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Pediatric stricturing Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第12期30卷 1651-1654页

作者： Alessandro Boscarelli matteo Bramuzzo Department of Pediatric Surgery and Urology Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS“Burlo Garofolo”Trieste 34137Italy Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and Nutrition Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS"Burlo Garofolo"Trieste 34137Italy

Crohn’s disease(CD)is a chronic inflammatory disease of the digestive tract.The incidence of pediatric CD is increasing and is currently 2.5-11.4 per 100000 world-wide.Notably,approximately 25%of children with CD develop stricturing CD(SCD)that requires intervention.Symptomatic stricturing diseases refractory to pharmacological management frequently require non-pharmacological interventions.Non-pharmacological therapeutic strategies include endoscopic balloon dilatation,stricturoplasty,and surgical resection of the strictured seg-ment.However,strictures tend to recur postoperatively regardless of treatment modality.The lifetime risk of surgery in patients with childhood SCD remains at 50%-90%.Thus,new and emerging strategies,advanced diagnostic tools,and minimally invasive approaches are under investigation to improve the outcomes and overall quality of life of pediatric patients with SCD.

关键词： Stricturing Crohn’s disease Pediatrics Insights Future perspectives

Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Polymerization of New CO_(2)-Based Cyclic

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第4期42卷 430-443页

作者： matteo Lanzi Arjan W.Kleij Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia(ICIQ) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology(BIST)Av.Països Catalans 1643007 TarragonaSpain Catalan Institute of Research and Advanced Studies(ICREA) Pg.Lluís Companys 2308010 BarcelonaSpain

Carbon dioxide can be converted into functional heterocycles known as cyclic carbonates,whose recent reactivity has been expanded towards the formation of tailor-made engineering polymers.This minireview gives an overview of the most topical developments in this area with a special focus on the synthetic methods employed to prepare these CO_(2)based synthons.In addition,their application potential in the area of polymer science using a variety of polymerization techniques is discussed that have in common the ring-opening of the carbonate monomers.Future perspectives are provided that provide impetus for the scientific communities aligning research to the use of sustainable processes for polymers from recyclable carbon sources such as CO_(2).

关键词： Carbon dioxide Cyclic carbonates Functional macromolecules Heterocycles Polycarbonates Recycling Ring opening polymerization

Janus-faced Mitofusin 2 (MFN2): mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum shaping and tethering functions unveiled

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 341-342页

作者： Camilla Aurora Franchino Elisa Motori matteo Bergami Institute for Biochemistry University of Cologne50674 CologneGermany Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases(CECAD) Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital CologneUniversity of Cologne50931 CologneGermany Center for Molecular Medicine 50931 CologneGermany

In a recently published study in Science,Naòn et al.report two uncharacterized splice variants of Mitofusin 2(MFN2)that specifically shape and tether the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)to mitochondria.1 This work sheds new light on the pleiotropic effects previously ascribed to MFN2 loss-of-function mutations,and has important implications for associated metabolic and neurological diseases.

关键词： MFN2 reticulum

Prevention of hepatitis B reactivation in patients with hematologic malignancies treated with novel systemic therapies:Who and Why?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第5期30卷 509-511页

作者： matteo Tonnini Clara Solera Horna Luca Ielasi Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of BolognaBologna 40138Italy Division of Internal Medicine Hepatobiliary and Immunoallergic DiseasesIRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di BolognaBologna 40138Italy Infectious Disease Unit Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio EmiliaReggio Emilia 42123Italy Department of Internal Medicine Ospedale degli Infermi di FaenzaFaenza 48018Italy

The risk of reactivation in patients with chronic or past/resolved hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection receiving chemotherapy or immunosuppressive drugs is a wellknown possibility.The indication of antiviral prophylaxis with nucleo(t)side analogue is given according to the risk of HBV reactivation of the prescribed therapy.Though the advent of new drugs is occurring in all the field of medicine,in the setting of hematologic malignancies the last few years have been characterized by several drug classes and innovative cellular treatment.As novel therapies,there are few data about the rate of HBV reactivation and the decision of starting or not an antiviral prophylaxis could be challenging.Moreover,patients are often treated with a combination of different drugs,so evaluating the actual role of these new therapies in increasing the risk of HBV reactivation is difficult.First results are now available,but further studies are still needed.Patients with chronic HBV infection[hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)positive]are reasonably all treated.Past/resolved HBV patients(HBsAg negative)are the actual area of uncertainty where it could be difficult choosing between prophylaxis and pre-emptive strategy.

