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Grain yield losses in yellow-rusted durum wheat estimated using digital and conventional parameters under field conditions

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The crop Journal 2015年第3期3卷 200-210页

作者： Omar Vergara-Diaz Shawn c.Kefauver Abdelhalim Elazab Maria Teresa Nieto-Taladriz Jose Luis Araus Unit of Plant Physiology Department of Plant BiologyFaculty of BiologyUniversity of BarcelonaDiagonal 64508028 BarcelonaSpain National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology(INIA) Ctra de la Coruna 7.528040Madrid Spain

The biotrophic fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici is the causal agent of the yellow rust in wheat. Between the years 2010–2013 a new strain of this pathogen(Warrior/Ambition),against which the present cultivated wheat varieties have no resistance, appeared and spread rapidly. It threatens cereal production in most of Europe. The search for sources of resistance to this strain is proposed as the most efficient and safe solution to ensure high grain production. This will be helped by the development of high performance and low cost techniques for field phenotyping. In this study we analyzed vegetation indices in the Red,Green, Blue(RGB) images of crop canopies under field conditions. We evaluated their accuracy in predicting grain yield and assessing disease severity in comparison to other field measurements including the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI), leaf chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, and canopy temperature. We also discuss yield components and agronomic parameters in relation to grain yield and disease ***-based indices proved to be accurate predictors of grain yield and grain yield losses associated with yellow rust(R2= 0.581 and R2= 0.536, respectively), far surpassing the predictive ability of NDVI(R2= 0.118 and R2= 0.128, respectively). In comparison to potential yield, we found the presence of disease to be correlated with reductions in the number of grains per spike, grains per square meter, kernel weight and harvest index. Grain yield losses in the presence of yellow rust were also greater in later heading varieties. The combination of RGB-based indices and days to heading together explained 70.9% of the variability in grain yield and 62.7% of the yield losses.

关键词： Wheat yellow rust Field phenotyping NDVI Phenology,Puccinia striiformis RGB-based indices Triticum durum

combination of Solid-Phase Micro-Extraction and Direct Analysis in Real Time-Fourier Transform Ion cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry for Sensitive and Rapid Analysis of 15 Phthalate Plasticizers in Beverages

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中国化学:英文版 2015年第2期33卷 213-219页

作者： Mengxi Wu Haoyang Wang Guoqing Dong Brian D.Musselman charles c.Liu Yinlong Guo Shanghai Mass Spectrometry center Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200032China IonSense Inc.999 BroadwaySuite 404SaugusMA 01906USA ASPEc Technologies Limited Room 1506RunFengDeShang Bldg ANo.60 An Li LuChaoyang DistrictBeijing 100101China

A method for rapid identification and quantification of phthalate plasticizers in beverages was developed.A number of 15 phthalate plasticizers which covered all the phthalates concerned in the US consumer Product Safety Improvement Act(cPSIA),European Union legislations and chinese national standards(GB)were *** a combined solid-phase micro-extraction(SPME)and direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry(DART-MS)approach,phthalates at sub-ng•mL^(−1)levels can be qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed in a short *** use of ultrahigh-resolving power and the accurate mass measurement capacity naturally provided by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry(FT-IcR-MS)minimizes the matrix interferences and thus enables the evaluation of phthalates in a complex matrix without extensive sample handlings or *** limits of quantification(LOQs)were estimated to be at 0.3-5.0 ng•mL^(−1),lower than the Maximum Residue Limit(MRL)regulated by the European Union legislations(2007/19/Ec)in foods,beverages,food packaging and toys(0.3-30 ng•mL^(−1)).This rapid and easy-to-use SPME-DART-FT-IcR-MS method provided a relatively high-throughput and powerful analytical approach for quick testing and screening phthalates in beverages and water samples to ensure food safety.

关键词： solid-phase micro-extraction direct analysis in real time Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry phthalates

Perceptual complexity of soil-landscape maps: a user evaluation of color organization in legend designs using eye tracking

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第6期10卷 560-581页

作者： Arzu coltekin Alzbeta Brychtova Amy L.Griffin Anthony c.Robinson Mark Imhof chris Pettit Department of Geography University of ZurichZürichSwitzerland School of Physical Environmentaland Mathematical SciencesUNSWCanberraAustralia GeoVISTA center Department of GeographyThe Pennsylvania State UniversityState CollegePAUSA Department of Economic Development JobsTransport and ResourceState Government of VictoriaAgriculture Victoria city Futures Research centre University of New South WalesSydneyAustralia

We compared the ability of two legend designs on a soil-landscape map to efficiently and effectively support map reading tasks with the goal of better understanding how the design choices affect user *** such knowledge is essential to design effective interfaces for digital earth *** of the two legends contained an alphabetical ordering of categories,while the other used a perceptual grouping based on the Munsell color *** tested the two legends for 4 tasks with 20 experts(in geography-related domains).We analyzed traditional usability metrics and participants’eye movements to identify the possible reasons behind their success and failure in the experimental ***,an overwhelming majority of the participants failed to arrive at the correct responses for two of the four tasks,irrespective of the legend ***,participants’prior knowledge of soils and map interpretation abilities led to interesting performance differences between the two legend *** discuss how participant background might have played a role in performance and why some tasks were particularly hard to solve despite participants’relatively high levels of experience in map *** on our observations,we caution soil cartographers to be aware of the perceptual complexity of soil-landscape maps.

