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HBsAg, HBcAg, and combined HBsAg/HBcAg-based therapeutic vaccines in treating chronic hepatitis B virus infection

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2013年第4期12卷 363-369页

作者： Sheikh mohammad Fazle Akbar Mamun Al-Mahtab mohammad helal uddin Md. Sakirul Islam Khan Department of Medical Sciences Toshiba General HospitalTokyo Japan Department of Hepatology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical UniversityDhaka Bangladesh Clinical Research Organization Dhaka Bangladesh Laboratory of Animal Production Faculty of Agriculture Ehime UniversityMatsuyama Japan

BACKGROUND: As the host immunity is diminished in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), different approaches have been used to up-regulate their immune responses to produce therapeutic effects. But, cytokines, growth factors and polyclonal immune modulators could not exhibit sufficient therapeutic effects in these patients. Immune therapy with HBV-related antigens (vaccine therapy) has been used in CHB patients. But there is a paucity of information about the design of HBV antigen-based immune therapy in these patients. DATA SOURCE: Preclinical and clinical studies on immune therapy with HBsAg-based vaccine, HBcAg and combination of HBsAg/HBcAg-based vaccines have been discussed. RESULTS: HBsAg-based prophylactic vaccine was used as an immune therapeutic agent in CHB patients; however, monotherapy with HBsAg-based immune therapy could not lead to sustained control of HBV replication and/or liver damages. HBsAg-based vaccine was used as a combination therapy with cytokines, growth factors, and antiviral drugs. HBsAg-based vaccine was also used for cell-based therapy. However, satisfactory therapeutic effects of HBsAg-based vaccine could not be documented in CHB patients. In the mean time, evidences have supported that HBcAg-specific immunity is endowed with antiviral and liver protecting capacities in CHB patients. Recent data concentrate on the clinical use of combined HBsAg- and HBcAg-based vaccines in CHB ***: Antigen-based immune therapy with HBV- related antigens may be an alternative method for the treatment of CHB patients but proper designs of antigens, types of adjuvants, dose of vaccinations, and routes of administration need further analyses for the development of an effective regimen of immune therapy against HBV.

关键词： chronic hepatitis B HBsAg vaccine HBsAg/HBcAg vaccine immune therapy therapeutic vaccines

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Early termination of immune tolerance state of hepatitis B virus infection explains liver damage

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World Journal of Hepatology 2014年第8期6卷 621-625页

作者： Mamun-Al-Mahtab Sheikh mohammad Fazle Akbar helal uddin Sakirul Islam Khan Salimur Rahman Department of Hepa-tology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh Department of Medical Sci-ences Toshiba General Hospital Tokyo140-0013 Japan Clinical Research Organization Dhaka 1213 Ban-gladesh Department of Anatomy and Embryol-ogy Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine Ehime 791-0295 Japan

AIM: To assess an early termination of immune toler-ance state of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Ban-gladesh and its clinical significance. METHODS: From a series of 167 treatment-naive chronic hepatitis B patients aged between 12 to 20 years(mean ± SD; 17.5 ± 2.8 years), percutaneous liver biopsies of 89 patients who were all hepatitis B e antigen negative at presentation were done. Of them, 81 were included in the study. They had persistently normal or raised serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT) values. A precore mutation(PCM) study was accom-plished in 8 patients who were randomly selected. RESULTS: Forty-four(53.7%) patients had significant necroinflammation(HAI-NI > 7), while significant fi-brosis(HAI-F ≥ 3) was seen in 15(18.5%) patients. Serum ALT(cut off 42 U/L) was raised in 29(35.8%) patients, while low HBV DNA load(< 105 copies/mL)was observed in 57(70.4%) patients. PCM was nega-tive in all 8 patients. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that the current concept of age-related immune tolerance state of HBV infection deserves further analyses in different popula-tion groups.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Immune tolerance Early termination

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The Characteristic Function Method and Its Application to (1 + 1)-Dimensional Dispersive Long Wave Equation

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Applied Mathematics 2012年第1期3卷 12-18页

作者： Medhat M. helal mohammad L. Mekky Emad A. Mohamed 不详

In this paper, the characteristic function method is applied to seek traveling wave solutions of nonlinear partial differential equations in a unified way. We consider the Wu-Zhang equation (which describes (1 + 1)-dimensional disper-sive long wave). The equations governing the wave propagation consist of a pair of non linear partial differential equations. The characteristic function method reduces the system of nonlinear partial differential equations to a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations which is solved via the shooting method, coupled with Rungekutta scheme. The results include kink-profile solitary wave solutions, periodic wave solutions and rational solutions. As an illustrative example, the properties of some soliton solutions for Wu-Zhang equation are shown by some figures.

关键词： Characteristic Function Method Wu-Zhang Equation

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Applied Mathematics 2012年第4期3卷 315-321页

作者： Magda M. Kassem Medhat M. helal mohammad L. Mekky Emad A. Mohamed Department of Engineering Physics and Mathematics Faculty of Engineering Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt

This paper is devoted to the analysis of the two-layer shallow-water equations representing gravity currents. A similarity technique which is the characteristic function method is applied for this study. The application of the characteristic function method makes it possible to obtain the similarity forms depending on a group of infinitesimal transformations. Thus, the number of independent variables is reduced by one and the governing partial differential equations with the auxiliary conditions reduce to a system of ordinary differential equations with the appropriate auxiliary conditions. Numeric solutions are presented and discussed.

关键词： The Characteristic Function Method The Two-Layer Shallow-Water Equations Gravity Currents

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