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Individual and contextual factors associated with childhood malnutrition:a multilevel analysis of the double burden of childhood malnutrition in 27 countries

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Global Health Research and Policy 2022年第1期7卷 69-80页

作者： mukhtar a.ijaiya Seun Anjorin Olalekan A.Uthman Jhpiego Plot 971Rueben Okoya CrescentOff Okonjo Iweala StreetWuye DistrictAbujaFCTNigeria Division of Health Sciences Warwick Centre for Global HealthWarwick Medical SchoolUniversity of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK

Background:Malnutrition is a key global health challenge and a major contributor to childhood morbidity and *** recent times,the contrasting coexistence of undernutrition including micronutrient deficiencies and overweight/obesity called double burden of malnutrition has been noted at individual,household or population level and/or at different times in *** objective of this study was to examine individual,neighborhood and country level factors that are associated with the double burden of childhood ***:We conducted multivariable multilevel logistic regression analyses on the most recent demographic and health datasets from surveys conducted between 2015 and 2020 in low-and middle-income *** analyzed data of 138,782 children(level 1)living in 13,788 communities(level 2)from 27 countries(level 3).Results:The results of our analysis show variation in childhood malnutrition across the 27 countries from as low as 6.5%in Burundi to as high as 29.5%in Timor *** adjusting for all level factors,we found that those who were wasted/overweight tended to have had an episode of diarrhea or fever in the last two weeks preceding the survey,were part of a multiple birth,were being breastfed at the time of the survey and born to mothers with more than one under 5-child resident in neighborhoods with high illiteracy and unemployment *** intra-neighbourhood and intra-country correlation coefficients were estimated using the intercept component variance;44.3%and 21.0%of variance in odds of double burden of childhood malnutrition are consequent upon neighborhood and country level factors ***:Evidence of geographical clustering in childhood malnutrition at community and country levels was found in our study with variability due to neighborhood level factors twice that of country level ***,strategies in tackling the double burden of malnutrition must consider these shared drivers,contextual barriers a

关键词： Multilevel Malnutrition Childhood

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Exploring Nanoscale Perovskite Materials for Next‑Generation Photodetectors:A Comprehensive Review and Future Directions

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 46-108页

作者： Xin Li Sikandar Aftab Maria mukhtar Fahmid Kabir Muhammad Farooq Khan Hosameldin Helmy Hegazy Erdi Akman State Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Laser Technology National University of Defense TechnologyHefei 230037AnhuiPeople’s Republic of China Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology Hefei 230037AnhuiPeople’s Republic of China Nanhu Laser Laboratory Changsha 410015HunanPeople’s Republic of China Department of Semiconductor Systems Engineering and Clean Energy Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea Department of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006Republic of Korea School of Engineering Science Simon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBC V5A 1S6Canada Department of Electrical Engineering Sejong UniversitySeoul 05006South Korea Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityP.O.Box 9004AbhaSaudi Arabia Central Labs King Khalid UniversityAlQura’aP.O.Box 96061413 AbhaSaudi Arabia Scientific and Technological Research and Application Center Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University70100 KaramanTurkey

The rapid advancement of nanotechnology has sparked much interest in applying nanoscale perovskite materials for photodetection *** materials are promising candidates for next-generation photodetectors(PDs)due to their unique optoelectronic properties and flexible synthesis *** review explores the approaches used in the development and use of optoelectronic devices made of different nanoscale perovskite architectures,including quantum dots,nanosheets,nanorods,nanowires,and *** a thorough analysis of recent literature,the review also addresses common issues like the mechanisms underlying the degradation of perovskite PDs and offers perspectives on potential solutions to improve stability and scalability that impede widespread *** addition,it highlights that photodetection encompasses the detection of light fields in dimensions other than light intensity and suggests potential avenues for future research to overcome these obstacles and fully realize the potential of nanoscale perovskite materials in state-of-the-art photodetection *** review provides a comprehensive overview of nanoscale perovskite PDs and guides future research efforts towards improved performance and wider applicability,making it a valuable resource for researchers.