关键词： Soil-landscape maps legend design visual complexity color empirical study eye tracking

Progress in neutron activation analysis for uranium

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Science china chemistry 1996年第2期39卷 219-224页

作者：杜鸿善李贵群董桂芝李俊兰 K.H.chiu c.M.Wai china Institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 China Department of chemistry University of Idaho USA

A new type of extractant, sym-dibenzo-16-crown-5-oxyhydroxamic acid (HL) is introduced. The extractions of UO22+, Na+, K+, Sr2+, Ba2+ and Br- were studied with HL in chloroform. The results obtained show that UO22+ can be quantitatively extracted at pH values above 5, whereas the extractions of K+, Na+, Sr2+, Ba2+ and Br- are negligible in the pH range of 2 - 7. The dependence of the distribution ratio of U(VI) on both the concentration of the HL and pH are linear, and they have the same slope of 2. This suggests that U(VI) appears to form a 1:2 complex with ligand. Uranium(VI) can be selectively separated and concentrated from interfering elements such as Na, K, Sr and Br by solvent extraction with HL under specific conditions. The recovery of uranium is nearly 100% and the radionudear purity of uranium is greater than 99.99%. Therefore, neutron activation analysis has greatly improved the sensitivity and accuracy for the detection of trace uranium from seawater.

关键词： uranium preconcentration neutron activation analysis.

Effects of serum containing natural cerebrolysin on glucose-regulated protein 78 and ccAAT enhancer-binding protein homologous protein expression in neuronal Pc12 cells following tunicamycin-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress

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Neural Regeneration Research 2009年第2期4卷 92-97页

作者： Zhengzhi Wu Ming Li Andrew c.J. Huang O Xiuqing Jia Yinghong Li Manyin chen Shenzhen Hospital Southern Medical University Shenzhen 518033 Guangdong Province China Larry Hiflblom Islet Research center David Geffen School of Medicine UCLA Los Angeles CA 90024 USA

BAcKGROUND： Glucose-regulated protein 78 （GRP78）, a marker of endoplasmic reticulum stress, can prolong cell survival. Alternatively, ccAAT enhancer-binding protein homologous protein （cHOP）, a transcription factor specific for endoplasmic reticulum stress, can cause cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. OBJEcTIVE： To study the protective effects of serum containing natural cerebrolysin on endoplasmic reticulum stress in tunicamycin-induced neuronal Pc12 cells, and analyze the influence on GRP78 and cHOP expressions. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A parallel controlled study was performed at the Institute of Integrated Western and Traditional chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, between March 2006 and August 2008. MATERIALS： Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were perfused with natural cerebrolysin aqueous extract （0.185 g/kg/d） to produce serum containing natural cerebrolysin. Physiological saline was used to produce blank serum. Pc12 cell line was provided by Shanghai Institute of cell Biology, chinese Academy of Science. Tunicamycin was provided by Sigma （St. Louis, USA）, and natural cerebrolysin, containing ginseng, rhizoma gastrodiae, and gingko leaf （1：2：2）, by Shengzhen Institute of Integrated Western and Traditional chinese Medicine. METHODS： Pc12 cells were treated with DMEM culture media containing 10% blank serum （normal control group）, tunicamycin （1 μg/mL; model group）, and 5%, 10%, and 15% serum containing natural cerebrolysin and tunicamycin （1 μ g/mL; low-, moderate-, and high-dose serum containing natural cerebrotysin groups）, for 2 hours. MAIN OUTcOME MEASURES： Pc12 cells were treated with tunicamycin for 48 hours after which apoptosis was measured using the TUNEL method to calculate apoptotic index. GRP78 expression was detected using immunocytochemistry. After 24 hours of treatment with tunicamycin, GRP78 and cHOP mRNA expressions were measured using RT-PcR. RESULTS： The apoptotic index and cHOP mRNA expression were in th

关键词： natural cerebrolysin Pc12 cell strain endoplasmic reticulum stress tunicamycin glucose regulated protein 78 ccAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein

Stabilization for Equal-Order Polygonal Finite Element Method for High Fluid Velocity and Pressure Gradient

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computers, Materials & continua 2020年第3期62卷 1109-1123页

