检索结果-南通市图书馆

Impacts of prenatal nutrition on animal production and performance： a focus on growth and metabolic and endocrine function in sheep

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第1期9卷 10-23页

作者： Prabhat Khanal mette Olaf nielsen Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen Gronnegardsvey 31st floorDK-1870 Frederiksberg CDenmark Department of Nutrition Faculty of MedicineTransgenic Animal and Lipid StorageNorwegian Transgenic Centre(NTS)University of OsloOsloNotway

The concept of foetal programming（FP） originated from human epidemiological studies, where foetal life nutrition was linked to health and disease status later in life. Since the proposal of this phenomenon, it has been evaluated in various animal models to gain further insights into the mechanisms underlying the foetal origins of health and disease in humans. In FP research, the sheep has been quite extensively used as a model for humans. In this paper we will review findings mainly from our Copenhagen sheep model, on the implications of late gestation malnutrition for growth, development, and metabolic and endocrine functions later in life, and discuss how these implications may depend on the diet fed to the animal in early postnatal life. Our results have indicated that negative implications of foetal malnutrition, both as a result of overnutrition and, particularly, late gestation undernutrition, can impair a wide range of endocrine functions regulating growth and presumably also reproductive traits. These implications are not readily observable early in postnatal life, but are increasingly manifested as the animal approaches adulthood. No intervention or cure is known that can reverse this programming in postnatal life. Our findings suggest that close to normal growth and slaughter results can be obtained at least until puberty in animals which have undergone adverse programming in foetal life, but manifestation of programming effects becomes increasingly evident in adult *** to the risk of transfer of the adverse programming effects to future generations, it is therefore recommended that animals that are suspected to have undergone adverse FP are not used for reproduction. Unfortunately, no reliable biomarkers have as yet been identified that allow accurate identification of adversely programmed offspring at birth,except for very low or high birth weights, and, in pigs, characteristic changes in head shape（dolphin head）. Future efforts should be therefo

关键词： Adipose tissue Endocrine function Foetal programming Metabolic function Sheep

Impact of dietary fat levels and fatty acid composition on milk fat synthesis in sows at peak lactation

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 1134-1149页

作者： Li Zhe Uffe Krogh Charlotte Lauridsen mette Olaf nielsen Zhengfeng Fang Peter Kappel Theil Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of EducationAnimal Nutrition InstituteSichuan Agricultural University211 Huimin RoadWenjiang DistrictChengdu 611130China Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Aarhus UniversityFoulumDk‑8830 TjeleDenmark

Background Dietary fat is important for energy provision and immune function of lactating sows and their ***,knowledge on the impact of fat on mammary transcription of lipogenic genes,de novo fat synthesis,and milk fatty acid(FA)output is sparse in *** study aimed to evaluate impacts of dietary fat levels and FA composition on these traits in *** second-parity sows(Danish Landrace×Yorkshire)were assigned to 1 of 5 dietary treatments from d 108 of gestation until weaning(d 28 of lactation):low-fat control diet(3%added animal fat);or 1 of 4 high-fat diets with 8%added fat:coconut oil(CO),fish oil(FO),sunflower oil(SO),or 4%octanoic acid plus 4%FO(OFO).Three approaches were taken to estimate de novo milk fat synthesis from glucose and body *** Daily intake of FA was lowest in low-fat sows within fat levels(P<0.01)and in OFO and FO sows within highfat diets(P<0.01).Daily milk outputs of fat,FA,energy,and FA-derived carbon reflected to a large extent the intake of *** average,estimates for de novo fat synthesis were 82 or 194 g/d from glucose according to method 1 or 2 and 255 g de novo+mobilized FA/d according to method *** low-fat diet increased mammary FAS expression(P<0.05)and de novo fat synthesis(method 1;P=0.13)within fat *** OFO diet increased de novo fat synthesis(method 1;P<0.05)and numerically upregulated mammary FAS expression compared to the other high-fat *** diets,a daily intake of 440 g digestible FA minimized milk fat originating from glucose and mobilized body *** Sows fed diets with low-fat or octanoic acid,through upregulating FAS expression,increased mammary de novo fat synthesis whereas the milk FA output remained low in sows fed the low-fat diet or high-fat OFO or FO diets,indicating that dietary FA intake,dietary fat level,and body fat mobilization in concert determine de novo fat synthesis,amount and profiles of FA in milk.

