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L′ENSEIGNEmENT SUPERIEUR EN FRANCE

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法国研究 1988年第2期 115-118页

作者： Colette PERRIGAULT maurice COURTOIS

L’enseignement supérieur en France est un édifice complexe. Une de ses caractéristiques historiques est qu’il a évolué par ajouts successifs: faute de pouvoir réformer les institutions existantes—les universités—, le pouvoir politique lui a juxtaposé d’autres institutions soit plus modernes, soit répondant un besoin précis, avec l’espoir que la confrontation avec les nouvelles formes d’enseignement entrainerait une modernisation des anciennes.

关键词： der Pr Plus ENSEIGNEmENT SUPERIEUR EN FRANCE

Applying Adverse Outcome Pathways to the protection of human health

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Applying Adverse Outcome Pathways to the protection of human...

中国毒理学会第六届全国毒理学大会

作者： maurice WHELAN European Commission DG Joint Research Centre Institute for Health and Consumer Protection

＜正＞Regulatory toxicology is undergo- ing an exciting *** in the past the emphasis has primarily been on observation of toxicological effects of substances using animal models,nowadays the aim is to combine a variety of different models to determine the mechanistic basis of those ***,this push towards more systematic use of mechanistic knowledge and reasoningin regulatory toxicological opens the door for predicting potential toxicological effects of a substance rather than having to measure them *** how do we go about establishing a knowledge-based framework for safety assessment decision making in relation to human health,and what practical steps can we take to harvest the knowledge we need and make it available in a form that can be exploited for regulatory purposes? Although there is already a phenomenal amount of mechanistic toxicological information available in the literature,researchers continue to dig deeper and *** with a gain in knowledge resolution,the trade-off is usually a loss in coverage,and eventually a loss of coherence. Thus an uncomfortable paradox is emerging where the more toxicological knowledge we generate as a scientific community,the more difficult it is to exploit for regulatory *** if we assume that in fact most of the knowledge on mechanisms and modes of toxicological action that we need to make informed safety assessment decisions actually exists,then efforts should be directed towards the collection,curation and dissemination of relevant knowledge to ensure that it is fully exploited in regulatory toxicology processes. In doing so it is likely that on occasion knowledge gaps will be identified which should trigger knowledge-discovery related research activities. However such considerations are of secondary concern in the *** now is the establishment of methodology and tools for the gathering and management of knowledge on mechanistic toxicology on an international s

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mechanical Sensorless Control of SPmSm Based on HF Signal Injection and Kalman Filter

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Mechanical Sensorless Control of SPMSM Based on HF Signal In...

第11届国际电机与系统学术会议

作者： maurice FADEL Lab.LAPLACE CNRS-INPT-UPS-ENSEEIHTToulouse31071France

＜正＞To reduce control system’s cost and complexity of permanent magnet synchronous motors（PmSm）,mechanical sensorless control is becoming a research *** paper presents a novel high frequency（HF） signal injection method for the mechanical sensorless control of surface mounted permanent magnet synchronous motors（SPmSm） in low speed and even zero speed regions based on the little saturation effects of stator circuit. Adaptive Kalman filter is used to deal with the signal processing instead of traditional filters to simplify the control system and improve *** and experimental results have shown the performance of the proposed method.

关键词： high frequency signal injection PmSm Kalman filter mechanical sensorless control low speed

The European Union Reference Laboratory for Alternatives to Animal Testing

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The European Union Reference Laboratory for Alternatives to ...

中国毒理学会第六届全国毒理学大会

作者： maurice WHELAN European Commission DG Joint Research Centre Institute for Health and Consumer Protection

＜正＞The European Union is strongly committed to the Replacement,Reduction and Refinement of testing on animals（the "Three Rs" principle）.The EU Directive 2010/63 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes came into force in November 2010 and takes full effect from January *** represents a significant increase in animal welfare with respect to previous legislation（*** 86/ 609/EEC） and establishes a level playing field in the EU with regard to animals used in industry and aca-demia. The Directive actively promotes and implements the principle of the Three Rs and establishes a clear legal requirement for the development,validation and use of alternative-to-animal approaches and *** European Union Reference Laboratory for Alternatives to Animal Testing-EURL ECVAm, previously known as the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative methods（ECVAm,established in 1991） has a long and proud track record in the development and validation of in vitro methods for safety and efficacy testing of chemical substances and biological agents（***） used in different sectors,whether for regulatory or research *** the new Directive,the mandate of EURL ECVAm has been broadened and strengthened and now includes "（a） coordinating and promoting the development and use of alternatives to procedures including in the areas of basic and applied research and regulatory testing;（b） coordinating the validation of alternative approaches at Union level;（c） acting as a focal point for the exchange of information on the development of alternative approaches;（d） setting up,maintaining and managing public databases and information systems on alternative approa- ches and their state of development;and（e） promoting dialogue between legislators,regulators,and all relevant stakeholders,in particular,industry,biomedical scientists,consumer organisations and animal-welfare groups,with a view to the development,validation,regulatory acceptance,interna

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A NOVEL mETHODS TO ISOLATE mICROSATELLITES LINKED mARKS FOR XIPHINEmA AmERICANUm GROUP SPECIES （NEmATODA: LONGIDORIDAE）

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A NOVEL METHODS TO ISOLATE MICROSATELLITES LINKED MARKS FOR ...