作者： T.Vu-Huu c.Le-Thanh H.Nguyen-Xuan M.Abdel-Wahab Department of Electrical energy MetalsMechanical Constructions and SystemsFaculty of Engineering and ArchitectureGhent UniversityGhentBelgium Faculty of civil Engineering Vietnam Maritime UniversityHai PhongVietnam Faculty of civil Engineering and Electricity Ho Chi Minh City Open UniversityHo Chi MinhVietnam cIRTech Institute Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology(HUTECH)Ho Chi MinhVietnam Division of computational Mechanics Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi MinhVietnam Faculty of civil Engineering Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi MinhVietnam

This paper presents an adapted stabilisation method for the equal-order mixed scheme of finite elements on convex polygonal meshes to analyse the high velocity and pressure gradient of incompressible fluid flows that are governed by Stokes equations *** technique is constructed by a local pressure projection which is extremely simple,yet effective,to eliminate the poor or even non-convergence as well as the instability of equal-order mixed polygonal *** this research,some numerical examples of incompressible Stokes fluid flow that is coded and programmed by MATLAB will be presented to examine the effectiveness of the proposed stabilised method.

关键词： Polygonal finite element method fluid computation stokes equation mixed method local projection

Investigating the effects of Pentoxifylline on human breast cancer cells using Raman spectroscopy

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2015年第2期8卷 26-36页

作者： Peeyush N.Goel S.P.Singh c.Murali Krishna R.P.Gude Gude Lab ACTRECTata Memorial Center KhargharNavi Mumbai 410210 India chilakapati Lab ACTRECTata Memorial Center KhargharNavi Mumbai 410210 India

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in a global *** the present study,biochemical changes exerted upon Pentoxifylline(PTX)treatment had been ap-praised in human breast cancer cells using Raman *** are no clinically approved methods to monitor such therapeutic responses *** spectral profiling is suggestive of changes in DNA,protein and lipid contents showing a linear relationship with drug ***,multivariate analysis using principal component based linear-discriminant-analysis(Pc-LDA)was employed for dlassifying the control and the PTX treated *** findings support the feasibility of Raman spectroscopy as an alternate/adjunct label-free,objective method for monitoring drug-induced modifications against breast cancer cells.

关键词： Pentoifylline MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells Raman spectroscopy spectra multivariate analysis

Geomechanical characterization of volcanic rocks using empirical systems and data mining techniques

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2018年第1期10卷 138-150页

作者： T.Miranda L.R.Sousa A.T.Gomes J.Tinoco c.Ferreira University of Minho GuimarasPortugal State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyBeijingChina University of Porto PortoPortugal

This paper tries to characterize volcanic rocks through the development and application of an empirical geomechanical system. Geotechnical information was collected from the samples from several Atlantic Ocean islands including Madeira, Azores and canarias archipelagos. An empirical rock classification system termed as the volcanic rock system(VRS) is developed and presented in detail. Results using the VRS are compared with those obtained using the traditional rock mass rating(RMR) system. Data mining(DM) techniques are applied to a database of volcanic rock geomechanical information from the *** algorithms were developed and consequently approaches were followed for predicting rock mass classes using the VRS and RMR classification systems. Finally, some conclusions are drawn with emphasis on the fact that a better performance was achieved using attributes from VRS.

关键词： Volcanic rocks Geomechanical characterization Volcanic rock system(VRS) Data mining(DM)

Recent advancements in the B7/cD28 immune checkpoint families:new biology and clinical therapeutic strategies

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第7期20卷 694-713页

作者： Marc c.Pulanco Anne T.Madsen Ankit Tanwar Devin T.corrigan Xingxing Zang Department of Microbiology and Immunology Albert Einstein College of MedicineNew YorkNY10461USA Department of Urology Albert Einstein College of MedicineNew YorkNY10461USA Department of Oncology Albert Einstein College of MedicineNew YorkNY10461USA Department of Medicine Albert Einstein College of MedicineNew YorkNY10461USA

The B7/cD28 families of immune checkpoints play vital roles in negatively or positively regulating immune cells in homeostasis and various *** basic and clinical studies have revealed novel biology of the B7/cD28 families and new therapeutics for cancer *** this review,we discuss the newly discovered KIR3DL3/TMIGD2/HHLA2 pathways,PD-1/PD-L1 and B7-H3 as metabolic regulators,the glycobiology of PD-1/PD-L1,B7x(B7-H4)and B7-H3,and the recently characterized PD-L1/B7-1 *** also cover the tumor-intrinsic and-extrinsic resistance mechanisms to current anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-cTLA-4 immunotherapies in clinical ***,we review new immunotherapies targeting B7-H3,B7x,PD-1/PD-L1,and cTLA-4 in current clinical trials.

关键词： B7 family immune checkpoints metabolic regulators glycobiology therapy resistance