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Synergistic integration of self-supported 1T/2H-WS_(2) and nitrogendoped rGO on carbon cloth for pH-universal electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution

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nano Research 2024年第3期17卷 1267-1280页

作者： Feng Ming Yap Jian Yiing loh Wee-Jun Ong School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43900Malaysia Center of Excellence for nano Energy&Catalysis Technology(COnnECT) Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43900Malaysia State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Gulei Innovation Institute Xiamen UniversityZhangzhou 363200China Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University Shenzhen 518057China

Hydrogen economy based on electrochemical water splitting exemplified one of the most promising means for overcoming the rapid consumption of fossil fuels and the serious deterioration of global *** development of earth-abundant,efficient,and durable electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)plays a vital role in the commercialization of water ***,the self-supported electrode with unique nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide(n-rGO)nanoflakes and WS_(2) hierarchical nanoflower that were grown directly on carbon cloth(CC)substrate(WS_(2)/n-rGO/CC)was successfully synthesized using a facile dual-step hydrothermal *** as-synthesized 50%1T/2H-WS_(2)/n-rGO/CC(WGC),which possessed high metallic 1T phase of 57%not only efficiently exposed more active sites and accelerated mass/charge diffusion,but also endowed excellent structural lustiness,robust stability,and durability at a high current *** a result,the 50%WGC exhibited lower overpotentials and Tafel slopes of 21.13 mV(29.55 mV∙dec^(-1))and 80.35 mV(137.02 mV∙dec^(-1))as compared to 20%Pt-C/CC,respectively for catalyzing acidic and alkaline hydrogen evolution ***,the as-synthesized 50%WGC also depicted long-term stability for more than 8 h in the high-current-density regions(100 and 220 mA∙cm^(-2)).In brief,this work reveals a self-supported electrode as an extraordinary alternative to Pt-based catalysts for HER in a wide pH range,while paving a facile strategy to develop advanced electrocatalysts with abundant heterointerfaces for practical applications in energy-saving hydrogen production.

关键词： self-supported electrocatalyst carbon-based substrate phase engineering pH-universal water splitting

Elevated brain temperature under severe heat exposure impairs cortical motor activity and executive function

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第2期13卷 233-244页

作者： Xiang Ren Tan Mary C.Stephenson Sharifah Badriyah Alhadad Kelvin W.Z.loh Tuck Wah Soong Jason K.W.Lee Ivan C.C.Low Health and Social Sciences Singapore Institute of TechnologySingapore 138683Singapore Human Potential Translational Research Programme Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117597Singapore Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117549Singapore Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117593Singapore Heat Resilience and Performance Centre Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 117510Singapore n.1 Institute for Health National University of SingaporeSingapore 117456Singapore Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(CREATE) Singapore 138602Singapore

Background:Excessive heat exposure can lead to hyperthermia in humans,which impairs physical performance and disrupts cognitive *** heat is a known physiological stressor,it is unclear how severe heat stress affects brain physiology and ***:Eleven healthy participants were subjected to heat stress from prolonged exercise or warm water immersion until their rectal temperatures(T_(re))attained 39.5℃,inducing exertional or passive hyperthermia,*** a separate trial,blended ice was ingested before and during exercise as a cooling *** were compared to a control condition with seated rest(normothermic).Brain temperature(T_(br)),cerebral perfusion,and task-based brain activity were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging ***:T_(br)in motor cortex was found to be tightly regulated at rest(37.3℃±0.4℃(mean±SD))despite fluctuations in T_(re).With the development of hyperthermia,T_(br)increases and dovetails with the rising T_(re).Bilateral motor cortical activity was suppressed during high-intensity plantarflexion tasks,implying a reduced central motor drive in hyperthermic participants(T_(re)=38.5℃±0.1℃).Global gray matter perfusion and regional perfusion in sensorimotor cortex were reduced with passive *** function was poorer under a passive hyperthermic state,and this could relate to compromised visual processing as indicated by the reduced activation of left lateral-occipital ***,ingestion of blended ice before and during exercise alleviated the rise in both T_(re)and T_(bc)and mitigated heat-related neural ***:Severe heat exposure elevates T_(br),disrupts motor cortical activity and executive function,and this can lead to impairment of physical and cognitive performance.