关键词： Hepatitis B reactivation Hepatitis B virus Antiviral prophylaxis Hematologic malignancies Chimeric antigens receptor-T cell therapy Immune checkpoint inhibitors

Conservative approach to the acute management of a large mesenteric cyst

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2017年第9期5卷 360-363页

作者： Billy C Leung Ruth Sankey matteo fronza Mohamed Maatouk Department of General and Colorectal Surgery Milton Keynes HospitalEaglestone

Mesenteric cysts are rare, benign gastrointestinal cystic lesions, which are often non-troublesome and present as an incidental radiological finding. However, surgery is often performed in the acute setting to remove lesions that are symptomatic. This report highlights the case of a large, symptomatic mesenteric cyst managed successfully with initial conservative measures followed by planned elective surgery. A 44-year-old female presented with a four-day history of generalised abdominal pain associated with distension, fever, diarrhoea and vomiting. Computer tomography revealed a large(21.7 cm × 11.8 cm × 14 cm) mesenteric cyst within the left abdomen cavity. She was admitted and treated conservatively with intravenous fluids and antibiotics for four days, which lead to complete symptom resolution. Follow-up at intervals of one and three months revealed no return of symptoms. An elective laparotomy and excision of the mesenteric cyst was then scheduled and performed safely at nine months after the initial presentation. Compared to acute surgery, acute conservative management followed by planned elective resection of a symptomatic mesenteric cyst may prove safer. The withholding of an immediate operation may potentially avoid unnecessary operative risk and should be considered in patients without obstructive and peritonitic symptoms. Our case demonstrated the safe use of initial conservative management followed by planned elective surgery of a mesenteric cyst found in the acute setting, which was symptomatic but was not obstructive or causing peritonitic symptoms.

关键词： Conservative management Acute setting Mesenteric cysts Elective operation

ZrB_(2)-SiC ceramics toughened with oriented paper-derived graphite for a sustainable approach

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第2期13卷 207-219页

作者： Luca Zoli Francesca Servadei Simone Failla matteo Mor Antonio Vinci Pietro Galizia Diletta Sciti CNR-ISSMC Institute of ScienceTechnology and Sustainability for CeramicsFaenza I-48018Italy

Carbon fibre-reinforced ultra-high temperature ceramics(UHTCs)are considered a class of promising materials for several applications,the most appealing ones being in the aerospace sector.Reinforcement is necessary to overcome the brittleness and low thermal shock resistance of ceramics and is often provided through the addition of carbon fibres or other carbon-based phases,such as nanotubes,graphene,and graphite.The present work is focused on the toughening of UHTCs through incorporation of 30-50 vol% thin,ordered graphite layers from conventional filter paper followed by hot pressing sintering.Cellulose filter paper was selected because it undergoes thermolysis with no melting stage forming a strong carbonaceous residue that can be used as toughener.Microstructure and mechanical properties of toughened composites were compared to those of other materials reinforced with short carbon fibres and the effect of different distribution of graphite was studied.Addition of graphite allowed toughness to be increased from 3−4 MPa·m^(1/2)(for unreinforced materials)to 5.1−5.5 MPa·m^(1/2),similar to results obtained with short fibre reinforcement.The high-temperature properties,such as strength and toughness as well as oxidation resistance at 1500℃,were also examined.

关键词： borides paper-derived graphite microstructure toughness sustainability

Efficient slope reliability analysis under soil spatial variability using maximum entropy distribution with fractional moments

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第4期16卷 1140-1152页

作者： Chengxin Feng Marcos A.Valdebenito Marcin Chwała Kang Liao matteo Broggi Michael Beer Institute for Risk and Reliability Leibniz University HannoverCallinstr.34Hannover30167Germany Chair for Reliability Engineering TU Dortmund UniversityLeonhard-Euler-Str.5Dortmund44227Germany Faculty of Civil Engineering Wrocƚaw University of Science and TechnologyWrocƚawPoland Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering Southwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu610031China University of Liverpool Institute for Risk and UncertaintyPeach StreetLiverpoolL69 7ZFUnited Kingdom International Joint Research Center for Resilient Infrastructure & International Joint Research Center for Engineering Reliability and Stochastic Mechanics Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina

Spatial variability of soil properties imposes a challenge for practical analysis and design in geotechnical engineering.The latter is particularly true for slope stability assessment,where the effects of uncertainty are synthesized in the so-called probability of failure.This probability quantifies the reliability of a slope and its numerical calculation is usually quite involved from a numerical viewpoint.In view of this issue,this paper proposes an approach for failure probability assessment based on Latinized partially stratified sampling and maximum entropy distribution with fractional moments.The spatial variability of geotechnical properties is represented by means of random fields and the Karhunen-Loève expansion.Then,failure probabilities are estimated employing maximum entropy distribution with fractional moments.The application of the proposed approach is examined with two examples:a case study of an undrained slope and a case study of a slope with cross-correlated random fields of strength parameters under a drained slope.The results show that the proposed approach has excellent accuracy and high efficiency,and it can be applied straightforwardly to similar geotechnical engineering problems.