关键词： Carbon metabolism De novo fat synthesis Dietary fatty acid Fat balance Mammary gene expression Mammary lipogenesis Milk fat production Piglet growth

Supplementation of a lacto-fermented rapeseed-seaweed blend promotes gut microbial-and gut immune-modulation in weaner piglets

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2022年第1期13卷 138-151页

作者： Yan Hui Paulina Tamez-Hidalgo Tomasz Cieplak Gizaw Dabessa Satessa Witold Kot Søren Kjærulff mette Olaf nielsen Dennis Sandris nielsen Lukasz Krych Department of Food Science Faculty of ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenRolighedsvej 26DK-1958 Frederiksberg CDenmark Fermentationexperts A/S.Vorbassevej 12 DK-6622 BaekkeDenmark Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenGrønnegårdsvej 3DK-1870 Frederiksberg CDenmark Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences Faculty of ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenRolighedsvej 26DK-1958 Frederiksberg CDenmark Department of Animal Science Faculty of Technical SciencesAarhus UniversityBlichers Alle 20DK-8830 TjeleDenmark

Background:The direct use of medical zinc oxide in feed will be abandoned after 2022 in Europe,leaving an urgent need for substitutes to prevent post-weaning ***:This study investigated the effect of using rapeseed-seaweed blend(rapeseed meal added two brown macroalgae species Ascophylum nodosum and Saccharina latissima)fermented by lactobacilli(FRS)as feed ingredients in piglet *** d 28 of life to d 85,the piglets were fed one of three different feeding regimens(n=230 each)with inclusion of 0%,2.5% and 5% *** this period,no significant difference of piglet performance was found among the three *** a subset of piglets(n=10 from each treatment),blood samples for hematology,biochemistry and immunoglobulin analysis,colon digesta for microbiome analysis,and jejunum and colon tissues for histopathological analyses were *** piglets fed with 2.5% FRS manifested alleviated intraepithelial and stromal lymphocytes infiltration in the gut,enhanced colon mucosa barrier relative to the 0% FRS *** colon microbiota composition was determined using V3 and V1-V8 region 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing by Illumina NextSeq and Oxford Nanopore MinION,*** two amplicon sequencing strategies showed high consistency between the detected *** sequencing strategies indicated that inclusion of FRS reshaped the colon microbiome of weaned piglets with increased Shannon *** stercorea was verified by both methods to be more abundant in the piglets supplied with FRS feed,and its abundance was positively correlated with colonic mucosa thickness but negatively correlated with blood concentrations of leucocytes and ***:FRS supplementation relieved the gut lymphocyte infiltration of the weaned piglets,improved the colon mucosa barrier with altered microbiota *** the dietary inclusion of FRS from 2.5% to 5% did not lead to further improvements.

关键词： Amplicon sequencing Colon microbiota Fermented feed Gut barrier

Shot-noise limited, supercontinuum-based optical coherence tomography

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Light(Science & Applications) 2021年第7期10卷 1372-1384页

作者： Shreesha Rao D.S. Mikkel Jensen Lars Grüner-nielsen Jesper Toft Olsen Peter Heiduschka Björn Kemper Jürgen Schnekenburger Martin Glud mette Mogensen Niels Møller Israelsen Ole Bang DTU Fotonik Dept.of Photonics EngineeringTechnical University of DenmarkØrsteds Plads2800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark NKT Photonics A/S Blokken 843460 BirkerødDenmark Department of Ophthalmology University of Münster Medical CentreDomagkstr.15D-48149 MünsterGermany Biomedical Technology Center of the Medical Faculty University of MünsterMendelstr.17D-48149 MünsterGermany Department of Dermatology Bisbebjerg HospitalUniversity of CopenhagenBispebjerg Bakke 232400 Copenhagen NVDenmark

We present the first demonstration of shot-noise limited supercontinuum-based spectral domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)with an axial resolution of 5.9μm at a center wavelength of 1370 *** supercontinuumbased SD-OCT systems cannot be operated in the shot-noise limited detection regime because of severe pulse-topulse relative intensity noise of the supercontinuum *** overcome this disadvantage,we have developed a low-noise supercontinuum source based on an all-normal dispersion(ANDi)fiber,pumped by a femtosecond *** noise performance of our 90 MHz ANDi fiber-based supercontinuum source is compared to that of two commercial sources operating at 80 and 320 MHz repetition *** show that the low-noise of the ANDi fiber-based supercontinuum source improves the OCT images significantly in terms of both higher contrast,better sensitivity,and improved *** SD-OCT imaging of skin,retina,and multilayer stacks we conclude that supercontinuumbased SD-OCT can enter the domain of shot-noise limited detection.