关键词： Nanoscale perovskites Photodetectors Nanosheets Nanorods Nanowires Quantum dots Nanocrystals

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Removal of rhodamine B from aqueous solutions using vanadium pentoxide/titanium butyl oxide hybrid xerogels

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Chinese Physics B 2017年第5期26卷 407-413页

作者： Surayya mukhtar Department of Physics Allama Iqbal Open University H-8 sector Islamabad Pakistan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering the University of Auckland Auckland 1142 New Zealand

A stable and insoluble V2O5·n H2O/tetra-n-butyl titanate（TBO） hybrid xerogel was synthesized by the sol–gel method. This novel material proved to be an efficient absorbent with an absorption capacity of 179 mg·g^-1for Rhodamine B（Rh B） in water due to its unique layered structure, which can effectively accommodate Rh B molecules between its layers as demonstrated by XRD and FTIR spectroscopic analyses.

关键词： vanadium titanium titanate layered accommodate rhodamine insoluble tetra spacing interlayer

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Formation of Charged Particle Tracks in Solids

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第6期23卷 1448-1451页

作者： mukhtar A. Rana Physics Research Division PINSTECH PO Nilore Islamabad Pakistan

A criterion for formation of etchable tracks in solids is suggested using the well-known concepts of ionization and thermal spikes, diffusion process with useful and justified assumptions, and present or published experimental and theoretical investigations on the same subject. The suggested criterion is useful for a wide spectrum of researchers including development and applications of track recording materials, ions implantation, sputtering and other areas, which include interactions of charged particles with solids.

关键词： RADIATION-DAMAGE ACTIVATION-ENERGY AUGER ELECTRONS CR-39 DETECTORS

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A Bibliometric Analysis of Childhood Malnutrition Research Productivity in Africa over a Twenty-Year Period (1999-2019)

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第10期9卷 40-54页

作者： mukhtar A. ijaiya Seun Anjorin Olalekan A. Uthman Jhpiego Abuja Nigeria Warwick Centre for Applied Health Research and Delivery (WCAHRD) Division of Health Sciences Warwick Medical School University of Warwick Coventry UK

Background: Africa remains the epicenter of the global burden of malnutrition and the only region the number of stunted children is on the rise. A major cause of morbidity and mortality amongst children, it has been associated with factors such as poverty, food insecurity, maternal education and socio-economic inequalities. The role of research publication has been noted in providing an important connection between knowledge creation and translation of evidence to practice. Therefore, to determine the trend and the efforts put in place to eliminate malnutrition in the African region, bibliometric analysis was used to cumulatively present research productivity. The aim of this study was to assess childhood malnutrition research productivity in Africa, quantifying gaps, the most significant factors associated with the citations and future bibliometrics study path. Methods: A search of the PubMed database was conducted in December 2020 in order to obtain the childhood malnutrition research volume of each African country over a twenty-year period. The search was conducted and metadata of publications and articles gathered from the PubMed database using the PubMedR package. A comparative weighting for population and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was done by calculating the ratio of the number of articles from each country to their respective populations and GDP. Poisson regression models were used to examine the publication productivity time trends over the twenty-year period. The association between research productivity, population size and GDP were examined using the Pearson correlation analysis. Results: A total of 11,758 articles on childhood malnutrition indexed on PubMed were returned and described in this study. Six countries—South Africa, Ethiopia, Egypt, Nigeria, Kenya and Malawi account for about half of total publications. However, when controlled for population and GDP, much smaller countries Cape Verde, Swaz

关键词： Bibliometric Analysis Malnutrition Childhood

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Etchability of Latent Fission Fragment Tracks in CR-39

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Chinese Physics Letters 2007年第11期24卷 3107-3110页

作者： mukhtar Ahmed Rana Physics Division Directorate of Science PINSTECH P.O. Nilore Islamabad Pakistan

We report the chemical etching behaviour of the CR-39 polymer detector exposed to fission fragments of 252Cf describing etchability of latent tracks, which are like nanocylinders. The fission fragment exposed detectors were etched in 1-7 N NaOH water solutions at temperatures 50-80℃ for 45 min in the case of track length and 180 min in the case of track diameter measurements. The reduced etch rate S （called here etchability） is determined using experimental results for all etching conditions and the etching conditions with the highest reduced etch are obtained. Physics and energetics of bulk and track etching are discussed. Possible effects causing spurious changes in determination of activation energy of etching are investigated.