关键词： Brain functional activity Cognition Heat stress Hyperthermia Motor function

Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 945-997页

作者： Jian Sheng loh Wen Qi Mak Li Kar Stella Tan Chu Xin ng Hong Hao Chan Shiau Hueh Yeow Jhi Biau Foo Yong Sze Ong Chee Wun How Kooi Yeong Khaw School of Pharmacy Monash University MalaysiaJalan Lagoon Selatan47500 Bandar SunwaySelangorMalaysia School of Pharmacy Faculty of Health&Medical SciencesTaylor’s University1Jalan TaylorsSubang Jaya 47500 SelangorMalaysia Digital Health&Medical Advancements Taylor’s University1Jalan TaylorsSubang Jaya 47500 SelangorMalaysia School of Biosciences Faculty of Health&Medical SciencesTaylor’s University1Jalan TaylorsSubang Jaya 47500 SelangorMalaysia UCL School of Pharmacy University College London29-39 Brunswick SquareLondon WC1N 1AXUK

The human gastrointestinal tract is populated with a diverse microbial *** vast genetic and metabolic potential of the gut microbiome underpins its ubiquity in nearly every aspect of human biology,including health maintenance,development,aging,and *** advent of new sequencing technologies and culture-independent methods has allowed researchers to move beyond correlative studies toward mechanistic explorations to shed light on microbiome–host *** has unveiled the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system,referred to as the“microbiota–gut–brain axis”.The microbiota–gut–brain axis represents an important regulator of glial functions,making it an actionable target to ameliorate the development and progression of neurodegenerative *** this review,we discuss the mechanisms of the microbiota–gut–brain axis in neurodegenerative *** the gut microbiome provides essential cues to microglia,astrocytes,and oligodendrocytes,we examine the communications between gut microbiota and these glial cells during healthy states and neurodegenerative ***,we discuss the mechanisms of the microbiota–gut–brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases using a metabolite-centric approach,while also examining the role of gut microbiota-related neurotransmitters and gut ***,we examine the potential of targeting the intestinal barrier,blood–brain barrier,meninges,and peripheral immune system to counteract glial dysfunction in ***,we conclude by assessing the pre-clinical and clinical evidence of probiotics,prebiotics,and fecal microbiota transplantation in neurodegenerative diseases.A thorough comprehension of the microbiota–gut–brain axis will foster the development of effective therapeutic interventions for the management of neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： degenerative therapeutic diseases

Outcomes of a non-randomised audit of single pigtail suture stents in urolithiasis management of Asian patients in Singapore

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第2期11卷 324-330页

作者： Ee Jean Lim Zhen Wei Choo Reshma Mangat Pradeep Durai Sarvajit Biligere Yiquan Tan loh Hin Yeung Marcus nicole Andrea Seet Li Ting Chin Tiong Heng Stefania Ferreti Vineet Gauhar Urology Department Singapore General HospitalSingapore Urology Department Tan Tock Seng HospitalSingapore Urology Department Ng Teng Fong HospitalSingapore Urology Department Azienda Ospedaliera-Uiversitaria(Hospital and University of Parma)ParmaItaly