关键词： fiber optical pumped

Deep hyperammonemic hepatic encephalopathy precipitated by fecal microbiota transplantation for fulminant Clostridioides difficile infection

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 612-614页

作者： Lotte Lindgreen Eriksen Simon Mark Dahl Baunwall Peter Lykke Eriksen Kirstine Petrea bak-Fredslund Jens Erik nielsen Jens Frederik Dahlerup Karen Louise Thomsen Hendrik Vilstrup Christian Lodberg Hvas Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus NDenmark Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Randers Regional HospitalRandersDenmark Department of Radiology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus NDenmark

Introduction Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)is highly effective and potentially life-saving for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection(CDI)[1].Recent pilot trials also reported the use of FMT to revert hepatic encephalopathy(HE)in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis without infectious colitis[2,3].Intestinal microbiota-driven hyperammonemia is central to HE development and most treatments aim to reduce ammonia levels by modulating the intestinal ***,FMT might lead to increased intestinal ammonia production,as we describe here.

关键词： hepatic infection encephalopathy

ω-3或ω-6脂肪酸和皮质激素治疗活动性克罗恩病时胰岛素样生长因子及其结合蛋白的表达

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2006年第5期2卷 57-58页

作者： Eivindson M. Grbak H. nielsen J.N. 赵天智 Department of Medicine Vejle Hospital Kabbeltoft 25 DK-7100 Vejle Denmark Dr.

Objective. Catabolism and growth impairment are well-known complications of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This may be caused by the disease activity itself and/or the medical treatment, and both may lead to changes in the growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) axis. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of enteral nutrition. Impact Powder(r), as adjuvant therapy to corticosteroid treatment on changes in the GH/IGF-I axis in patients with Crohn’ s disease (CD). Material and methods. The patients were randomized to 3-IP (ω -3-fatty acid (FA), 3 g/day) or 6-IP (ω -6-FA, 9 g/day). Changes in total IGF-I (tIGF-I) and total IGF-II (tIGF-II), free IGF-I (fIGF-I), IGF binding proteins (IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-3), IGFBP-3 protease activity and insulin levels were examined in 31 patients with active CD (CDAI: 186-603) during treatment with prednisolone (40 mg for 1 week) and tapering the dose by 5 mg/week. Clinical and biochemical markers of inflammation were studied at day 0, and after 5 and 9 weeks. Results. There were no differences at baseline between the two groups. During the treatment period, tIGFI, fIGF-I and IGFBP-3 increased significantly in both groups compared to baseline (p < 0.05) without differences between the groups. Insulin and IGFBP-1 showed no significant changes throughout the treatment period. Conclusions. There was no difference between 3-IP and 6-IP as adjuvant enteral nutrition on the GH/IGF-I axis. The changes observed in the GH/IGFI axis are in line with previously published studies and may be explained by corticosteroid treatment; however, we cannot exclude an additional effect of ω 3-/ω 6 FA as adjuvant enteral nutrition.

关键词：胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ 皮质激素治疗脂肪酸结合蛋白生长激素(GH) 活动性 IGF-Ⅰ 病时炎症性肠病生长障碍

长期交通噪声暴露与糖尿病发生率:一项队列研究

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

环境与职业医学 2013年第5期30卷 349-349页

作者： mette S rensen Zorana J.Andersen Rikke *** Thomas Becker Anne Tj nneland Kim Overvad Ole Raaschou-nielsen

[背景]正常城市水平的道路交通噪声会导致紧张和睡眠障碍。过多的紧张激素和睡眠质量及持续时间的下降均可能增加患2型糖尿病的风险。[目的]研究长期暴露于住宅道路交通噪声是否与糖尿病风险增加有关联。[方法]以人口为基础的丹麦饮食... 详细信息

[背景]正常城市水平的道路交通噪声会导致紧张和睡眠障碍。过多的紧张激素和睡眠质量及持续时间的下降均可能增加患2型糖尿病的风险。[目的]研究长期暴露于住宅道路交通噪声是否与糖尿病风险增加有关联。[方法]以人口为基础的丹麦饮食、癌症与健康队列研究于1993--1997午纳入57053名50～64岁的参加者。从入组到2006年期间，从全国糖尿病登记系统中确定有3869例发生糖尿病，平均随访时间为9．6年。通过国家登记册，确定这些患者在1988年至2006年间的现有及既往居住地址，并且对所有住址的道路交通噪声进行评估。

关键词：空气污染队列糖尿病流行病学交通噪声