关键词： coated conductor buffer layer self-epitaxy CeO2

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Radiation-Induced Nano-Explosions at the Solid Surface: Near Surface Radiation Damage in CR-39 Polymer

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第8期28卷 83-86页

作者： mukhtar Ahmed Rana Physics Division Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology(PINSTECH)P.O.NiloreIslamabadPakistan

New measurements of fission fragment and alpha particle induced surface damage in the most sensitive and commonly used nuclear track detector CR-39 are presented *** designed and optimized exposure and chemical etching experiments are employed to unfold the structure of radiation induced surface damage(RISD).Delay in the startup of the chemical etching of latent tracks or surface radiation damage is measured and is found to contain important information about the structure of the surface *** atomic scale pictures of RISD and its chemical etching are developed in an empirical *** model and experimental findings coherently compose a realistic picture of early or femtosecond evolution of RISD.

关键词： coherent finding damage

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Planar Channelling Criticalities of MeV Protons in Si Crystal： Simulations, Evaluation and Applications

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第10期25卷 3724-3727页

作者： mukhtar Ahmed Rana Methodology Applications Initiative Physics Division PINSTECH Post Office Nilore Islamabad Pakistan

We reports a phase-space structure of MeV proton beam planar channelled along {110} planes in Si crystal using simulation results with the help of a computer code FLUX. The aim is to understand channelling conditions suitable for disorder measurement in crystals. Phase-space distribution of a planar channelled proton beam evolutes in a systematic fashion when it travels into the crystal. Planar channelled beam oscillates between phase-like and space-like conditions in which a part of the beam becomes under phase and space criticalities. These criticality conditions in planar channelling are analysed, explained and discussed with the perspective of defect measurement in crystals.

关键词： the power-law exponents precipitation durative abrupt precipitation change

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Fatty Acid Composition of Tobacco Seed Oil and Synthesis of Alkyd Resin

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2007年第5期25卷 705-708页

作者： mukhtar, Azam ULLAH, Habib mukhtar, Hamid Department of Chemistry University of Education Lahore Institute of Chemistry University of the Punjab Lahore 54600 Pakistan Institute of Industrial Biotechnology G C. University Lahore 54000 Pakistan

The fatty acid composition of tobacco seed oil revealed that the oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, having linoleic acid （71.63%）, oleic acid （13.46%） and palmitic acid （8.72%） as the most abundant unsaturated and saturated fatty acids respectively. So the tobacco oil was characterized as semi-drying type on the basis of fatty acid composition. The synthesis of alkyd resin was carried out by alcoholysis or monoglyceride process using an alkali refined tobacco seed oil, pentaerythritol, cis-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride along with lithium hydroxide as catalyst. The alkyd resin so prepared was found to be bright and of low color with high gloss. The drying and hardness properties and adhesion of the tobacco seed oil derived alkyd resin were also found a bit superior to those of other alkyd resins of the same oil length. In addition, the water and acid resistance of the said alkyd was also found comparable to the other alkyds.

关键词： tobacco oil alkyd fatty acid linoleic acid gloss and adhesion

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Microscopic model for chemical etchability along radiation damage paths in solids

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2008年第3期19卷 174-177页

作者： mukhtar Ahmed RANA Physics Division Directorate of Science PINSTECH P.O. Nilore Islamabad Pakistan

It would be very interesting to develop a picture about removal of atoms from the radiation damaged paths or latent nuclear tracks and undamaged bulk material in track detectors. Here, theory of chemical etching is described briefly and a new model for chemical etching along radiation damaged paths in solids is developed based on basic scientific facts and valid assumptions. Dependence of chemical etching on radiation damage intensity and etching conditions is discussed. A new parameter for etching along radiation damaged paths is introduced, which is useful for investigation of relationship between chemical etchability and radiation damage in a solid. Results and discussion presented here are also useful for further development of nuclear waste immobilization.

关键词：固态径迹探测器晶体缺陷辐射损伤固体

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