： Autism spectrum disorder CRISPR-Cas9 Cellular models Organoids Animal models Therapeutic strategies