关键词： Slope Random field Reliability analysis Maximum entropy distribution Latinized partial stratified sampling

A systematic review of salivary biomarkers in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2613-2625页

作者： Maria Ilenia De Bartolo Daniele Belvisi Romina Mancinelli matteo Costanzo Claudia Caturano Giorgio Leodori Alfredo Berardelli Giovanni Fabbrini Giorgio Vivacqua IRCCS Neuromed PozzilliItaly Department of Human Neurosciences Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Department of Anatomical HistologicalForensic Medicine and Orthopedics SciencesSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly Department of Experimental Morphology and Microscopy-Integrated Research Center(PRAAB)-Campus Biomedico University of Rome RomeItaly

The search fo r reliable and easily accessible biomarkers in Parkinson's disease is receiving a growing emphasis,to detect neurodegeneration from the prodromal phase and to enforce disease-modifying therapies.Despite the need for non-invasively accessible biomarke rs,the majo rity of the studies have pointed to cerebrospinal fluid or peripheral biopsies biomarkers,which require invasive collection procedures.Saliva represents an easily accessible biofluid and an incredibly wide source of molecular biomarkers.In the present study,after presenting the morphological and biological bases for looking at saliva in the search of biomarkers for Parkinson's disease,we systematically reviewed the results achieved so far in the saliva of different cohorts of Parkinson's disease patients.A comprehensive literature search on PubMed and SCOPUS led to the discovery of 289articles.After screening and exclusion,34 relevant articles were derived fo r systematic review.Alpha-synuclein,the histopathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease,has been the most investigated Parkinson's disease biomarker in saliva,with oligomeric alphasynuclein consistently found increased in Parkinson's disease patients in comparison to healthy controls,while conflicting results have been reported regarding the levels of total alpha-synuclein and phosphorylated alpha-synuclein,and few studies described an increased oligomeric alpha-synuclein/total alpha-synuclein ratio in Parkinson's disease.Beyond alpha-synuclein,other biomarkers to rgeting diffe rent molecular pathways have been explored in the saliva of Parkinson's disease patients:total tau,phosphorylated tau,amyloid-β1-42(pathological protein aggregation biomarkers);DJ-1,heme-oxygenase-l,metabolites(alte red energy homeostasis biomarkers);MAPLC-3beta(aberrant proteostasis biomarker);cortisol,tumor necrosis factor-alpha(inflammation biomarkers);DNA methylation,miRNA(DNA/RNA defects biomarkers);acetylcholinesterase activity(synaptic and neuronal network dysfunction biomarkers);Raman spectra,proteome,a

关键词： alpha-synuclein amyloid-beta autophagy DJ-1 neurodegeneration neuroinflammation Parkinson's disease salivary biomarkers tau

Intraoperative cholangio-ultrasonography(IOCUS)during hepatectomy with resection of the biliary confluence:An effective alternative to intraoperative cholangiography

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第4期23卷 417-420页

作者： Daniele Del Fabbro Fabio Procopio Jacopo Galvanin Guido Costa Simone Famularo Angela Palmisano matteo Donadon Guido Torzilli Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery Department of SurgeryIRCCS Humanitas Research HospitalVia A.Manzoni 56Rozzano 20089MilanItaly Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas UniversityVia Rita Levi Montalcini 4Pieve Emanuele 20072MilanItaly

Intraoperative ultrasonography(IOUS)in hepatobiliary surgery is well known as an essential tool for radical and safe hepatectomies,allowing to perform parenchymal sparing surgery and,as consequence,to expand the surgical indications for patients otherwise considered unresectable.Nevertheless,since many years,despite its effectiveness in the study of vascular anatomy of the liver,the gold standard for the assessment of biliary anatomy during surgery is intraoperative cholangiography(IOC),which is used for the validation of preoperative imaging as well as for guiding reconstruction in case of bile duct injury or resection.

关键词： anatomy biliary ultrasonography