Objective:Double-J(DJ)ureteric stents are commonly placed perioperatively for semirigid or flexible ureteroscopic renal *** is believed that lesser stent material within the bladder mitigates stent-related *** study aimed to evaluate the J-Fil ureteral stent,a single pigtail suture stent compared with conventional DJ stent in relation to stent symptoms in an Asian population undergoing ureterorenal ***:Based on internal audit committee recommendation approval,the records of 50 patients retrieved,available data of 41 patients who were prospectively enrolled into two groups(Group 1[J-Fil stent group],n=21 and Group 2[DJ stent group],n=20)between August 2020 to January 2021,were *** compared were nature of procedure,stone location and size,ease of deployment or removal,and complications.A modified universal stent symptom questionnaire was used to assess morbidity of stent symptoms within 48 h of insertion and at ***:Both groups had similar median age,distribution in male to female ratio,and stone *** overall median universal stent symptom questionnaire score at insertion was similar for bladder pain,flank or loin pain,and quality of life between Group 1 and 2;however,at removal Group 1 fared significantly better than Group 2,especially for flank or loin pain and pain at *** groups had similar ease in insertion with no hospital ***:Our audit favoured the single pigtail suture stent in Asian ureters in mitigating stent-related *** showed a good safety profile with easy deployment and *** promises a new standard in stenting.

关键词： Stent Ureteroscopy Pigtail suture stent Asianpatient Flexible ureteroscopic renal surgery

Recent advances in structural modification on graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)n_(4))-based photocatalysts for high-efficiency photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production

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nano Research Energy 2024年第1期3卷 101-151页

作者： Feng Ming Yap Grayson Zhi Sheng Ling Brenden Jing Su Jian Yiing loh Wee-Jun Ong School of Energy and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43900Malaysia Center of Excellence for nano Energy&Catalysis Technology(COnnECT) Xiamen University MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43900Malaysia State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Gulei Innovation Institute Xiamen UniversityZhangzhou 363200China Shenzhen Research Institute of Xiamen University Shenzhen 518057China

To date,extensively high demand for hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))has been predominantly supplied by the anthraquinone process for several worldwide applications,encompassing wastewater treatment,environmental remediation,and chemical ***,the compacted manufacturing,massive energy input and the release of tremendous wastes have restricted commercialization *** to mitigate such issues,the photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production by utilizing g-C_(3)n_(4)catalysts has endowed a greener,sustainable and promising alternative,considering that it involves water and oxygen as reactants in the present of sunlight as energy ***,we have manifested a comprehensive overview of the research progress for g-C_(3)n_(4)-based semiconductors for photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)*** review has systematically elucidated state-of-the-art development of different modifications on g-C_(3)n_(4)to unravel the fundamental mechanism of H_(2)O_(2)evolution via oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and water oxidation reaction(WOR).In addition,the contribution made by vacancy introduction,doping,heterogenization,and co-catalyst passivation with respect to photoefficiency enhancement have been ***,the current challenges and perspective of future development directions on photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production have also been *** such,g-C_(3)n_(4)stands as the next step toward advancement in the configuration and modulation of high-efficiency photocatalysts.

关键词： photocatalysis g-C_(3)n_(4) H_(2)O_(2)production structural modification

Substitutional doping in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides

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nano Research 2021年第6期14卷 1668-1681页

作者： Leyi loh Zhepeng Zhang Michel Bosman Goki Eda Department of Physics National University of Singapore2 Science Drive 3Singapore117551Singapore Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore9 Engineering Drive 1Singapore117575Singapore Department of Chemistry National University of Singapore3 Science Drive 3Singapore117543Singapore Centre for Advanced 2D Materials National University of Singapore2 Science Drive 2Singapore117542Singapore

Two-dimensional(2D)van der Waals transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)are a new class of electronic materials offering tremendous opportunities for advanced technologies and fundamental *** to conventional semiconductors,substitutional doping is key to tailoring their electronic properties and enabling their device ***,we review recent progress in doping methods and understanding of doping effects in group 6 TMDs(MX2,M=Mo,W;X=S,Se,Te),which are the most widely studied model 2D semiconductor *** and theoretical studies have shown that a number of different elements can substitute either M or X atoms in these materials and act as n-or p-type *** review will survey the impact of substitutional doping on the electrical and optical properties of these materials,discuss open questions,and provide an outlook for further studies.