The ⅩⅤth International Plant Protection Congress

作者： maurice mOENS Nanjing Inspection and Quarantine Bureau Nanjing 210001 China Faculty of Science Gent University

Application of Community Climate Change Adaptation Assessment Tools for Climate Adaptation Planning in Yala Wetlands Complex, Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya

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Open Journal of Ecology 2023年第5期13卷 271-290页

作者： maurice Ogoma Leonard Akwany Roniance Adhiambo Department of Natural Resources Egerton University Nakuru Kenya Dunga Wetland Pedagogical Center Ecofinder Kenya Kisumu Kenya

Yala Wetland is a complex of Nzoia and Yala rivers that drain their waters into Lake Victoria, but face various pressure which is thought to originate from the impacts of climate change. The riparian communities are generally poor and use the wetland resources for small-holder livelihood activities. This paper describes how community climate change adaptation assessment (C3A2) tools were applied to identify resilient community-level adaptation options and would inform local climate adaptation planning. Eight participatory C3A2 tools were applied for data collection in which two (adaptation attributes and story-telling) were administered at the meso or local government (County) level while all the eight tools (community protocol, risk mapping, techno-transect, resilience ranking, community calendars, story-telling, adaptation attributes and give back) were administered at the micro or community level. Qualitative research method was adopted and 80 respondents (20 at meso and 60 at micro) were purposively selected for the study. Data were collected through interviews, focus group discussions (FGD), and plenary discussions. Data were analyzed at four levels: pre-analysis in situ, daily team triangulation, team conclusions, and cross-community reporting. The study found that communities experienced climate risks that tended to shift along with prolonged and irregular hydro-meteorological events, which affected their capacities for adaptation especially the resource-constrained individuals and vulnerable households. Drought (45%) and flood hazards (39%) were the most felt strongly. Drought was manifested mainly by prolonged dry-spell, increased atmospheric temperatures, and strong winds while floods were characterized by unpredictable and short but high-intensity rainfall with associated loss of lives and property damage. Women, children, and poor households were the most exposed to climatic hazards. Farm/agro-forestry was the most perceived adaptation strategy for droug

关键词： Climate Change Adaptation Climate-Smart Yala Wetlands Lake Victoria Livelihoods

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隧道防水技术

现代隧道技术 2007年第Z1期44卷 39-41页

作者： maurice Jones

　　除了抽水和堵漏外,还有更多的地下水控制措施.即使是需要采取这些措施,但地下水破坏情况的调查过程可能漫长且要花费人力、物力.最佳的办法是及早考虑潜在的问题,因此有必要正确进行现场调查.……

关键词：地下水现场调查破坏情况控制措施调查过程堵漏抽水

Wafer-level vapor cells filled with laser-actuated hermetic seals for integrated atomic devices

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第6期8卷 225-235页

作者： Vincent maurice Clément Carlé Shervin Keshavarzi Ravinder Chutani Samuel Queste Ludovic Gauthier-manuel Jean-marc Cote Rémy Vicarini moustafa Abdel Hafiz Rodolphe Boudot Nicolas Passilly IEmN-Institut d’Electronique de microélectronique et de Nanotechnologie UMR8520 CNRSUniversitéLilleCentrale LilleF-59000 LilleFrance FEmTO-ST Institute UMR6174 CNRSUniversitéBourgogne Franche-ComtéF-25030 BesançonFrance

Atomic devices such as atomic clocks and optically-pumped magnetometers rely on the interrogation of atoms contained in a cell whose inner content has to meet high standards of purity and ***-blowing techniques and craftsmanship have evolved over many decades to achieve such standards in macroscopic vapor *** the emergence of chip-scale atomic devices,the need for miniaturization and mass fabrication has led to the adoption of microfabrication techniques to make millimeter-scale vapor ***,many shortcomings remain and no process has been able to match the quality and versatility of glass-blown ***,we introduce a novel approach to structure,fill and seal microfabricated vapor cells inspired from the century-old approach of glass-blowing,through opening and closing single-use zero-leak microfabricated *** valves are actuated exclusively by laser,and operate in the same way as the“make-seals”and“break-seals”found in the filling apparatus of traditional *** structures are employed to fill cesium vapor cells at the *** make-seal structure consists of a glass membrane that can be locally heated and deflected to seal a *** break-seal is obtained by breaching a silicon wall between *** new approach allows adapting processes previously restricted to glass-blown *** can also be extended to vacuum microelectronics and vacuum-packaging of micro-electro-mechanical systems(mEmS)devices.

关键词： filled vacuum heated

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中国绩效审计发展问题研究

财贸经济 2004年第4期25卷 54-57页

作者：杨肃昌肖泽忠 maurice Pendlebury 兰州商学院英国加的夫大学商学院

本文以审计体制为中心展开对中国绩效审计发展问题的研究。当前中国绩效审计的发展较迟缓,其主要原因在于现行审计体制的束缚。国外绩效审计的产生与发展经验表明,绩效审计只有借助于立法机关的权力与推动才能更好地发展起来。中国具有... 详细信息

本文以审计体制为中心展开对中国绩效审计发展问题的研究。当前中国绩效审计的发展较迟缓,其主要原因在于现行审计体制的束缚。国外绩效审计的产生与发展经验表明,绩效审计只有借助于立法机关的权力与推动才能更好地发展起来。中国具有发展绩效审计的客观必要性和有利的政治条件,但只有通过进一步改革和完善政治体制、绩效预算制度和审计体制,绩效审计才能真正全面发展起来。

关键词：国家审计绩效审计审计体制公共资金绩效预算