关键词： substitutional doping transition metal dichalcogenide two-dimensional semiconductor acceptor donor

Endoscopic management of refractory gastrointestinal non-variceal bleeding using Histoacryl(n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate)glue

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Gastroenterology Report 2016年第3期4卷 232-236,I0002,I0003页

作者： Damien CK loh Robert B Wilson Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery Liverpool HospitalSydneyAustralia

Background:Histoacryl glue(n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate)has well-established utility in the endoscopic management of gastrointestinal variceal *** role of Histoacryl glue in non-variceal bleeding is less clear,and there are few articles describing its use in this ***:Six patients with intractable non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding were managed using injection of Histoacryl *** patients had previously failed conventional endostasis and/or interventional angioembolization and were not suitable for emergency salvage surgery due to serious comorbidities or unacceptable anaesthetic *** endoscopic Lipiodol-Histoacryl-Lipiodol sandwich injection technique was used in these *** clinical outcomes and complications were ***:There were four females and two males with a mean age of 55 *** lesions included gastric ulcers(n=2),duodenal ulcers(n=2),duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)(n=1)and rectal ulcers(n=1).All patients had successful Histoacryl endostasis without the requirement for salvage *** was no treatment-related morbidity and no *** patients had further bleeding after initial Histoacryl endostasis,which was successfully controlled with further endoscopic Histoacryl ***:Histoacryl endostasis should be included in the treatment algorithm for refractory non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding.

关键词： Histoacryl glue n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate endoscopy non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Ultrahigh Loading Copper Single Atom Catalyst for Palladium-free Wacker Oxidation

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2022年第5期38卷 1239-1242页

作者： SOnG Jingting LIU Jia loh Kian Ping CHEn Zhongxin Department of Chemistry National University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Singapore Joint School of national University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityFuzhou 350207P.R.China

Wacker oxidation is an industry-adopted process to transform olefins into value-added epoxides and ***,traditional Wacker oxidation involves the use of homogeneous palladium and copper catalysts for the olefin addition and reductive ***,we demonstrated an ultrahigh loading Cu single atom catalyst(14%Cu,mass fraction)for the palladium-free Wacker oxidation of 4-vinylanisole into the corresponding ketone with n-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride as an additive under mild *** studies by ^(18)O and deuterium isotope labelling revealed a hydrogen shift mechanism in this palladium-free process using n-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride as the oxygen *** reaction scope can be further extended to Kucherov *** study paves the way to replace noble metal catalysts in the traditional homogeneous processes with single atom catalysts.

关键词： Single atom catalyst Wacker oxidation Ultrahigh loading High valued chemical Organic catalysis

Design of refractory multi-principal-element alloys for high-temperature applications

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 884-893页

作者： Gaoyuan Ouyang Prashant Singh Ranran Su duane D.Johnson Matthew J.Kramer John H.Perepezko Oleg n.Senkov Daniel Miracle Jun Cui Division of Materials Science and Engineering Ames LaboratoryAmesIA 50011USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA Air Force Research Laboratory Materials and Manufacturing DirectorateWright-Patterson Air Force BaseDaytonOH 45433USA

Refractory multi-principal-element alloys(RMPEAs)exhibit high specific strength at elevated temperatures(T).However,current RMPEAs lack a balance of room-temperature(RT)ductility,high-T strength,and high-T creep *** density-functional theory methods,we scanned composition space using four criteria:(1)formation energies for operational stability:-150ngth found via interstitial electron density with Young’s moduli E>250 GPa;(3)inverse Pugh ratio for ductility:G/Bnd(4)high melting points:T_(m)>2500°*** rapid bulk alloy synthesis and characterization,we validated theory and down-selected promising alloy compositions and discovered Mo72.3W12.8Ta10.0Ti2.5Zr2.5 having well-balanced RT and high-T mechanical *** alloy has comparable high-T compressive strength to well-known MonbTaW but is more ductile and more creep *** is also superior to a commercial Mo-based refractory alloy and a nickel-based superalloy(Haynes-282)with improved high-T tensile strength and creep resistance.

关键词： creep alloy alloys